Curcuminoids Content and α-Glucosidase Inhibition of ExtractPromising Lines of Curcuma xanthorrhiza RoxB.

Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman obat Indonesia yang termasuk dalam keluarga Zingiberaceae. Kurkuminoid merupakan salah satu senyawa bioaktif dalam temulawak yang dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas biologi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan evaluasi kandungan kurkuminoid dan penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dari ekstrak empat aksesi temulawak asal Jawa Barat (Sukabumi), Jawa Tengah (Wonogiri dan Karanganyar), Jawa Timur (Ngawi), dan satu ekstrak asal Bogor-Jawa Barat. Simplisia temulawak tersebutdiekstraksi secara bertahap dengan etanol dan n-heksan. Kandungan kurkuminoid diukur dengan menggunakan metode HPLC. Aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dilakukan secara in vitro dengan microplate reader pada 410 nm. Aksesi temulawak asal Wonogiri menunjukkan kandungan kurkuminoid tertinggi, dengan hasil pengukuran antara 35,57- 85,19 mg/g. Nilai IC50 untuk aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase antara 333,27̵908,35 μg/mL, dengan IC50 terbaik adalah temulawak aksesi Wonogiri.Berdasarkan penelitian ini, aksesi temulawak asal Wonogiri sangat baik dalam hal kandungan kurkuminoid dan aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dibandingkan dengan aksesi asal Sukabumi, Karanganyar dan Ngawi, maupun dengan varietas asal Bogor.Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.is one type of Indonesian herbs derived from familyZingiberaceae. Curcuminoids is generally considered it’s most active constituent on C. xanthorrhizathat response biological activities. Present study evaluates the curcuminoids content and α-glucosidaseinhibition of the four extracts of promoting lines of C. xanthorrhiza from West Java (Sukabumi), CentralJava (Wonogiri and Karanganyar), East Java (Ngawi) and one extract varieties of C. xanthorrhiza from Bogor-West Java. For that purpose, dry-powdered of C.xanthorrhiza were sequentially extracted with ethanol and n-hexane. HPLC method was used to determine curcuminoids content. The α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of extracts C.xanthorrhiza was measured in vitro with microplate reader at 410 nm. The highest curcuminoids content were found to be in the promoting lines of C. xanthorrhiza from Wonogiri, which ranged from 35,57 ̵ 85,19 mg/g. IC50 values for α-glucosidase inhibitor activity ranged from 333,27 ̵ 908,35 μg/mL, with the promoting lines of C. xanthorrhiza from Wonogiri having the lowest value and therefore the most potent. In this study, the promoting lines of C.xanthorrhiza from Wonogiri exhibited most in curcuminoids content and α-glucosidase inhibitory than promoting lines from Sukabumi, Karanganyar, Ngawi, and varieties from Bogor

Characterization and Toxicity of Temulawak Curcuminoid Nanoparticles

Temulawak exctract contains curcuminoids which have anticancer potential. However, clinical application of curcuminoid has been limited due to its low bioavailability. One of the efforts that can be developed to solve this problem is incorporated curcuminoids into Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) carriers system. The objective of this study was to characterize dan evaluate anticancer potential of temulawak ethanolic fraction nanoparticles. HPLC method was used to determined curcuminoids content of temulawak ethanolic fraction. Characterization indicators like polydispersity index, particle size, morpholgy, and entrapment efficiency. HPLC chromatogram has shown of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin were found in temulawak ethanolic fraction. The particle size of nanoparticles obtained in this study was 648.4 ± 95 nm with polydispersity index value of 0.216. A uniform size distribution of nanoparticles as observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The entrapment efficiency of curcuminoid in nanoparticles was about 29.8%. Based on results of BSLT obtained temulawak extract Lethal Concentration (LC50) value of 213.24 ppm and 828.78 ppm of nanoparticles

Pelatihan Pembuatan Produk Olahan Ikan “Kripik Ikan Cakalang” untuk Meningkatkan Perekonomian Ibu-ibu Rumah Tangga pada PW GKI Siloam Waena

PW GKI Siloam merupakan persekutuan ibu-ibu yang memiliki peran membangun rohani tetapi juga berperan dalam pendidikan.  PW GKI  Siloam merupakan kumpulan ibu-ibu rumah tangga yang bekerja sebagai PNS, swasta dan sebagai ibu rumah tangga.  Sebagai ibu rumah tangga yang tidak memiliki penghasilan sangat kesulitan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pokok dan sekunder seperti kebutuhan makan atau kebutuhan pendidikan/sekolah anak-anak, mereka harus rela berhutang. Agar ibu-ibu tidak kesulitan dalam memenuhi  kebutuhan rumah tangga maka perlu diberikan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan skill kelompok ibu-ibu rumah tangga dalam PW GKI Siloam melalui transformasi teknologi pengolahan dan pengemasaran dengan bahan dasar ikan cakalang menjadi produk olahan kripik ikan cakalang.  Manfaat yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah (1) ibu-ibu rumah tangga mampu membuat produk olahan ikan “ Kripik Ikan Cakalang”, (2) Ibu-ibu rumah tangga memiliki jiwa wirausaha (2) ibu-ibu rumah tangga memiliki usaha dan penghasilan/ pendapatan untuk membantu perekonomian keluarga

