White-light phosphorescence emission from a single molecule: application to OLED

A simple mononuclear cyclometallated iridium(III) complex exhibits white photo- and electro- luminescence in the wavelength range from 440 to 800 nm, which originates from a single emitting excited state of mixed character.Bolink Henk, [email protected] ; Coronado Miralles, Eugenio, [email protected]

Physiological Roles of Orexin Receptors on Sleep/Wakefulness Regulation

Hypothalamic neuropeptides orexin-A and orexin-B play critical roles in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness, as well as in a variety of physiological functions including emotion, reward and energy homeostasis. The effects of orexin peptides are mediated by two receptors, orexin 1 (OX1R) and orexin 2 (OX2R) receptors. These receptors show differential expression patterns depending on brain regions and neuron types, suggesting their differential roles. Here, we review the current understanding of the physiological roles of each orexin receptor subtype, focusing on the regulation of sleep/wakefulness. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015. All rights reserved.Book Chapter, Embargo Period 12 month

Photopolymerization-induced phase separation in binary blends of photocurable/linear polymers

Phase separation behavior and morphology of polymer blends induced by photopolymerization have been investigated in a binary blend of photocurable polymer (2,2-bis(4-(acryloxy diethoxy)phenyl)propane; BPE4) and linear polymer (polysulfone; PSU) using electron microscopy techniques. A ternary phase diagram of mono-BPE4/poly-BPE4/PSU exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior. In situ polymerization of BPE4 over a wide range of PSU compositions (5–70 wt%) results in network-like bicontinuous phase separated structures at high temperatures, while semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structures are cured at low temperatures. Even at 10 wt% PSU, the PSU-rich phase is a continuous network-like phase. BPE4-rich domains in the network-like structures are controlled from the nano-scale (30 nm) to the microscale (1 µm) by varying the composition, curing temperature and irradiation intensity. By means of time-evolution study of the phase structure, it is found that BPE4-rich domains appeared in a PSU-rich matrix after the induction time. These domains quickly grow in size up to the sub-micron level, but further growth appears to be slow. The PSU-rich matrix develops into the network-like pattern by the increase in the number and growth of the BPE4-rich domains

Oxidation Behavior of Ceramics for Gas Turbines in Combustion Gas Flow at I500°C," ASME

ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the durability of silicon-carbides(SiC) and silicon-nitrides(Si3N4, we studied the oxidation behavior of SiC and Si3N4 in 1500°C combustion gas flow. We found that the exposure to the combustion gas flow resulted in the weight losses of those ceramics due to the partial disappearance of the oxidized surface layer. We investigated the effects of sintering aids and high speed gas flow as possible factors for the disappearance of the oxide layer. Two kinds of SIC, without sintering aids and sintered with 134C, were used as test specimens. After the exposure to combustion gas flow conditions of 1500°C, 150m/s, 0.18MPa, the weight loss rate and thickness of the oxide layer were quite the same for each specimen of SIC. The existence of sintering aids did not have any effect on the disappearance of the oxide layer. To investigate the effect of gas flow, we set each specimen in a tube made of SiC to protect it from the gas flow. The tube had two holes each acting both as inlet and exhaust vents. Consequently, the oxide layer formed thickly. But at the spots on the specimen facing the holes, the oxide layer was thin. Hollows occurred on the specimen of SiC at these spots. It seems that the existence of gas flow is a very important factor in the disappearance of the oxide layer. Alumina(A1203) and zirconia(Zr02) as oxide ceramics were exposed to the combustion gas flow. The weight of these also decreased. There is a possibility that the weight loss of ceramics in combustion gas flow is caused by degradation of oxide layer on their surface from erosion and hot corrosion due to some oxide scales coming from the test equipment