Observation of a kink during the formation of the Kondo resonance band in a heavy-fermion system

We have shown that the kink behavior in the spectral function of a heavy fermion can appear during the formation of the Kondo resonance (KR) band and the hybridization gap. We have investigated the heavy fermion compound CeCoGe2, using a combined approach of the density functional theory and the dynamical mean field theory. Low temperature T spectral functions show dispersive KR states, similarly to the recent experimental observation. During the evolution from the non-f conduction band state at high T to the dispersive KR band state at low T, which have topologically different band shapes, we have found the existence of kinks in the non-f spectral function near the Fermi level E-F. The observation of kink is clearly in correspondence with the multiple temperature scales of the formation of the KR band.X1186sciescopu

The Association Between Influenza Treatment and Hospitalization-Associated Outcomes Among Korean Children with Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza

There are limited data evaluating the relationship between influenza treatment and hospitalization duration. Our purpose assessed the association between different treatments and hospital stay among Korean pediatric influenza patients. Total 770 children ≤ 15 yr-of-age hospitalized with community-acquired laboratory-confirmed influenza at three large urban tertiary care hospitals were identified through a retrospective medical chart review. Demographic, clinical, and cost data were extracted and a multivariable linear regression model was used to assess the associations between influenza treatment types and hospital stay. Overall, there were 81% of the patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza who received antibiotic monotherapy whereas only 4% of the patients received oseltamivir monotherapy. The mean treatment-related charges for hospitalizations treated with antibiotics, alone or with oseltamivir, were significantly higher than those treated with oseltamivir-only (P \u3c 0.001). Influenza patients treated with antibiotics-only and antibiotics/oseltamivir combination therapy showed 44.9% and 28.2%, respectively, longer duration of hospitalization compared to those treated with oseltamivir-only. Patients treated with antibiotics, alone or combined with oseltamivir, were associated with longer hospitalization and significantly higher medical charges, compared to patients treated with oseltamivir alone. In Korea, there is a need for more judicious use of antibiotics, appropriate use of influenza rapid testing

The Association between Influenza Treatment and Hospitalization-Associated Outcomes among Korean Children with Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza

There are limited data evaluating the relationship between influenza treatment and hospitalization duration. Our purpose assessed the association between different treatments and hospital stay among Korean pediatric influenza patients. Total 770 children ≤ 15 yr-of-age hospitalized with community-acquired laboratory-confirmed influenza at three large urban tertiary care hospitals were identified through a retrospective medical chart review. Demographic, clinical, and cost data were extracted and a multivariable linear regression model was used to assess the associations between influenza treatment types and hospital stay. Overall, there were 81% of the patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza who received antibiotic monotherapy whereas only 4% of the patients received oseltamivir monotherapy. The mean treatment-related charges for hospitalizations treated with antibiotics, alone or with oseltamivir, were significantly higher than those treated with oseltamivir-only (P < 0.001). Influenza patients treated with antibiotics-only and antibiotics/oseltamivir combination therapy showed 44.9% and 28.2%, respectively, longer duration of hospitalization compared to those treated with oseltamivir-only. Patients treated with antibiotics, alone or combined with oseltamivir, were associated with longer hospitalization and significantly higher medical charges, compared to patients treated with oseltamivir alone. In Korea, there is a need for more judicious use of antibiotics, appropriate use of influenza rapid testing

Significant THz absorption in CH3NH2 molecular defect-incorporated organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite thin film

The valid strong THz absorption at 1.58 THz was probed in the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite thin film, CH3NH3PbI3, fabricated by sequential vacuum evaporation method. In usual solution-based methods such as 2-step solution and antisolvent, we observed the relatively weak two main absorption peaks at 0.95 and 1.87 THz. The measured absorption spectrum is analyzed by density-functional theory calculations. The modes at 0.95 and 1.87 THz are assigned to the Pb-I vibrations of the inorganic components in the tetragonal phase. By contrast, the origin of the 1.58 THz absorption is due to the structural deformation of Pb-I bonding at the grain boundary incorporated with a CH3NH2 molecular defect

