Dynamic rheological characterization of salep glucomannan/galactomannan-based milk beverages

The steady flow and viscoelastic properties of glucomannan (salep) and galactomannans (locust bean gum, LBG and guar gum, GG) in milk beverages were investigated at 25 and 50 °C. The consistency index (K), flow behavior index (n), yield stress and thixotropic area were measured as functions of steady shear; elastic modulus (G'), loss modulus (G''), tan ? and complex viscosity (?*) parameters were derived from oscillatory shear experiments. The steady flow behavior of mannan-based milk beverages was observed to be shear-thinning and thixotropic. Galactomannans exhibited greater shear-thinning and thixotropy than glucomannan in milk beverages. The synergistic effect was detected between salep and LBG with highest thixotropy. Increasing the temperature decreased Casson yield stresses of GG but not salep and LBG samples. Similar viscoelastic behavior was observed between salep and LBG, they could be classified as concentrated solutions but GG showed gel-like structure. At low frequencies, high tan ? values were observed for the salep and LBG samples indicating viscous character. On the other hand, GG sample had nearly the same tan ? values through the frequency sweep. Cox-Merz rule was tested to correlate the steady and dynamic viscosities of samples. It was found that Cox-Merz rule was applicable only to LBG-milk beverage among the studied samples. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The functional, rheological and sensory characteristics of ice creams with various fat replacers

The effects of fat replacers (Simplesse® D-100, N-Lite D, and inulin) on the melting characteristics, overruns, hardness, rheological parameters and sensory attributes of reduced (RF, 60.0 g/kg), low (LF, 40.0 g/kg), and nonfat (NF, 1.0 g/kg) ice creams were investigated. The magnitudes of the melting rates were in the order RF>LF>NF for samples that contained Simplesse® D-100 or inulin, but the reverse order was found for samples with N-Lite D. The nonfat ice creams had lowest overrun values of around 10%. Inulin-containing ice creams possessed higher overrun values than others (P > 0.05). The use of fat replacer decreased the hardness of ice creams. All ice cream samples showed pseudoplastic (shear-thinning) behavior. The addition of N-Lite D and inulin decreased the flow behaviour index of ice cream samples. The reduced and low fat ice cream samples were rated as similar to the control by a sensory panel. On the other hand, no correlations (P > 0.05) were observed between rheological parameters and sensory texture and mouthfeel. © 2009 Society of Dairy Technology

and their Opinion of Undergraduate Education

Background and Design: Most patients with dermatological complaints first present to their general practitioners. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the experiences of primary care physicians on dermatological diseases and their opinions of undergraduate education.Materials and Methods: A questionnaire composed of 15 questions was prepared and was completed by practitioners working in family and community health centers.Results: We included 124 out of 142 practitioners working in family and community health centers in Denizli. Sixty-five practitioners responded the questionnaire. It was recorded that health screening in schools and/or public education were performed as preventive dermatology in 42.8% of the institutions that the practitioners were working in. The most frequent diseases encountered were eczema (37.1%), mycosis (22.7%), urticaria (10.3%), acne (7.20/0 and psoriasis (6.9%), respectively. It was determined that practitioners were in need of dermatoscopy among the procedures that are not used routinely by practitioners and in need of education for potassium hydroxide and Wood lamp examination among the procedures that can be used by practitioners easily. It was found that the average dermatology training period for general practitioners was 3.5 +/- 2 weeks and most practitioners stated that this duration was insufficient. On-the-job training (median score 8.5), giving place to primary care institutions during education period (median score 8.1), giving place to dermatology during internship (median score 7.8) and case discussions (median score 7.8) were the education facilities that were reported to contribute mostly to postgraduate practical approach.Conclusion: The present study establishes very important data about practitioners' approach to patients with dermatological complaints. Practitioners' opinions of undergraduate education are also of importance because the suggestions were made according to postgraduate experiences. (Turkderm 2012; 46: 67-72

Textural properties and survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus, streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus of probiotic set yogurts produced by prebiotic stabilizers and different molasses types

Set type probiotic yogurts were prepared by the addition of three types of molasses (grape, mulberry and carob) at the rate of 100 ml L-1 and two types of prebiotic stabilizers (pectin and guar gum) at the rate of 5 g L-1. The pH, whey separation, textural properties (firmness, consistency, cohesiveness and index of viscosity) and survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus were evaluated during 14-day storage period. The pH values were not influenced by molasses types and stabilizer addition. Pectin-added yogurts had lower values than yogurts without stabilizers. No whey separation was observed in guar-added yogurts containing different molasses types. Stabilizer addition influenced textural properties of yogurts. Firmness and consistency values of yogurts were increased by pectin addition but decreased by the addition of guar gum. Guar gum addition also decreased cohesiveness and index of viscosity values of yogurts. The viable counts of L. acidophilus, S. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus in all yogurts were above 8 log cfu g-1 during storage period. Molasses types and stabilizer addition did not influence the counts of bacteria. Survival of starter and probiotic bacteria were not negatively affected by molasses addition

Topical Steroids Are Effective in the Treatment of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis

PMID = 2614852

Microencapsulation of Fig Seed Oil Rich in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids By Spray Drying

Fig oil is a nutritious vegetable based oil type which is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the present study, several attempts have been made to produce encapsulated oil with maximum efficiency. In the first step, the effect of feed concentration was observed at 140, 150 and 160 °C and 20 % dry matter was selected. In the second step, distribution of gum arabic (GA) and maltodextrin (MD) as a wall material was determined at different temperature levels (140, 150, 160, 170 and 180 °C), and optimum MD/GA ratio and temperature were found to be 8/1 and 150 °C, respectively. In the next step, impact of wall material/fig oil ratio on the encapsulation efficiency was investigated and it was determined to be 3.0. According to the results, optimum encapsulation ratio of MD/GA/oil and temperature were 8/1/3 and 150 °C, respectively. The physicochemical properties; particle size, peroxide value, dry matter content, and encapsulation efficiency of the oil encapsulated under this condition were determined. Water content and water solubility of the powder was determined as 2.875 and 97.85 %, respectively. At the optimum conditions particle of the fig oils showed smooth surface, non-homogeneous and spherical shape, and size of the most of the particles ranged between 8 and 40 ?m. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York

Myocarditis Associated With Influenza Infection In Five Children

Background: Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition located mainly in the myocardium. It is caused by a variety of bacterial and viral infections. Influenza is one of the most common relevant viruses that cause myocarditis. Objectives: We attempted to share our experiences about clinical and laboratory findings, cardiac evaluation, and treatment of children with influenza myocarditis. Methods: This retrospective study was performed by the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at the Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University in Turkey. The medical records of patients diagnosed with myocarditis associated with an influenza infection between January 2014 and January 2017 were systematically reviewed. Results: Vaccination seems likely to be an important protection strategy for both influenza infections and complications. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Limited on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.WoSScopu