The Law of Dropshiping Buying According to Madzhab Malikiyah and Syafi'iyah

This study aims to examine the sale and purchase of dropshipping which fall into the category of Salam, Ijarah and Wakalah contracts and laws according to the Malikiyah and Syafi'iyah schools of thought. The research method used is qualitative with primary data sources obtained by interviewing the sources, with secondary data in the form of literature studies of previous research and fiqh books of the Malikiyah and Syafi'iyah schools. The results of the study show that the dropshipping buying and selling system is included in Salam, Ijarah and Wakalah contracts, as Syafi'iyah's opinion allows salam contracts which have a short estimated delivery time, called salam haal and with cash advance payments when the transaction takes place. As for the Maliki school, it does not allow the salam haal contract because the estimated time for delivery of the goods is short

Bibliometric Analysis of Publication Output Patterns of Faculty Members of Agriculture And Veterinary Complex of A Nigerian University

The study is set out to analyse publication research output patterns of the faculty members of Agriculture and Veterinary Complex of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria from 2002 - 2012 using selected quantitative bibliometric indicators. Data collected emanated from 33 bounded copies of curriculum vitae and publications of professors and associated professors’ approved by the university central committee responsible for the appointments and promotion of staff. The units investigated were the Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), Division of Agricultural Colleges (DAC), National Animal Production and Research Institute (NAPRI), Faculty of Agriculture (FOA), National Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services (NAERLS) and The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Teaching Hospital (FVM&TH). To overcome anticipated variation and differences in the distribution of faculty members, a stratified random sampling was employed to proportionately draw from each stratum. Response rate achieved equals 86.84%; a total of 1134 articles were published in numerous research output formats by the faculty members, however journals (642) were the most preferred format. Year wise assessments of research output revealed that year 2006 was the most productive with score distributions of 159 and the most patronized authorship pattern was four contributors per paper (296). In conclusion, faculty members’ research output trends were expressible in research output formats, year-wise distributions and prevalence authorship patterns which show commitment to research activities, dissemination and dispersion of research findings. The study recommends the maintenance of staff bound curriculum and publications because it is a veritable tool for bibliometric analysis and pointer to progress made by the faculty membership and units of the complex to agricultural development

Fikih Zakat Hewan Ternak dalam Perspektif Syekh Ahmad bin al-Hasan al-Asfahani (Abu Syuja’)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau dan mengkaji fikih zakat hewan ternak dalam persfektif Abu Syuja’. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kajian tersebut sangat mudah diaplikasikan, dihapal dan dipelajari untuk pemula di Indonesia dengan bentuk karangan yang sistematik sehingga terasa sangat berbeda dengan kitab-kitab fikih yang lainnya, ditambah lagi bahwa Abu Syuja’ merupakan ulama ternama Syafi’iyah (Imam Syafi’i), sehingga sangat efektif ketika dipraktekkan di Indonesia bahkan di Asia yang mayoritas masyarakatnya mengadopsi dari mazhab Imam Syafi’i. Dan dalam tinjauan ini Abu Syuja’ mengutip bahwa hewan ternak yang wajib dikeluarkan zakatnya terdiri atas unta, sapi atau kerbau dan kambing atau domba yang sudah mencapai haul dan nisab serta telah memenuhi syarat-syarat yang telah ditentukan, ternyata Beliau juga ber-istidlal dengan hadis-hadis sahih yaitu derajatnya marfu’ atau disandarkan langsung kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW

