Radion Flavor Violation in Warped Extra Dimension

We analyze the flavor violation in warped extra dimension due to radion mediation. We show that \Delta S=2 and \Delta B=2 flavor violating processes impose stringent constraints on radion mass, m_\phi and the scale \Lambda_\phi. In particular, for \Lambda_\phi ~ O(1) TeV, B_d^0-\bar{B}^0_d implies that m_\phi ~ 65 GeV. We also study radion contributions to lepton flavor violating processes: \tau -> (e,\mu) \phi, \tau -> e\mu^+\mu^- and B -> l_i l_j. We show that BR(B_s -> \mu^+ \mu^-) can be of order 10^{-8}, which is reachable at the LHCb. The radion search at LHC, through the flavor violation decays into \tau \mu or top-charm quarks, is also considered.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figure

Lateral and medial tibial plateau angles in normal dogs An osteological study

OCAL, M. Kamil/0000-0001-7723-5586WOS: 000333435600010PubMed: 24317701Objectives: To measure lateral and medial tibial plateau angle values in isolated canine tibiae and to compare lateral and medial tibial plateau angle values between dogs based on sex and breed. Methods: Tibiae of 90 dogs from 24 different breeds were used. Photographs were taken of the medial and lateral aspects of the tibiae for measurement of the medial and lateral tibial plateau angles. Additionally, the medial tibial plateau angle was measured from radiographs of the tibiae. Two-way analysis of variance was used to test the effects of side, sex and breed on the medial and lateral tibial plateau angles as measured from photographs as well as the medial tibial plateal angles as measured from radiographs. The photographic and radiographic medial tibial plateau angles were compared by paired t-test, whereas the medial and lateral photographic tibial plateau angles were compared by t-test. Results: When all dogs were included in the analysis, the difference between the mean medial tibial plateau angle (24.0 +/- 3.19 degrees) and the mean lateral tibial plateau angle (25.5 +/- 3.84 degrees) as measured from photographs was significant (p < 0.05). The difference in the photographic medial tibial plateau angle between male and female dogs was significant (p < 0.05), whereas the difference in the photographic lateral tibial plateau angle between sexes was not significant. There was a significant difference between the medial and lateral tibial plateau angles as measured from photographs in male dogs (p < 0.05) but not in female dogs. Breed comparisons also showed significant differences for the photographic lateral tibial plateau angle (p < 0.05). Clinical significance: The axial rotation of the femoral condyles on the tibial plateau is probably affected by the discrepancy between the medial and lateral tibial plateau angles, and this difference in certain breeds might influence the prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament disease

Comparison of goniometric measurements of the stifle joint in seven breeds of normal dogs

OCAL, M. Kamil/0000-0001-7723-5586WOS: 000376552800008PubMed: 26898480Objective: To compare the goniometric measurements of the stifle joint in seven dog breeds, and to determine the relationship among goniometric measurements, age, body weight, tibial plateau angle, crus and thigh circumferences, and widths of quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles in healthy dogs. Methods: We used a total of 126 dogs from seven different breeds, and recorded the angle of the stifle joint at standing, extension, and flexion together with the range of motion (ROM). The circumferences of the thigh and crus were also measured. Mediolateral radiographic projections of the tibia and the femur were obtained from the dogs, and the tibial plateau angles, as well as the widths of quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles, were measured from these images. Results: Neither the sex of the dog nor the differences in the side measured affected the goniometric measurements of the stifle joint. The standing, extension, flexion, and ROM angles were different among the breeds. The standard deviations of the standing and extension angles were small relative to their means, but the standard deviations of the flexion angle were large relative to their means in all breeds. Body weight and muscular measurements were the most influential factors on the stifle flexion angle and ROM. Clinical significance: Breed differences, body weights, and muscle mass should be taken into consideration during assessment of the stifle function using goniometric measurements.Adnan Menderes UniversityAdnan Menderes University [VTF-13016]This article was prepared from a section of unpublished data of the first author's PhD thesis and was supported by a grant from the Scientific Research Projects of Adnan Menderes University (VTF-13016). The authors thank Professor Dr. Mehmet N. Orman, for his helpful comments on the statistical analyses, and Yirtimci Limited Company, Aydin-Turkey, for providing permission and training in the use of their SolidWorks software

