34,278 research outputs found
Computer simulations of iron in magnesium silicate perovskite
We use atomistic computer simulation techniques to investigate the site partitioning of iron in (Mg,Fe)SiO_{3} perovskites. Our calculations predict that the most energetically favourable reaction for iron substitution will be a direct exchange of Fe^{2+} for Mg^{2+}. Substitution of Fe into the octahedral site and Si into the 8–12 fold coordinated site, as proposed by Jackson et al. [1987], is predicted to be extremely unlikely
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Imbibition dynamics of nano-particulate ink-jet drops on micro-porous media
Ink-jet printing of nano-metallic colloidal fluids on to
porous media such as coated papers has become a viable
method to produce conductive tracks for low-cost,
disposable printed electronic devices. However, the
formation of well-defined and functional tracks on an
absorbing surface is controlled by the drop imbibition
dynamics in addition to the well-studied post-impact drop
spreading behavior.
This study represents the first investigation of the realtime
imbibition of ink-jet deposited nano-Cu colloid drops
on to coated paper substrates. In addition, the same ink was
deposited on to a non-porous polymer surface as a control
substrate. By using high-speed video imaging to capture the
deposition of ink-jet drops, the time-scales of drop
spreading and imbibition were quantified and compared
with model predictions. The influences of the coating pore
size on the bulk absorption rate and nano-Cu particle
distribution have also been studied
Generalized Mittag-Leffler Distributions and Processes for Applications in Astrophysics and Time Series Modeling
Geometric generalized Mittag-Leffler distributions having the Laplace
transform is
introduced and its properties are discussed. Autoregressive processes with
Mittag-Leffler and geometric generalized Mittag-Leffler marginal distributions
are developed. Haubold and Mathai (2000) derived a closed form representation
of the fractional kinetic equation and thermonuclear function in terms of
Mittag-Leffler function. Saxena et al (2002, 2004a,b) extended the result and
derived the solutions of a number of fractional kinetic equations in terms of
generalized Mittag-Leffler functions. These results are useful in explaining
various fundamental laws of physics. Here we develop first-order autoregressive
time series models and the properties are explored. The results have
applications in various areas like astrophysics, space sciences, meteorology,
financial modeling and reliability modeling.Comment: 12 pages, LaTe
Origin of atmospheric aerosols at the Pierre Auger Observatory using backward trajectory of air masses
The Pierre Auger Observatory is the largest operating cosmic ray observatory
ever built. Calorimetric measurements of extensive air showers induced by
cosmic rays are performed with a fluorescence detector. Thus, one of the main
challenges is the monitoring of the atmosphere, both in terms of atmospheric
state variables and optical properties. To better understand the atmospheric
conditions, a study of air mass trajectories above the site is presented. Such
a study has been done using an air-modelling program well known in atmospheric
sciences. Its validity has been checked using meteorological radiosonde
soundings performed at the Pierre Auger Observatory. Finally, aerosol
concentration values measured by the Central Laser Facility are compared to
backward trajectories.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures -- ECRS'12 European Cosmic Ray Symposium (July,
3-7, 2012) at Moscow, Russi
Evaluation of activated sludge treatment and settleability in remediation of edible oil effluent
Wastewater discharged from the edible oil industry contains a very concentrated amalgamation of organic and inorganic materials making it a problematic effluent to treat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activated sludge treatment of edible oil effluent from a sunflower oil processing company in KwaZulu-Natal. A 28 ℓ laboratory-scale modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) activated sludge process was used to treat refinery effluent from the industry. Pre-flocculation of the effluent was necessary to remove the bulk of the fats, oils and greases (FOG) prior to treatment. Routine analyses of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (TP), total suspended solids (TSS), dilute sludge volume index (DSVI) and FOG were conducted in conjunction with microscopic analyses of floc structure, filamentous bacteria and protozoa. An average COD removal of 81% was obtained for the flocculated effluent, at a 15 d sludge age and 24 h hydraulic retention time. However, significantly high TSS values were observed in the treated effluent as a result of sludge-oil aggregation, pin-point floc formation and high numbers of freeswimming bacteria. Microscopic analysis confirmed an absence of filamentous bacteria resulting in poor floc formation, subject to shearing. Periods of soybean oil effluent addition, however, resulted in sludge bulking with DSVI measurements as high as 770 mℓ /g. Fluctuating protozoan populations were also correlated to fluctuating TSS values and were found to be negatively impacted by uncontrolled pre-flocculation.
