9,733 research outputs found
Association of spin-labeled local anesthetics at the hydrophobic surface of acetylcholine receptor in native membranes from Torpedo marmorata.
Polyethylene imine-based receptor immobilization for label free bioassays
Polyethylene imine (PEI) based immobilization of antibodies is described and the concept is proved on the
label free assay of C-Reactive Protein (CRP). This novel immobilization method is composed of a hyperbranched
PEI layer which was deposited at a high pH (9.5) on the sensor surface. The free amino groups
of PEI were derivatized with neutravidin by Biotin N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and the biotinylated
anti-CRP antibody immobilized on this layer. Direct binding assay of recombinant CRP was successfully
performed in the low μg/ml concentrations using a label free optical waveguide biosensor
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DNA Methylation Analysis Validates Organoids as a Viable Model for Studying Human Intestinal Aging.
Background & aimsThe epithelia of the intestine and colon turn over rapidly and are maintained by adult stem cells at the base of crypts. Although the small intestine and colon have distinct, well-characterized physiological functions, it remains unclear if there are fundamental regional differences in stem cell behavior or region-dependent degenerative changes during aging. Mesenchyme-free organoids provide useful tools for investigating intestinal stem cell biology in vitro and have started to be used for investigating age-related changes in stem cell function. However, it is unknown whether organoids maintain hallmarks of age in the absence of an aging niche. We tested whether stem cell-enriched organoids preserved the DNA methylation-based aging profiles associated with the tissues and crypts from which they were derived.MethodsTo address this, we used standard human methylation arrays and the human epigenetic clock as a biomarker of age to analyze in vitro-derived, 3-dimensional, stem cell-enriched intestinal organoids.ResultsWe found that human stem cell-enriched organoids maintained segmental differences in methylation patterns and that age, as measured by the epigenetic clock, also was maintained in vitro. Surprisingly, we found that stem cell-enriched organoids derived from the small intestine showed striking epigenetic age reduction relative to organoids derived from colon.ConclusionsOur data validate the use of organoids as a model for studying human intestinal aging and introduce methods that can be used when modeling aging or age-onset diseases in vitro
Color-flavor locked strange matter
We analyze how the CFL states in dense matter work in the direction of
enhancing the parameter space for absolutely stable phases (strange matter). We
find that the "CFL strange matter" phase can be the true ground state of
hadronic matter for a much wider range of the parameters of the model (the gap
of the QCD Cooper pairs , the strange quark mass and the Bag
Constant ) than the state without any pairing, and derive a full equation of
state and an accurate analytic approximation to the lowest order in
and which may be directly used for applications. The effects of pairing
on the equation of state are found to be small (as previously expected) but not
negligible and may be relevant for astrophysics.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Rotational diffusion of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier studied by saturation-transfer electron spin resonance.
Lipid-protein interactions in ADP-ATP carrier/egg phosphatidylcholine recombinants studied by spin-label ESR spectroscopy.
Comparison of ATP binding sites using structure-based similarity methods and molecular interaction fields
Inhibitory control hinders habit change
Our habits constantly influence the environment, often in negative ways that amplify global environmental and health risks. Hence, change is urgent. To facilitate habit change, inhibiting unwanted behaviors appears to be a natural human reaction. Here, we use a novel experimental design to test how inhibitory control affects two key components of changing (rewiring) habit-like behaviors in healthy humans: the acquisition of new habit-like behavior and the simultaneous unlearning of an old one. We found that, while the new behavior was acquired, the old behavior persisted and coexisted with the new. Critically, inhibition hindered both overcoming the old behavior and establishing the new one. Our findings highlight that suppressing unwanted behaviors is not only ineffective but may even further strengthen them. Meanwhile, actively engaging in a preferred behavior appears indispensable for its successful acquisition. Our design could be used to uncover how new approaches affect the cognitive basis of changing habit-like behaviors
Neutrino oscillations with disentanglement of a neutrino from its partners
We bring attention to the fact that in order to understand existing data on
neutrino oscillations, and to design future experiments, it is imperative to
appreciate the role of quantum entanglement. Once this is accounted for, the
resulting energy-momentum conserving phenomenology requires a single new
parameter related to disentanglement of a neutrino from its partners. This
parameter may not be CP symmetric. We illustrate the new ideas, with
potentially measurable effects, in the context of a novel experiment recently
proposed by Gavrin, Gorbachev, Veretenkin, and Cleveland. The strongest impact
of our ideas is on the resolution of various anomalies in neutrino oscillations
and on neutrino propagation in astrophysical environments.Comment: 6 page
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