Investigation of Compact Low Pass Filter with Sharp Cut–Off using Metamaterial

In this paper a new compact microstrip Bessel low pass filter (LPF) is experimentally validated using complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) which has sharper cut-off and improved spurious band suppression characteristics. The Richard’s transformation and Kuroda’s identities are used for realizing distributed Bessel LPF from the lumped element Bessel LPF. Traditionally Butterworth and Chebyshev LPFs are used in communication systems. Those LPFs exhibits high reflection in the pass-band and it is also very difficult to achieve sharper cut-off. Because of its poor cut-off and non linear phase characteristics, it will create cross talk between microwave systems. In order to overcome the above issues our proposed LPF which has linear phase and sharper cut-off behavior is on ideal subsystem in future microwave systems. Furthermore, to prove its practical viability of the proposed design, a compact microstrip Bessel LPF was designed, simulated, fabricated and measured. It was observed from the experimentally compared results of the proposed Bessel LPF with CSRR has better sharper cut-off characteristic than the without CSRR structure

Bioactive Metabolite Produced by Phomopsis sp., an Endophytic Fungus in Allamanda cathartica Linn.

Endophytes are microbial entities that live within living tissues of plants. In most cases their relationship with the host plant is symbiotic and probably mutualistic. Many are capable of synthesizing bio-active compounds that can be used by the plant for defense against fungi and bacteria. Some of these compounds have been proven useful for novel drug discovery. By encouraging the endophytes to grow outside the plant in nutrient rich media, it is possible to harvest the bio-active compounds that they produce. In the present investigation we are trying to isolate endophytic fungi from Allamanda cathartica (Apocynaceae). The secondary metabolite obtained from the endophytic fungi was found to inhibit the growth of human pathogenic bacteria. The compound was extracted with organic solvents and bioautogram was done to check compound’s antibacterial activity.  Thin layer chromatogram and various other spectroscopic analyses were done to identify the compound as terpene

Possible Alpha and 14C Cluster Emission From Hyper Radium Nuclei in The Mass Region A = 202-235

The possibilities for the emission of 4He and 14C clusters from hyper 202-235ΛRa are studied using our Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM) by including the lambda-nucleus potential. The predicted half lives show that hyper 202-231ΛRa nuclei are unstable against 4He emission and 14Cemission from 217- 229ΛRa are favorable for measurement. Our study also show that hyper Λ202235-Ra are stable against hyper Λ4He and Λ14C emission. The role of neutron shell closure (N = 126) in 213 ΛRn daughter and role of proton and neutron shell closure (Z = 82, N = 126) in Λ209Pb daughter are also revealed. As hyper nuclei decays to normal nuclei by mesonic/non-mesonic decay and since most of the predicted half lives for 4He and 14C emission from normal Ra nuclei are favorable for measurement, we presume that alpha and 14C cluster emission from hyper Ra nuclei can be detected in laboratory in a cascade (two-step) process

Secondary Metabolite from Phomopsis sp. Isolated from Plumeria acutifolia Poiret

AbstractPlumeria acutifolia Poiret (Apocynaceae) contains eight species of mainly deciduous shrubs and tree, originated from Central America. Some species of this plant are used for the cure of rheumatism, diarrhoea, blennorhea, venereal disease and leprosy. Endophytes are the chemical synthesizers inside plants (Owen et al., 2004). Leaves of Plumeria acutifolia were submitted to isolation of endophytic fungi. The strain Phomopsis sp was selected for chemical and biological investigation because of the strong antibacterial activity and also rich source of secondary metabolites. Ethylacetate fraction of the fungus found to have terpenoid compound, which was further subjected to Thin layer chromatography (TLC), UV, FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. The terpenoid compound was found to have antibacterial activity whereas the same compound does not show any positive results towards human pathogenic Candida albicans. This is the first report of the isolation, cultivation of fungus Phomopsis sp and evaluation of antibacterial activity. Keywords: Apocynaceae, Antibacterial activity, Terpenoids, Endophytes, Phomopsis, Coelomycete

An Open Non Randomized Clinical Trial of Perungaya Chooranam in Madhumegam (Diabetes Mellitus Type-II)

