Havacılık sanayinde süreç optimizasyonu için kararlılık diyagramlarının kullanımı

Kararlılık diyagramları tırlama tipi titresimlerin önlenmesi amacıyla kullanılan ve deneme yanılma metotlarına göre çok hızlı sürede en uygun kesme parametrelerinin belirlenmesi için kullanılan araçlardır. Bu çalısmada havacılık sanayinde kararlılık diyagramlarının kullanımı ile ilgili örnekler ve ortaya çıkabilecek problemlere çözüm önerileri sunulmustur. Bilimse tabanlı yöntemler kullanılarak üretilen bir havacılık sanayi parçasında hem titresimler bertaraf edilmis hem de kesme zamanı %45 mertebelerinde azaltılmıstır

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung: a case report

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung (MEC) is a tumor of low malignant potential of bronchial gland origin. MEC and adenoid cystic carcinoma are both considered to be salivary gland-type neoplasms. MECs are comparatively rare with an incidence of all lung cancers. We recently encountered a case of this type of lung cancer. A 60-year-old man was found to have an abnormal shadow in the left lower lung field on a regular check-up for lung cancer at his company. Chest radiography and CT revealed a mass shadow measuring 30 mm in diameter in the left lower lung field. Bronchoscopy revealed a protuberant tumor in the S9 bronchus, leading to a diagnosis of low-grade MEC by transbronchial lung biopsy. He underwent left lower lobe resection and mediastinal lymph node dissection using VATS. Tumor cells had a scattering of mucus-producing epithelial components in papillary growth of stratified squamous epithelia with anisokaryosis and minimal pleomorphism, indicating a diagnosis of MEC. Because the postoperative course was good and the tumor was low-grade, no adjuvant treatment was administered. The patient has had no signs of tumor recurrence for 9 months, to date, since resection of the tumo

Functional overlap of microtubule assembly factors in chromatin-promoted spindle assembly

Author Posting. © American Society for Cell Biology, 2009. This article is posted here by permission of American Society for Cell Biology for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Molecular Biology of the Cell 20 (2009): 2766-2773, doi:10.1091/mbc.E09-01-0043.Distinct pathways from centrosomes and chromatin are thought to contribute in parallel to microtubule nucleation and stabilization during animal cell mitotic spindle assembly, but their full mechanisms are not known. We investigated the function of three proposed nucleation/stabilization factors, TPX2, {gamma}-tubulin and XMAP215, in chromatin-promoted assembly of anastral spindles in Xenopus laevis egg extract. In addition to conventional depletion-add back experiments, we tested whether factors could substitute for each other, indicative of functional redundancy. All three factors were required for microtubule polymerization and bipolar spindle assembly around chromatin beads. Depletion of TPX2 was partially rescued by the addition of excess XMAP215 or EB1, or inhibiting MCAK (a Kinesin-13). Depletion of either {gamma}-tubulin or XMAP215 was partially rescued by adding back XMAP215, but not by adding any of the other factors. These data reveal functional redundancy between specific assembly factors in the chromatin pathway, suggesting individual proteins or pathways commonly viewed to be essential may not have entirely unique functions.This work was supported by the American Cancer Society (grant PF0711401 to T. J. Maresca), the National Cancer Institute (grant CA078048-09 to T. J. Mitchison) and the National Institutes of Health (grant F32GM080049 to J. C. Gatlin and grant GM24364 to E. D. Salmon)

Phosphoproteomic differences in major depressive disorder postmortem brains indicate effects on synaptic function

There is still a lack in the molecular comprehension of major depressive disorder (MDD) although this condition affects approximately 10% of the world population. Protein phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification that regulates approximately one-third of the human proteins involved in a range of cellular and biological processes such as cellular signaling. Whereas phosphoproteome studies have been carried out extensively in cancer research, few such investigations have been carried out in studies of psychiatric disorders. Here, we present a comparative phosphoproteome analysis of postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tissues from 24 MDD patients and 12 control donors. Tissue extracts were analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in a data-independent manner (LC-MSE). Our analyses resulted in the identification of 5,195 phosphopeptides, corresponding to 802 non-redundant proteins. Ninety of these proteins showed differential levels of phosphorylation in tissues from MDD subjects compared to controls, being 20 differentially phosphorylated in at least 2 peptides. The majority of these phosphorylated proteins were associated with synaptic transmission and cellular architecture not only pointing out potential biomarker candidates but mainly shedding light to the comprehension of MDD pathobiology