Effect of anatomic variation in caudal tibial plateau on the tibial plateau angle in dogs: a cadaveric study

OCAL, M. Kamil/0000-0001-7723-5586WOS: 000325259800006PubMed: 24003987Objectives: To determine the effect of using two different landmarks to identify the caudal point on the joint orientation line in the sagittal plane in tibial plateau angle measurement in dogs: the caudal margin of the medial condyle as the anatomic tibial plateau angle and the tibial insertion of the caudal cruciate ligament as the conventional tibial plateau angle. Methods: A total of 170 tibiae from 85 mid- and large-breed dogs were used. The two joint orientation lines were drawn on photographic images of the bones. The angles between the line perpendicular to the tibial axis and the two lines were then measured as the anatomic and conventional tibial plateau angle. Results: The mean conventional tibial plateau angle (25.2+/- 2.60 degrees) and anatomic tibial plateau angle (23.5 +/- 2.59 degrees) differed significantly (P<0.001), and the degree of this difference varied significantly among seven breeds (P<0.01). Clinical Significance: The results of this study suggest that the locations of the caudal margin of the medial condyle and the tibial insertion of the caudal cruciate ligament differed, leading to inconsistent identification of the joint orientation line depending on the landmark used

Variation of tibial plateau geometry and cruciate ligament coordinates in six breeds of dogs

Onar, Vedat/0000-0002-8359-243X; OCAL, M. Kamil/0000-0001-7723-5586WOS: 000316922300007PubMed: 23154751Objectives: The first aim of this study was to examine whether or not variations concerning the conformational characteristics of the proximal surface of the tibial plateau exist among six different dog breeds as well as within the same breed. The second aim of this study was to determine the coordinates of the cruciate ligaments. Methods: One hundred and four tibias of 52 mature dogs from six different breeds were used. Photographs of the proximal surface of tibial plateau were taken, and measurements for the length, width and area of the tibial plateau, and the lateral and medial condyles were taken. In addition, the intercondylar width, height of Gerdy's tubercle, popliteal notch depth, and extensor groove depth were measured and recorded. The quotients from these measurements were calculated and compared amongst the dog breeds. The coordinates of the cruciate ligaments, according to the centre of tibial plateau, were also determined. Results: Based on the calculated quotients, variations in the geometry of the tibial plateau geometry were common among the breeds. Within the same breed, on the other hand, length and width measurements of the tibial plateau were the least variable parameters among the other parameters examined. The cranial cruciate ligament was located in front of the surface centre of tibial plateau in all breeds. The position of cranial cruciate ligament was more variable in the craniocaudal direction than that observed in the mediolateral direction; this was the exact opposite of caudal cruciate ligament. Clinical significance: The inter-breed variations of the quotients determined in the present study may facilitate attempts aimed to assess the risk factors of stifle joint injury and to design total knee prostheses

Relationship between pinguecula formation and exposure to tandoor ovens in a hospital-based study

AIM: To investigate the relationship between pinguecula and the use of tandoor ovens. METHODS: A total of 539 women, ranging in age from 20 to 86y who attended an outpatient clinic were enrolled. All the patients were asked whether they used tandoor ovens. Women exposed to tandoor ovens (n= 286) were accepted as participants in the study group and they were compared with participants in the control group (n =253). The age, presence of pinguecula, duration of exposure to tandoor ovens as years and occupations were recorded for all the subjects. RESULTS: Mean duration for exposure to tandoor was 20.26y (range 1 -62y) in the study group. The rate of pinguecula in the study group was 82.2% (235/286), and the rate in the control group was 37.5% (95/253); this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Pinguecula was seen in 61.2% (330/539) of all the participants. CONCLUSION: Pinguecula is strongly associated with exposure to tandoor ovens. © 2014, Int J Ophthalmol. All rights reserved