New arylpiperazine derivatives with antidepressant-like activity containing isonicotinic and picolinic nuclei: evidence for serotonergic system involvement

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Czy zespół ciasnoty śródnerkowej może powodować ostre odrzucanie nerki przeszczepionej?

Zespół ciasnoty śródnerkowej jest wynikiem ucisku miąższu nerki, czego konsekwencją jest niedokrwienie narządu. W pracy przedyskutowano problem etiologii oraz skutków tego zjawiska u pacjentów po przeszczepieniu nerki. Wydaje się, że może to być niedoceniana, a przez to często nierozpoznawana, przyczyna niezadowalającej funkcji przeszczepu bądź też nagłego jej pogorszenia

Pharmacological and Structure-Activity Relationship Evaluation of 4-aryl-1-Diphenylacetyl(thio)semicarbazides

This article describes the synthesis of six 4-aryl-(thio)semicarbazides (series a and b) linked with diphenylacetyl moiety along with their pharmacological evaluation on the central nervous system in mice and computational studies, including conformational analysis and electrostatic properties. All thiosemicarbazides (series b) were found to exhibit strong antinociceptive activity in the behavioural model. Among them, compound 1-diphenylacetyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)thiosemicarbazide 1b was found to be the most potentan algesic agent, whose activity is connected with the opioid system. For compounds from series a significant anti-serotonergic effect, especially for compound 1-diphenylacetyl-4- (4-methoxyphenyl)semicarbazide 2b was observed. The computational studies strongly support the obtained results

Tolerancja immunologiczna u pacjenta z autosomalnym dominującym zwyrodnieniem wielotorbielowatym nerek po transplantacji nerki

Mimo dużego postępu w zakresie leczenia immunosupresyjnego pacjentów po transplantacji narządów unaczynionych i zmniejszeniu odsetka epizodów ostrego odrzucania nie uzyskano poprawy odległych wyników przeżycia przeszczepionego narządu ani jego biorcy. W poszukiwaniu nowych rozwiązań terapeutycznych podejmuje się próby wywołania w organizmie biorcy stanu tolerancji wybiórczej dla antygenów narządu przeszczepionego. W niniejszej pracy opisano przypadek pacjenta z autosomalnie dominującą postacią zwyrodnienia wielotorbielowatego nerek (ADPKD, autosomal dominant polycystic disease), u którego z powodu ciężkich powikłań septycznych, które wystąpiły krótko po transplantacji, odstawiono leczenie immunosupresyjne i nie zaobserwowano ostrego odrzucania przeszczepionej nerki. Zanalizowano możliwe mechanizmy wywołania tolerancji immunologicznej w opisywanym przypadku. Forum Nefrologiczne 2010, tom 3, nr 3, 174-17

Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction: a literature review

Opioid therapy plays a crucial role in the management of acute and chronic pain, with opioids being widely prescribed worldwide. However, alongside the analgesic benefits, the use of opioids is associated with a range of adverse effects, including opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction refers to a constellation of gastrointestinal symptoms caused by the effects of opioids on the gastrointestinal tract. These symptoms primarily manifest as constipation, but can also include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction poses a significant clinical challenge, as it can severely affect patients' quality of life. Non-pharmacological approaches alone are rarely sufficient to counteract the adverse effects of opioid therapy. The primary pharmacological agents used in opioid-induced bowel dysfunction management are laxatives, which should be chosen according to individual patient needs. Patients with poorly controlled symptoms can benefit from new pharmacological approaches, particularly peripheral mu-opioid receptor antagonists. By better understanding the underlying mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies, healthcare professionals can optimize patient care, minimize complications, and improve patients' overall well-being

Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction: a literature review

Opioid therapy plays a crucial role in the management of acute and chronic pain, with opioids being widely prescribed worldwide. However, alongside the analgesic benefits, the use of opioids is associated with a range of adverse effects, including opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction refers to a constellation of gastrointestinal symptoms caused by the effects of opioids on the gastrointestinal tract. These symptoms primarily manifest as constipation, but can also include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction poses a significant clinical challenge, as it can severely affect patients' quality of life. Non-pharmacological approaches alone are rarely sufficient to counteract the adverse effects of opioid therapy. The primary pharmacological agents used in opioid-induced bowel dysfunction management are laxatives, which should be chosen according to individual patient needs. Patients with poorly controlled symptoms can benefit from new pharmacological approaches, particularly peripheral mu-opioid receptor antagonists. By better understanding the underlying mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies, healthcare professionals can optimize patient care, minimize complications, and improve patients' overall well-being