The clinical study on Madhumegam was carried out in the Post Graduate Department of Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College, Arignar Anna Hospital, Chennai-106, during the period of 2016 - 2018. A total of 40 patients were treated in the Out Patient Department (OPD). The clinical and pathological assessment was carried out on the basis of both Siddha and Modern aspects. All the 40 patients were treated with Perungaya Chooranam, 2g BD with lukewarm water for 90 days. The responses were assessed once in 7 days for all the patients. • The peak incidence of Madhumegam was in the age group of 51-60 yrs (45%) in both sexes. • The prevalence was higher among the lower income (47.5%). • The disease is more common in housewives (40%). So high incidence occurs in women. • Regarding diet, the disease is seen among mixed dietary habits of about 80%. • Regarding family history, 52.5% had no relavent history. • Most of the patients were affected in Pitha kaalam (95%). • In Vatham - Abaanan, Viyanan, Samanan, Kirukaran and Devathathan were affected in all the cases 100%, Koorman was affected in 7 cases (17.5%). • In Pitham - Analagam and Sathagam 100%, Ranjagam 20%, Alosagam 17.5% and Prasagam 15% were affected. • In Kabam - Kilethagam 100% and Santhigam 60% were affected. • Among the Ezhu Udalthathukkal, Saaram, Seneer were 100% affected, Enbu (60%), Oon (15%), Kozhuppu (15%) were affected. • Regarding Envagaithervugal - Naa, Naadi and Moothiram were 100% affected Niram, Malam (20%), Vizhi (17.5%), Sparisam (15%) were affected. • Naadi – PithaVatha naadi (70%) was most commonly observed. • In Neikuri examination, 65% Pithaneer were observed. • The Toxicological study of Perungaya Chooranam revealed no toxicity. • The pharmacological study shows Anti Diabetic Activity in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. • Urine sugar Fasting and Postprandial became normal in 92.5% and 87.5% of patients respectively. • Regarding Blood sugar level, fasting and post prandial blood sugar reduced in 90% and 82.5% of the cases respectively. • HbA1C level improved in 75% of cases which shows Good control in Madhumegam. • The clinical trial shows that there is significant improvement in clinical manifestations of Madhumegam. • The Biostatistical analysis of the clinical trial shows significant p-value < 0.000 and hence the treatment was effective and significant. CONCLUSION: Madhumegam is primarily due to derangement of Pitha kutram. • The trial medicine Perungaya Chooranam predominating with Thuvarppu suvai, it neutralises the deranged Pitham by Ethirurai Maruthuvam. • Perungaya Chooranam reveals no toxicity in animal models and hence proved to be safe in human subjects. • From Preclinical Pharmacological studies, Perungaya Chooranam has Anti-Diabetic activity. • No adverse effect was reported during the clinical study. • Perungaya Chooranam significantly reduced blood sugar level and also reduced clinical features of Madhumegam. • Perungaya Chooranam is cost effective. Hence I conclude that Perungaya Chooranam will be a better Medicine that can be used in the treatment of Madhumegam

A Study to assess the effectiveness of Acupressure on Blood Sugar among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Ashwin Hospital, Coimbatore

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: The effectiveness of Acupressure on Blood Sugar among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Ashwin hospital, Coimbatore. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the blood sugar level among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. To apply acupressure among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 3. To assess the blood sugar level among patients with Type2 diabetes mellitus after acupressure. METHODOLOGY: An interventional study was conducted to evaluate the effect of acupressure on blood sugar among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. A Quasi experimental pre-test post-test with control group design was adopted. A non-probability purposive sample of 30 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus was selected in which 15 were in experimental group and 15 were in control group. Acupressure therapy was administered to interventional group. Glucometer was used as the tool to assess the level of blood sugar before and after acupressure therapy. RESULTS: 30 samples were enrolled in the study. The inferential statistics and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the values. The calculated ‘t’ value (7.38) for the experimental group were higher than the table value, which highlighted that acupressure had a significant effect on blood sugar among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in experimental group. CONCLUSION: The intervention provided shows significant reduction in blood sugar among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The post test blood sugar level was reduced among experimental group