Pembentukan cekung berkualiti tinggi menggunakan tempoh penganodan yang singkat bagi penghasilan AAO

Kualiti membran AAO yang disediakan melalui teknik penganodan dua peringkat adalah sangat dipengaruhi oleh pra-pembentukan cekung yang dihasilkan semasa penganodan pertama. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan tempoh penganodan yang optimum bagi menghasilkan cekung yang berkualiti. Penganodan dilakukan menggunakan larutan 0.3 M H2C2O4 sebagai elektrolit dengan beza keupayaan dan suhu masing-masing ditetapkan pada 40 V dan 18°C. Proses penganodan dilakukan sehingga 6 jam. Perubahan nilai arus sepanjang tempoh penganodan direkodkan. Selepas penyingkiran lapisan oksida, kualiti cekung yang terbentuk dikaji menggunakan FESEM. Mikrograf FESEM mengesahkan pembentukan cekung berstruktur heksagon adalah seragam. Selain memperbaiki keseragaman, pertambahan tempoh penganodan telah membentuk cekung yang lebih jelas, tersusun serta kecacatan yang minimum. Keputusan kajian mendapati bahawa tempoh optimum bagi mendapatkan cekung yang seragam dan sempurna adalah antara 4 dan 6 jam. Ini kerana pertambahan tempoh penganodan seterusnya akan menyebabkan keruntuhan dinding cekung yang akhirnya menjadi punca kepada pembentukan liang yang bersentuhan antara satu sama lain. Selain itu, mekanisma penghasilan bentuk cekung turut dibincangkan

Nifedipine versus atosiban in the treatment of threatened preterm labour (Assessment of Perinatal Outcome after Specific Tocolysis in Early Labour: APOSTEL III-Trial)

Background: Preterm birth is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Postponing delivery for 48 hours with tocolytics to allow for maternal steroid administration and antenatal transportation to a centre wit

Applications of electrified dust and dust devil electrodynamics to Martian atmospheric electricity

Atmospheric transport and suspension of dust frequently brings electrification, which may be substantial. Electric fields of 10 kVm-1 to 100 kVm-1 have been observed at the surface beneath suspended dust in the terrestrial atmosphere, and some electrification has been observed to persist in dust at levels to 5 km, as well as in volcanic plumes. The interaction between individual particles which causes the electrification is incompletely understood, and multiple processes are thought to be acting. A variation in particle charge with particle size, and the effect of gravitational separation explains to, some extent, the charge structures observed in terrestrial dust storms. More extensive flow-based modelling demonstrates that bulk electric fields in excess of 10 kV m-1 can be obtained rapidly (in less than 10 s) from rotating dust systems (dust devils) and that terrestrial breakdown fields can be obtained. Modelled profiles of electrical conductivity in the Martian atmosphere suggest the possibility of dust electrification, and dust devils have been suggested as a mechanism of charge separation able to maintain current flow between one region of the atmosphere and another, through a global circuit. Fundamental new understanding of Martian atmospheric electricity will result from the ExoMars mission, which carries the DREAMS (Dust characterization, Risk Assessment, and Environment Analyser on the Martian Surface)-MicroARES (Atmospheric Radiation and Electricity Sensor) instrumentation to Mars in 2016 for the first in situ measurements

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (younger than 50 years) is rising globally, the reasons for which are unclear. It appears to represent a unique disease process with different clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics compared with late-onset colorectal cancer. Data on oncological outcomes are limited, and sensitivity to conventional neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy regimens appear to be unknown. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on early-onset colorectal cancer. Within the next decade, it is estimated that 1 in 10 colon cancers and 1 in 4 rectal cancers will be diagnosed in adults younger than 50 years. Potential risk factors include a Westernized diet, obesity, antibiotic usage, and alterations in the gut microbiome. Although genetic predisposition plays a role, most cases are sporadic. The full spectrum of germline and somatic sequence variations implicated remains unknown. Younger patients typically present with descending colonic or rectal cancer, advanced disease stage, and unfavorable histopathological features. Despite being more likely to receive neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, patients with early-onset disease demonstrate comparable oncological outcomes with their older counterparts. The clinicopathological features, underlying molecular profiles, and drivers of early-onset colorectal cancer differ from those of late-onset disease. Standardized, age-specific preventive, screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies are required to optimize outcomes

GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE (GMR): SPINNING FROM RESEARCH TO ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY

In this paper, we aim to examine the research and development of materials demonstrating the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) property, a novel material property that has revolutionalised the advances of magnetic sensor and mass-memory technology today. A comprehensive outline for the fundamental materials aspects as well as the physics of the underlying mechanisms behind the GMR property is given. Recent development of GMR materials in data storage industry and other potential technological applications exploiting the GMR property are also discussed

Attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination: A comparison between persons with different chronicity of pre-pandemic depressive, anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders

Stress-related psychiatric disorders across the life spa

Complete genome sequence of Pandoraea thiooxydans DSM 25325T, a thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium

Pandoraea thiooxydans DSM 25325T is a thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soils of a sesame plant. Here, we present the first complete genome of P. thiooxydans DSM 25325T. Several genes involved in thiosulfate oxidation and biodegradation of aromatic compounds were identified

Gold catalysed growth of silicon nanowires and core-shell heterostructures via solid-liquid-solid process and galvanic displacement

Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were first synthesised using Au coated p type Si (100) substrate via the solid-liquid-solid (SLS) process. The growth parameters were selectively varied to achieve various stages of growth for studying their effects on the morphology and microstructures of the nanowires (NWs). The SLS growth of SiNWs is discussed in the context of the experimental conditions used. Straight NWs of large aspect ratios, good crystallinity and morphology were generally obtained at a growth temperature of 1000 degrees C along with some worm-like amorphous structures. Te-Si NW core-shell structures were subsequently obtained via post-growth galvanic displacement of the SiNWs in an acidic HF electrolyte containing HTeO(2)(+) ions. The core-shell structures obtained were decorated with Te nanoparticles. This increases the NW surface areas and should have great potential in non-reflecting, photovoltaic and thermoelectric applications. Growth study on the SiNWs and Te-Si core-shell structures is presented using various microscopy, diffraction and probe based techniques for structural, morphological and chemical characterisations