Water SA Vol.29(3) 2003: 245-25
The Sphaleron Rate in SU(N) Gauge Theory
The sphaleron rate is defined as the diffusion constant for topological
number NCS = int g^2 F Fdual/32 pi^2. It establishes the rate of equilibration
of axial light quark number in QCD and is of interest both in electroweak
baryogenesis and possibly in heavy ion collisions. We calculate the
weak-coupling behavior of the SU(3) sphaleron rate, as well as making the most
sensible extrapolation towards intermediate coupling which we can. We also
study the behavior of the sphaleron rate at weak coupling at large Nc.Comment: 18 pages with 3 figure
Operational Semantics of Process Monitors
CSPe is a specification language for runtime monitors that can directly
express concurrency in a bottom-up manner that composes the system from
simpler, interacting components. It includes constructs to explicitly flag
failures to the monitor, which unlike deadlocks and livelocks in conventional
process algebras, propagate globally and aborts the whole system's execution.
Although CSPe has a trace semantics along with an implementation demonstrating
acceptable performance, it lacks an operational semantics. An operational
semantics is not only more accessible than trace semantics but also
indispensable for ensuring the correctness of the implementation. Furthermore,
a process algebra like CSPe admits multiple denotational semantics appropriate
for different purposes, and an operational semantics is the basis for
justifying such semantics' integrity and relevance. In this paper, we develop
an SOS-style operational semantics for CSPe, which properly accounts for
explicit failures and will serve as a basis for further study of its
properties, its optimization, and its use in runtime verification
Pengaruh Roa, Der, Eps terhadap Return Saham Perusahaan Food And Beverage Bei
Return adalah tujuan dari investor untuk berinvestasi di pasar modal. Investor melakukan berbagai cara agar bisa mendapatkan return yang sesuai diinginkan, dengan melakukan analisis sendiri pada perilaku perdagangan suatu saham, ataupun dengan menggunakan sarana yang sudah disediakan dari analis di pasar modal. Informasi-informasi yang dapat digunakan sebagai tolak ukur tingkat return saham Perusahaan yang diteliti adalah ROA, DER, dan EPS. Perusahaan food and beverage dipilih sebagai populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2008-2012. Teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk mendapatkan jumlah sampel. Berdasarkan teknik tersebut, 10 Perusahaan diperoleh sebagai sampel. Teknik analisis regresi linier berganda digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan hasil bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat ROA dan EPS, maka semakin tinggi juga return sahamnya, hanya DER yang memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap return saham
Co-simulation setup for online model-assisted control design
For reduction of energy intensity of the building sector, effective and parsimonious
use of energy resources and climate control systems is a prerequisite. Intelligent
Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) can be key ingredients towards
achieving this goal; the incorporation of forecast data into the decision process can
help achieve improved performance compared to existing state-of-the-art
approaches. In the present paper, the potential of model-based supervisory control
design algorithms for automatically designing BEMS is evaluated by performing
experiments in a real building. A co-simulation setup is implemented where the
thermal simulation model of the building is warmed up using past sensed data and
then, given weather and occupancy forecasts, a controller is designed by solving a
constrained minimization problem. A stochastic optimization algorithm is used to
intelligently search the controller parameter space and identify a controller that
minimizes an energy-related cost function, subject to thermal comfort constraints. A
middleware solution is deployed in the building to facilitate two-way communication
between the building (sensing and actuation) layer and the algorithmic layer
Role of the mesoamygdaloid dopamine projection in emotional learning
Amygdala dopamine is crucially involved in the acquisition of Pavlovian associations, as measured via conditioned approach to the location of the unconditioned stimulus (US). However, learning begins before skeletomotor output, so this study assessed whether amygdala dopamine is also involved in earlier 'emotional' learning. A variant of the conditioned reinforcement (CR) procedure was validated where training was restricted to curtail the development of selective conditioned approach to the US location, and effects of amygdala dopamine manipulations before training or later CR testing assessed. Experiment 1a presented a light paired (CS+ group) or unpaired (CS- group) with a US. There were 1, 2 or 10 sessions, 4 trials per session. Then, the US was removed, and two novel levers presented. One lever (CR+) presented the light, and lever pressing was recorded. Experiment 1b also included a tone stimulus. Experiment 2 applied intra-amygdala R(+) 7-OH-DPAT (10 nmol/1.0 A mu l/side) before two training sessions (Experiment 2a) or a CR session (Experiment 2b). For Experiments 1a and 1b, the CS+ group preferred the CR+ lever across all sessions. Conditioned alcove approach during 1 or 2 training sessions or associated CR tests was low and nonspecific. In Experiment 2a, R(+) 7-OH-DPAT before training greatly diminished lever pressing during a subsequent CR test, preferentially on the CR+ lever. For Experiment 2b, R(+) 7-OH-DPAT infusions before the CR test also reduced lever pressing. Manipulations of amygdala dopamine impact the earliest stage of learning in which emotional reactions may be most prevalent
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