The elegans of spindle assembly

The Caenorhabditis elegans one-cell embryo is a powerful system in which to study microtubule organization because this large cell assembles both meiotic and mitotic spindles within the same cytoplasm over the course of 1 h in a stereotypical manner. The fertilized oocyte assembles two consecutive acentrosomal meiotic spindles that function to reduce the replicated maternal diploid set of chromosomes to a single-copy haploid set. The resulting maternal DNA then unites with the paternal DNA to form a zygotic diploid complement, around which a centrosome-based mitotic spindle forms. The early C. elegans embryo is amenable to live-cell imaging and electron tomography, permitting a detailed structural comparison of the meiotic and mitotic modes of spindle assembly

Age-Related Changes in Human Tendo Calcaneus Collagen Fibrils

Objectives: The ruptures of tendo calcaneus often occur between the age of 30 - 45 years as described by several textbooks. It is also described that some diseases and drugs are said to be responsible in the etiology; however, there are no studies related with the detailed histological structure of collagen fibrils found in the tendon in the age groups of humans. In view thereof, this study was aimed to obtain further information on the etiology and to find an answer regarding the frequency of the ruptures occurring between the age of 30 - 45 years in humans. Methods: In the study, the biopsy specimens taken from 28 patients (ages I - 68 year) who had undergone surgery due to tendo calcaneus ruptures or achilloplasty operation were examined by transmission electron microscope. All the specimens were prepared according to routine electron microscopic tissue preparation technique. The patients were divided into 7 age groups (I - 9, 10 - 19, 20 - 29, 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50 - 59, > 60 years) and there were 4 patients in each group. The transverse diameters of collagen fibers were measured from the ultra thin sections and statistical analysis of the results were performed. The study was carried out in the electron microscopy laboratory of the Anatomy Department of Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey between January 2004 and September 2004. Results: The diameters of the collagen fibers were higher in the 20 - 29 year-old group compared to other groups and it showed a statistically significant difference. In patients who were in the 30 - 39 year-old group or older, the diameters of the collagen fibers were lesser than the 20 - 29 year-old group. However, an increase was observed in the collagen fibril concentration of these groups. In examination of the specimens of patients who were under 20-year-old, the diameter of the collagen fibers were less than the 20 - 29 year-old group. The electron microscopic appearance of the tissue sample of a one-year-old patient had a specific organization and in this patient, both the diameters and concentration of collagen fibers were less. Conclusion: We believe that the decrease in the diameters of collagen fibers of 30 - 45 year-old patients who are in the active period of their life, can play a role in the etiology of the frequency of tendo calcaneus ruptures similar to other etiologic factors.Wo

The examination of the personality traits and optimal performance mood of the university athletes

Background and Study Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between personality traits and optimal performance mood in response to gender, sports branch, weekly training hours of the athletes competing in the university league variables. Material and Methods: A total of 250 volunteer athletes from 17 universities, 75 female and 175 male, participated in the study. 95 of the athletes are basketball and 155 are volleyball players. In addition to the personal information form which includes demographic information prepared by the researchers, “Optimal Performance Mood Scale” developed by Jackson and Eklund (2004) and adapted to Turkish by Aşçı et al. (2007) and “5-factor personality traits scale” developed by Benet-Martinez, John (1998) and adapted to Turkish by Schmitt, Allik, McCrae and Benet-Martinez (2007) were applied to the participants. Frequency analysis was applied in order to determine the participants’ demographic information based on the statistical data analysis, and unpaired t-test was applied to determine the personal traits and optimal performance mood scores in response to gender, branch, weekly training sessions. Furthermore, in order to determine the relationship between that personal traits and optimal performance moods correlation test was applied. Statistical significance level was accepted as p <0.05. Results: As a result of the analysis of the data obtained; while there was no significant difference between the athletes according to the gender variable, it was concluded that there was a significant difference between sports branch, weekly sport variables and personality traits and optimal performance moods. In addition, a positive correlation was found between the participants' personality traits and optimal performance moods as a result of the correlation test (r=0,608). Conclusions: This study has proved that personality traits and optimal performance moods effect one another positively and gender variable makes no significant difference. Yet, sport branches and weekly training hours makes meaningful differences between general and subscales scores

Response of Mycorrhiza-Inoculated Pepper and Amino Acids to Salt Treatment at Different Ratios

WOS: 000456290800010Mycorrhiza has attracted interest as one of the microorganisms that increase a crop's salt stress tolerance. This study was conducted to determine the impacts of mycorrhiza inoculation and applying salt at different ratios on the yield of peppers and amino acid concentrations. The study was conducted in greenhouse conditions on loamy soils with four salt treatments, two mycorrhiza inoculations and a control in a complete randomized block design. The present study indicated that salt treatment alone was significantly correlated with crop stem and root amino acid concentrations, RWC% and leaf sizes, whereas applying mycorrhiza showed a positive relationship to stem height, stem and root wet weight, and root amino acids but led to a decloine in root serine and glutamine, and stem amino acid and glutamine. In conclusion, inoculating with mycorrhiza was observed to make a positive contribution to salt stress tolerance at different levels in almost all the parameters examined