Potential for Development and Limitations of Regional Business Environment

The article considers some questions of institutional support for the development of the regional business environment. In connection with constantly growing social liabilities of regional and municipal authorities, which results in the upsurge of risks of budget imbalance at respective levels, the research provides a foundation to the necessity of forming favorable business environment promoting enterprise activity in regions. The process of creating institutes of a region’s business environment is analyzed with applying a matrix institutional model of entrepreneurship. The article reveals the mechanism stipulating the emergence of specific peculiarities of institutional configurations of the regional business environment. A conclusion is drawn about the decisive role of the institutional configuration of the business environment in the existing differences in the levels of social and economic development of regions. The researchers put forward a hypothesis that supporting a favorable institutional configuration of a region’s business environment that stimulates enterprise activity in the area cannot last indefinitely as its development is of a cyclical nature. Simulation parameters for the formation and maintenance of a favorable institutional configuration of the business environment are given. With the aim of practical application of the suggested approach, the authors suggest a methodology allowing for regional authorities to estimate the expediency of favorable institutional configuration of business environment, and on this basis to formulate rules of play for business so that these rules could boost business activity and increase the contribution of entrepreneurship to the region’s social and economic development. The approach under consideration provides an opportunity to substantiate a theoretical and methodological framework for developing practical mechanisms of projecting and further long-term maintenance of favorable institutional configuration of business environment which will contribute to expanding the region’s business activity, and which is resistant to negative effects of the external environment.Work produced with the financial support of the grant FSBI “Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation” in the framework of scientific — research project “Interaction of authority and business organizations in the municipalities: through compromise to mutual loyalty» № 15-12-02008

The digitalization features of the Russian social media market insurance service

Purpose: The article aims to identify the features of digital techniques introduction and functioning in the insurance industry and the social insurance system. The information techniques used allows to quickly and with the best results to process large amounts of data, thereby increasing the efficiency of all the spheres to reduce social and commercial risks. Design/Methodology/Approach: In order to substantiate introducing the digital techniques expediency in the activity of the insurance system, it is necessary, first, to consider the advantages and disadvantages of information techniques use in the commercial and social insurance. Second, to describe the main digital programs, the implementation of which will increase the targeting and personalization of insurance services. Findings: For the digital techniques introduction in the sphere of insurance relations it is necessary to form the wholly new structure of insurance assets that meet the priorities of the digital economy; to create the necessary conditions for the development and implementation of modern actuarial techniques; to create conditions for increasing incomes and the life standard of the population in order to stimulate demand for insurance services; to change the structure and quality of social services. Practical implications: The results of the study can be implemented in the practice of social funds and insurance companies in order to improve the quality of insurance services. Originality/value: The main contribution of this research is to transfer the processes and mechanisms for the global digital economy and global digital space formation to the social and insurance relations.peer-reviewe

Number of Collisions in the Glauber Model and Beyond

The so called number of hadron-nucleus collisions n_coll(b) at impact parameter b, and its integral value N_coll, which are used to normalize the measured fractional cross section of a hard process, are calculated within the Glauber-Gribov theory including the effects of nucleon short-range correlations. The Gribov inelastic shadowing corrections are summed to all orders by employing the dipole representation. Numerical calculations are performed at the energies of the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We found that whereas the Gribov corrections generally increase the value of N_coll, the inclusion of nucleon correlations, acting in the opposite directions, decreases it by a comparable amount. The interplay of the two effects varies with the value of the impact parameter.Comment: Text expanded; typos corrected; results and conclusions unchanged. To appear in Phys. Rev.

A superadditivity and submultiplicativity property for cardinalities of sumsets

For finite sets of integers A1, . . . ,An we study the cardinality of the n-fold sumset A1 + · · · + An compared to those of (n − 1)-fold sumsets A1 + · · · + Ai−1 + Ai+1 + · · · + An. We prove a superadditivity and a submultiplicativity property for these quantities. We also examine the case when the addition of elements is restricted to an addition graph between the sets

Light diffraction by a strong standing electromagnetic wave

The nonlinear quantum interaction of a linearly polarized x-ray probe beam with a focused intense standing laser wave is studied theoretically. Because of the tight focusing of the standing laser pulse, diffraction effects arise for the probe beam as opposed to the corresponding plane wave scenario. A quantitative estimate for realistic experimental conditions of the ellipticity and the rotation of the main polarization plane acquired by the x-ray probe after the interaction shows that the implementation of such vacuum effects is feasible with future X-ray Free Electron Laser light.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Published versio