Pressure-Induced Topological Phase Transitions in CdGeSb2_2 and CdSnSb2_2

Topological quantum phase transitions (TQPTs) in a material induced by external perturbations are often characterized by band touching points in the Brillouin zone. The low-energy excitations near the degenerate band touching points host different types of fermions while preserving the topological protection of surface states. An interplay of different tunable topological phases offers an insight into the evolution of the topological character. In this paper, we study the occurrence of TQPTs as a function of hydrostatic pressure in CdGeSb$_2$ and CdSnSb$_2$ chalcopyrites, using the first-principles calculations. At ambient pressure, both materials are topological insulators having a finite band gap with inverted order of Sb-$s$ and Sb-$p_x$,$p_y$ orbitals of valence bands at the $\Gamma$ point. On the application of hydrostatic pressure the band gap reduces, and at the critical point of the phase transition, these materials turn into Dirac semimetals. On further increasing the pressure beyond the critical point, the band inversion is reverted making them trivial insulators. The pressure-induced change in band topology from non-trivial to trivial phase is also captured by L\"{u}ttinger model Hamiltonian calculations. Our model demonstrates the critical role played by a pressure-induced anisotropy in frontier bands in driving the phase transitions. These theoretical findings of peculiar coexistence of multiple topological phases in the same material provide a realistic and promising platform for the experimental realization of the TQPT.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

A study on relation between Pitta Pradhan Prakriti females and ovulation with the help of basal body temperature method

Prakriti indicates the predominance of natural Doshas which may interfere with the normal human physiology. The day of Ovulation may have some relation with Prakriti of females. In this competitive era females are facing many problems related to their menstruation such as painful menses, irregular menses, etc. in their adolescent age without any specific pathology in their reproductive system, which may cause problems related to infertility. Thus the present study enlightens the relation between Pitta Pradhan Prakriti females and Ovulation with the help of Basal Body Temperature method (BBT method). Methodology: To record the day of Ovulation in 30 Pitta Pradhan Prakriti females, basal body temperature method was selected. For confirmation, USG of ten females was done. Applications of proposed thought: In Pitta Pradhan Prakriti females by BBT method, we can observe that, whether the Ovulation is early or late as compared to normal 14th day of Ovulation and what are the effects of Pittadhikya on menstrual symptoms. Knowing the day of Ovulation will be helpful for identifying safe period and danger period. Conclusion: Pitta Pradhan Prakriti was found in 30 females. Vinishaya of Prakriti was done by percentage method and also by gradation method; grades were given on the basis of six Gunas. Day of Ovulation by B.B.T. method in Pitta Pradhan females was found to be the 14th and 15th day of menstrual cycle. Temperature rise on the day of Ovulation was found in the range 0.5°F - 0.7°F. By USG method, 90% results were matching related to day of Ovulation by BBT method

Multiple Triple-Point Fermions in Heusler Compounds

Using the density functional theoretical calculations, we report a new set of topological semimetals X$_{2}$YZ (X = \{Cu, Rh, Pd, Ag, Au, Hg\}, Y = \{Li, Na, Sc, Zn, Y, Zr, Hf, La, Pr, Pm, Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm\} and Z =\{Mg, Al, Zn, Ga, Y, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Ta, Sm\}), which show the existence of multiple topological triple point fermions along four independent $C_{3}$ axes. These fermionic quasiparticles have no analogues elementary particle in the standard model. The angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is simulated to obtain the exotic topological surface states and the characteristic Fermi arcs. The inclusion of spin-orbit coupling splits the triple-point into two Dirac points. The triple-point fermions are exhibited on the easily cleavable (111) surface and are well separated from the surface $\bar{\Gamma}$ point, allowing them to be resolved in the surface spectroscopic techniques. This intermediate linearly dispersive degeneracy between Weyl and Dirac points may offer prospective candidates for quantum transport applications

Effect Of Electrospun Nanofibers On The Short Beam Strength Of Laminated Fiberglass Composite

High specific modulus and strength are the most desirable properties for the material used in structural applications. Composite materials exhibit these properties and over the last decade, their usage has increased significantly, particularly in automotive, defense, and aerospace applications. The major cause of failures in composite laminates is due to delaminations. Delamination in composite laminates can occur due to fatigue, low velocity impact and other loadings modes. Conventional methods like “through-the-thickness stitching” or “Z-Pinning” have limitations for improving flexural and interlaminar properties in woven composites due to the fact that while improving interlaminar properties, the presence of stitches or Z pins affects inplane properties. This study investigates the flexural behavior of fiberglass composites interleaved with non-woven Tetra Ethyl Orthosilicate(TEOS) electrsopsun nanofibers(ENFs). TEOS ENFs were manufactured using an electrospinning technique and then sintered. Nanoengineered beams were fabricated by interleaving TEOS ENFs between the laminated fiberglass composites to improve the flexural properties. TEOS ENFs, resin film, and failed fiberglass laminated composites with and without nanofibers were characterized using SEM Imaging and ASTM standard testing methods. A hybrid composite was made by interleaving a non-woven sheet of TEOS ENFs between the fiberglass laminates with additional epoxy resin film and fabricated using the out of autoclave vacuum bagging method. Four commonly used stacking sequences of fiberglass laminates with and without nanofibers were used to study the progressive failure and deformation mechanics under flexural loadings. The experimental study has shown significant improvements in short beam strength and strain energy absorption in the nanoengineered laminated fiberglass 2 composites before complete failure. The modes were investigated by performing detailed fractographic examination of failed specimens. Experimental results were validated by developing a detailed three dimensional finite element model. Results of the progressive deformation and damage mechanics from the finite element model agreed well with the experimental results. Overall, nanoengineered beams showed improvement in the short beam strength and 30 % improvement in energy absorption as compared to a fiberglass beam without the presence of nanofibers