Gynecological laparoscopic surgeries: A 4‑year audit at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Background: In addition to a shorter hospital stay and better cosmetic results, laparoscopic surgery also offers patients fewer postoperative complications compared to conventional open gynecological surgeries. With expertise and better facilities, it has come to stay as an alternative surgical approach to gynecological diagnosis and treatment.Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the indications, intraoperative findings, and types of laparoscopic surgeries performed at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin.Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study of 150 patients who underwent laparoscopic procedures between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2015, at the Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART) unit of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria.Results: Within the period of our review, there were 1,256 gynecological operations and 150 laparoscopies, thus giving a period prevalence of 11.2%. The patients were aged 20–59 years with a mean age of 32.1 ± 3.9 years. Of the 150 laparoscopies, 30 (20%) had diagnostic laparoscopies while 120 (80%) had therapeutic laparoscopies. Of the 30 patients who had diagnostic laparoscopies, 5 (16.7%) presented with primary infertility and 12 (40%) with secondary infertility. The commonest indication for therapeutic laparoscopy was clomiphene‑resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and was found in 81 (67.5%). One (0.7%) was converted to open surgery due to technical difficulties. There was a case of iatrogenic sigmoid colon injury and no mortality recorded.Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery offers patients a novel choice of intervention that affords establishing definitive diagnosis, shorter hospital stay, better cosmetics, and reduced morbidities/mortalities compared to open gynecological surgeries.Key words: Gynecological; Ilorin; laparoscopy; Nigeria

Evaluation of efficacy of some serological tests used for diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle in Egypt using latent class analysis

In this study serum samples were collected from 4 different groups of cattle, Group I (non-vaccinated Brucella infected group), Group II (Vaccinated Brucella infected group), Group III (Non-vaccinated Brucella free group) and Group IV (vaccinated Brucella free group). These samples were subjected to the different serological tests including Rose Bengal plate antigen test, Tube Agglutination test, Rivanol test, Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Statistical analysis of the obtained results in different cattle groups was carried out using Latent Class Analysis (Lem model). The prevalence of brucellosis was 6.4%, the sensitivity of RBPT was 96.1% while its specificity was 99.3%, the sensitivity of Rivanol test was 85% while its specificity was 100%, the sensitivity of Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay was 100% while its specificity was 98.3 % and the sensitivity of Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay was 97.1% while its specificity was 100%. The results proved that, the most sensitive test was Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay while the most specific test was Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay. This study therefore, recommends the use of Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay as a screening test and Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay as a confirmatory test. Bacteriological examination was carried out on supramammary lymph nodes and spleen of some slaughtered seropositive cattle, the rate of isolation was 25% from non-vaccinated infected group and 10% from vaccinated infected group. Brucella melitensis biovar3 was recovered only from supramammary lymph nodes.Keywords: Brucellosis, Cattle, Sensitivity, Serology, Specificity, Latent Class Analysi

TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19: A SCOPING REVIEW

Background: In developing countries, the lack of accessible, affordable and acceptable orthodox care makes a significant proportion of the populace patronize the nearby available and cheap traditional birth attendants (TBAs) that share similar local custom and tradition. Although there are widely diverging shreds of evidence regarding their effectiveness as health care providers, they may have a limited role as a workforce during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic where the more community-based distribution of commodities is increasingly considered due to movement restrictions. However, it is still doubtful if their integration into the formal health system may substantially contribute to basic health care delivery especially in the rural often hard to reach areas. Objectives: To explore the various roles of TBAs in reproductive health service delivery with implication for redefining their roles especially with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: We searched and reviewed relevant literature on TBAs in PubMed, Africa Journals Online (AJOL) and Google scholar and relevant institutional websites for the role of TBAs pre and during the pandemic. The databases searched yielded 92 articles of potential significance to this review. After title/abstract review, 65 articles were moved to full document review. Nineteen articles explicitly and strictly focusing on TBAs concerning reproductive health were included in this review. Results: TBAs are providers of a wide range of reproductive health services and training to expand their roles and makes them safer is necessary for any consideration of their engagement; this implies the fight against COVID-19. TBAs should only be engaged if the gap in the resources for health must be filled by leveraging on their existing traditional roles and acceptance in the community. Conclusion: TBAs are widely utilised providers of care to their communities especially in the area of maternal care. With increasing emphasis on community-based services in healthcare delivery and the emergence of COVID-19, their roles must be reviewed and updated regularly to redefine their role in the health care delivery system especially because of the myriad personal and technical limitations associated with them. Any engagement with them should be with caution and as a stop-gap measure

Development of a self-sufficient Ad Hoc Sensor to Perform Electrical impedance tomography measurements from within imaged space