Health Indicators Related to Disease, Death, and Reproduction

One of the primary goals of epidemiology is to quantify various aspects of a population’s health, illness, and death status and the determinants (or risk factors) thereof by calculating health indicators that measure the magnitudes of various conditions. There has been some confusion regarding health indicators, with discrepancies in usage among organizations such as the World Health Organization the, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the CDC of other countries, and the usage of the relevant terminology may vary across papers. Therefore, in this review, we would like to propose appropriate terminological definitions for health indicators based on the most commonly used meanings and/or the terms used by official agencies, in order to bring clarity to this area of confusion. We have used appropriate examples to make each health indicator easy for the reader to understand. We have included practical exercises for some health indicators to help readers understand the underlying concepts

Hepatic and Pancreatic Tumors Combined Hepatectomy and Radiofrequency Ablation for Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinomas: Long-term Follow-up Results and Prognostic Factors

Background: For multifocal hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) that are untreatable with resection only, locoregional therapies added to hepatectomy have been introduced. However, some preliminary reports have documented average survival results and relatively high complication rates. We evaluated the long-term survival results and safety of combined hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with HCCs and assessed the prognostic factors affecting their survival. Methods: A total of 53 patients who had 148 HCCs in their livers underwent hepatectomy combined with ultrasound-guided intraoperative RFA. The mean diameter of the 82 resected tumors was 4.8 cm (range 1.3-21.0 cm) and that of 66 ablated tumors was 1.5 cm (range 0.8-3.5 cm). We evaluated the primary effectiveness rates, survival rates, and complications. In addition, we assessed the prognostic factors associated with the survival rates using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: The primary effectiveness rate of RFA was 98% (65 of 66). Local tumor progression was observed in two (3%) ablation zones of 65 tumors with complete primary effectiveness. The cumulative survival rates at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were 87, 83, 80, 68, and 55%, respectively. Patients with smaller resected tumors (£5 cm) demonstrated better survival results (P = 0.004). No procedure-related deaths occurred. We observed hepatectomy-related complications in 4 patients (8%, 4 of 53) and an RFA-related complication in 1 patient (2%, 1 of 53). Conclusions: Combined hepatectomy and RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for multifocal HCCs. Resected tumor size was a significant prognostic predictor of long-term survival

Post-stroke cognitive impairment on the Mini-Mental State Examination primarily relates to left middle cerebral artery infarcts

Background: Post-stroke cognitive impairment can occur after damage to various brain regions, and cognitive deficits depend on infarct location. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is still widely used to assess post-stroke cognition, but it has been criticized for capturing only certain cognitive deficits. Along these lines, it might be hypothesized that cognitive deficits as measured with the MMSE primarily involve certain infarct locations. Aims: This comprehensive lesion-symptom mapping study aimed to determine which acute infarct locations are associated with post-stroke cognitive impairment on the MMSE. Methods: We examined associations between impairment on the MMSE (15) in the thalamus and superior temporal gyrus. In comparison, domain-specific impairments were related to various infarct patterns across both hemispheres including the left medial temporal lobe (verbal memory) and right parietal lobe (visuospatial functioning). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that post-stroke cognitive impairment on the MMSE primarily relates to infarct locations in the left middle cerebral artery territory. The MMSE is apparently less sensitive to cognitive deficits that specifically relate to other locations

Mammalian Ste20-Like Kinase and SAV1 Promote 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation by Activation of PPARγ

The mammalian ste20 kinase (MST) signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle control. We sought to understand the role of MST2 kinase and Salvador homolog 1 (SAV1), a scaffolding protein that functions in the MST pathway, in adipocyte differentiation. MST2 and MST1 stimulated the binding of SAV1 to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a transcription factor that plays a key role in adipogenesis. The interaction of endogenous SAV1 and PPARγ was detected in differentiating 3T3-L1 adipocytes. This binding required the kinase activity of MST2 and was mediated by the WW domains of SAV1 and the PPYY motif of PPARγ. Overexpression of MST2 and SAV1 increased PPARγ levels by stabilizing the protein, and the knockdown of SAV1 resulted in a decrease of endogenous PPARγ protein in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. During the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes, MST2 and SAV1 expression began to increase at 2 days when PPARγ expression also begins to increase. MST2 and SAV1 significantly increased PPARγ transactivation, and SAV1 was shown to be required for the activation of PPARγ by rosiglitazone. Finally, differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells was augmented by MST2 and SAV1 expression and inhibited by knockdown of MST1/2 or SAV1. These results suggest that PPARγ activation by the MST signaling pathway may be a novel regulatory mechanism of adipogenesis