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Temulawak Nanocurcuminoid Coated with Palmitic Acid in The Sprague Dawley Rat

Temulawak or Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, is usually used as traditional medicine (herbal medicine) that has antioxidant, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and gastroprotective properties. The main components contained in temulawak responsible for its efficacy as a medicine are xantorhizol and curcuminoid. Curcuminoid has drawbacks, which are difficult to absorb and very quickly metabolized by the body, so that limit its bioavailability. The use of solid lipid nanoparticle carrier system (SLN) in form of palmitic acid, is known to improve the bioavailability of curcuminoid. This study aims to find the effective dose of nanocurcuminoid coated with palmitic acid that can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent. The methods used in this study, include the production of nanocurcuminoid with homogenization and ultrasonication methods, determination of particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency and anti-inflammatory activity test through rat feet edema. Nanocurcuminoid obtained in this study was 561.53 nm in size, with polydispersity index 0.309 and concentrations of curcuminoid absorbed and entrapment efficiency were 0.61±0.031 mg/mL, 58.93±3.021%, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity of nanocurcuminoid through treated Sprague Dawley rats, showed that there were no significant difference compared with the positive control, curcuminoid extracts and empty nanoparticle. These results indicate that nanocurcuminoid with 175, 200 and 250 mg/kg.bw in doses, has greater anti-inflammatory activity (31.70%) compared to the other treatments

Adjuvant Effect of Killed Propionibacterium acnes on Mouse Peritoneal B-1 Lymphocytes and Their Early Phagocyte Differentiation

B-1 lymphocytes are the predominant cells in mouse peritoneal cavity. They express macrophage and lymphocyte markers and are divided into B-1a, B-1b and B-1c subtypes. The role of B-1 cells is not completely clear, but they are responsible for natural IgM production and seem to play a regulatory role. An enriched B-1b cell population can be obtained from non-adherent peritoneal cell cultures, and we have previously demonstrated that these cells undergo differentiation to acquire a mononuclear phagocyte phenotype upon attachment to the substrate in vitro. Nevertheless, the B-1 cell response to antigens or adjuvants has been poorly investigated. Because killed Propionibacterium acnes exhibits immunomodulatory effects on both macrophages and B-2 lymphocytes, we analyzed whether a killed bacterial suspension or its soluble polysaccharide (PS) could modulate the absolute number of peritoneal B-1 cells in BALB/c mice, the activation status of these cells and their ability to differentiate into phagocytes in vitro. In vivo, P. acnes treatment elevated the absolute number of all B-1 subsets, whereas PS only increased B-1c. Moreover, the bacterium increased the number of B-1b cells that were positive for MHC II, TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12, in addition to up-regulating TLR9, CD80 and CD86 expression. PS increased B-1b cell expression of TLR4, TLR9, CD40 and CD86, as well as IL-10 and IL-12 synthesis. Both of the treatments decreased the absolute number of B-1b cells in vitro, suggesting their early differentiation into B-1 cell-derived phagocytes (B-1CDP). We also observed a higher phagocytic activity from the phagocytes that were derived from B-1b cells after P. acnes and PS treatment. The adjuvant effect that P. acnes has on B-1 cells, mainly the B-1b subtype, reinforces the importance of B-1 cells in the innate and adaptive immune responses

Structural and Topographic Dynamics of Pulmonary Histopathology and Local Cytokine Profiles in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Conidia-Infected Mice

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), an endemic fungal infection of pulmonary origin resulting in severe disseminated disease, occurs in rural areas of most South American countries and presents several clinical forms. The infection is acquired by inhalation of specific fungal propagules, called conidia. Considering the difficulties encountered when studying the infection in humans, this work was done in mice infected by inhalation of infective fungal conidia thus mimicking the human natural infection. The lungs of mice were sequentially studied by histopathological and multiplex cytokine methods from 2 h to 16 weeks after infection to verify the course of the disease. The mycosis presented different morphologic aspects during the course of time, affecting several pulmonary compartments. Otherwise and based on the analysis of 30 cytokines, the immune response also showed heterogeneous responses, which were up or down regulated depending on the time of infection. By recognizing the different stages that correspond to the evolution of pulmonary lesions, the severity (benign, chronic or fibrotic) of the disease could be predicted and the probable prognosis of the illness be inferred