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is an ill-posed problem whereby there are insufficient measured data to solve for a large amount of unknowns (finite elements). Conventionally, EIT measurements are performed on the boundary of an object or a process vessel. This results in a lower spatial resolution in central regions far off the conventional periphery electrodes. This paper presents the development of a self-sufficient EIT sensor with an aim to obtain EIT measurements from any locality within the object or the process vessel. An ad hoc EIT sensor that performs the current injection and voltage measurement around two pairs of electrodes is developed. The sensor consists of a current source, voltage amplifier, multiplexers, and microcontroller. Tests were conducted on a phantom tank. The sensor successfully performs localized voltage measurements from the interior of the imaged space with channel SNR average of 15dB

Vascular biomarkers derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI predict response of vestibular schwannoma to antiangiogenic therapy in type 2 neurofibromatosis.

BACKGROUND: Antiangiogenic therapy of vestibular schwannoma (VS) in type 2 neurofibromatosis can produce tumor shrinkage with response rates of 40%–60%. This study examines the predictive value of parameter-derived MRI in this setting. METHODS: Twelve patients with 20 VSs were recruited. Each had at least one rapidly growing tumor. Patients were treated with bevacizumab, 5 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Patients with stable or reduced VS volume were maintained at 2.5–5 mg every 4 weeks after 6 months. Those who failed treatment had their bevacizumab discontinued. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI performed prior to treatment using a high temporal resolution technique, and data were analyzed to allow measurement of contrast transfer coefficient (K(trans)), vascular fraction (v(p)), extravascular-extracellular fraction (v(e)). Relaxation rate (R1(N)) was measured using a variable flip angle technique. Apparent diffusional coefficient (ADC) was calculated from diffusion-weighted imaging. The predictive power of microvascular parameters and ADC were examined using logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: Responding tumors were larger (P < .001), had lower R1(N) (P < .001), and higher K(trans) (P < .05) and ADC (P < .01). They showed increases in R1(N) (P < .01) and reduction of K(trans) (P < .01) and ADC (P < .01). Modeling to predict response demonstrated significant independent predictive power for R1(N) (Β = − 0.327, P < .001), and K(trans) (Β = 0.156, P < .05). Modeling to predict percentage change in tumor volume at 90 days identified baseline tumor volume (Β = 5.503, P < .05), R1(N) (Β = − 5.844, P < .05), and K(trans) (Β = 5.622, P < .05) as independent significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with type 2 neurofibromatosis, biomarkers from DCE-MRI are predictive of VS volume response to inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition

Superconformal Flavor Simplified

A simple explanation of the flavor hierarchies can arise if matter fields interact with a conformal sector and different generations have different anomalous dimensions under the CFT. However, in the original study by Nelson and Strassler many supersymmetric models of this type were considered to be 'incalculable' because the R-charges were not sufficiently constrained by the superpotential. We point out that nearly all such models are calculable with the use of a-maximization. Utilizing this, we construct the simplest vector-like flavor models and discuss their viability. A significant constraint on these models comes from requiring that the visible gauge couplings remain perturbative throughout the conformal window needed to generate the hierarchies. However, we find that there is a small class of simple flavor models that can evade this bound.Comment: 43 pages, 1 figure; V3: small corrections and clarifications, references adde

Magnetar-like X-ray Bursts from an Anomalous X-ray Pulsar

Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs) are a class of rare X-ray pulsars whose energy source has been perplexing for some 20 years. Unlike other, better understood X-ray pulsars, AXPs cannot be powered by rotation or by accretion from a binary companion, hence the designation ``anomalous.'' AXP rotational and radiative properties are strikingly similar to those of another class of exotic objects, the Soft Gamma Repeaters (SGRs). However, the defining property of SGRs, namely their low-energy gamma-ray and X-ray bursts, have heretofore not been seen in AXPs. SGRs are thought to be ``magnetars,'' young neutron stars powered by the decay of an ultra-high magnetic field. The suggestion that AXPs are magnetars has been controversial. Here we report the discovery, from the direction of AXP 1E 1048-5937, of two X-ray bursts that have many properties similar to those of SGR bursts. These events imply a close relationship between AXPs and SGRs, with both being magnetars.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Nature. Note: The content of this paper is embargoed until 1900 hrs London time / 1400 US Eastern Time on Sept 1