Glenohumeral Translations in Overhead Workers with Sub-Acromial Impingement Syndrome: A Review

Introduction: The third most common musculoskeletal condition is shoulder pain with a prevalence of up to 70%. The second most frequent shoulder condition is subacromial impingement syndrome. Impingement can be classified as either anterosuperior or posterosuperior. Faulty posture, altered scapular or glenohumeral kinematics, posterior capsular tightness, and acromial or coracoacromial arch pathology are all potential extrinsic mechanics that can lead to Subacromial impingement syndrome. The purpose of this review is to find the different variation in translation that takes place in the glenohumeral joint in Subacromial impingement syndrome in overhead workers. Methods: We performed a review of the various translations observed in the glenohumeral joint in subacromial impingement syndrome and discussed the evidence-based studies. For the review, an electronic search for relevant articles using PUBMED, Pedro, Research Gate, and Google Scholar databases up to Dec 2022 was done wherein MeSH search terms and free words were used. Articles underwent the selection process and were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. Articles were selected based on the author\u27s expertise, self-knowledge and reflective practice. Results: The current study included 11 articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria suggesting that various humeral translations in overhead workers. The above-reviewed studies provided evidence that based on occupational demands abnormal variations occur. Conclusion: This review has provided an overview of the previous and recent literature on humeral head translation seen in sub-acromial impingement. This study concludes that superior translation is more common as compared to anterior-superior translation and posterior-superior translation

Design, development and performance study of six-gap glass MRPC detectors

The Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) are gas ionization detectors with multiple gas sub-gaps made of resistive electrodes. The high voltage (HV) is applied on the outer surfaces of outermost resistive plates only, while the interior plates are left electrically floating. The presence of multiple narrow sub--gaps with high electric field results in faster signals on the outer electrodes, thus improving the detector's time resolution. Due to their excellent performance and relatively low cost, the MRPC detector has found potential application in Time-of-Flight (TOF) systems. Here we present the design, fabrication, optimization of the operating parameters such as the HV, the gas mixture composition, and, performance of six--gap glass MRPC detectors of area 27cm $\times$ 27 cm, which are developed in order to find application as trigger detectors, in TOF measurement etc. The design has been optimized with unique spacers and blockers to ensure a proper gas flow through the narrow sub-gaps, which are 250 $\mu$m wide. The gas mixture consisting of R134A, Isobutane and SF$_{6}$, and the fraction of each constituting gases has been optimized after studying the MRPC performance for a set of different concentrations. The counting efficiency of the MRPC is about 95% at $17.9$ kV. At the same operating voltage, the time resolution, after correcting for the walk effect, is found to be about $219$ ps.Comment: Revised version with 15 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal

The Secrets of Nimadi of Madhya Pradesh: The Nimar Culture

The subject of this study is the role of Nimari culture. The Nimar area, which is situated in Madhya Pradesh, is known for its unique regional culture that incorporates elements of both tribal Madhya Pradesh and Indian cultural history. Despite diverse traditions and customs, they follow and maintain customs and traditions of Indian tribal cultures and grow their culture into one of great wealth and prosperity. Everything about their lifestyle, way of life, manner of work, creativity, and the like, is much like what exists in current civilization. The amalgamation of many faiths, such as Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Jains, and Sikhs, are all wrapped up in their culture. There are a lot of people who like music, dancing, and the many folk songs of many villages. "Hamu kaka baba naporiya" is one of the villages where people get along well and express their love and compassion through song. Additionally, these individuals are very hard-working and loyal. They believe in treating other people the way they want to be treated because they consider other people as their own people with full spirit of faith, love, and devotion. Their way of life is full of colour and good times. They follow a variety of Indian rituals and traditions

An Adaptive Color Image Segmentation

A novel Adaptive Color Image Segmentation (ACIS) System for color image segmentation is presented. The proposed ACIS system uses a neural network with architecture similar to the multilayer perceptron (MLP) network. The main difference is that neurons here uses a multisigmoid activation function. The multisigmoid function is the key for segmentation. The number of steps i.e. thresholds in the multisigmoid function are dependant on the number of clusters in the image. The threshold values for detecting the clusters and their labels are found automatically from the first order derivative of histograms of saturation and intensity in the HSV color space. Here, the main use of neural network is to detect the number of objects automatically from an image. The advantage of this method is that no a priori knowledge is required to segment the color image. ACIS label the objects with their mean colors. The algorithm is found to be reliable and works satisfactorily on different kinds of color images. Experimental results show that the performance of ACIS is robust on noisy images also

Seasonal variation in rotifer diversity of temple ponds of Nashik District (M.S.) India

In the present investigation zooplankton diversity was studied during February 2010 to January 2011. Different zooplanktons were noticed during study period, amongst them rotifers are more dominant group than others. In the present study 17 genera recorded from rotifera and genus Brachionus is abundant and more common to both the ponds. The variation in diversity and density of rotifer is observed in different months and seasons