Composition of the essential oil of Salvia montbretii Benth. from Turkey

The composition of the essential oil produced from aerial parts of Salvia montbretii Benth.(Lamiaceae), was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Forty-six compounds constituting about 97.7% of the essential oil were characterized.The main compounds were characterized as ?-caryophyllene (32.8%), ?-pinene (9.8%), ?-humulene (8.2%), 12-hydroxy-?-caryophyllene acetate (6.6%), germacrene D (4.9%) and ?-pinene (4.5%

Some Morpholocigal and Quality Characteristics of Sage (Salvia tomentosa Mill.) Populations in South Marmara Region

ÖZ: Bu çalışma Güney Marmara Florasında yayılış gösteren Salvia tomentosa Mill. populasyonarının bazı morfolojik ve kalite özelliklerini belirlemek amacı ile 2010 yılında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Yalova (3), Bursa (7), Çanakkale (7) ve Balıkesir (3) illerinden toplam 20 adet bitki ve toprak örneği alınmıştır. Floradaki yapılan ölçümlerde bitki boyu 30,9-95,5 cm, gövde kalınlığı 0,4-1,1 cm, dal sayısı 13-22 adet, yaprak boyu 5-13,2 cm, yaprak eni 2,3-5,2 cm ve habitus çapı 33,7-105,3 cm olarak ölçülmüştür. Populasyonların uçucu yağ oranları %0,7-3,5 arasında değişirken, uçucu yağın ana bileşenleri ve oranları sırası ile ?-pinene (%1,8-38,9), ?-pinene (%1,9-35,8) ve camphor (%1,5-40,9) olmuştur. Salvia tomentosa Mill.ın çok farklı toprak karakterine sahip alanlarda yayılış gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.ABSTRACT: This study was conducted in order to determine some morphological and quality characteristics of Salvia tomentosa Mill. Populations Distribution in South Marmara Region in 2010. 20 plant and soil sample collected from Yalova (3), Bursa (7), Çanakkale (7) and Balıkesir (3) province in this study. Plant height vary to 30,9-95,5 cm, stem diameter 0,4-1,1 cm, branch number 13-22, leaf length 5,13,2 cm, leaf width 2,3-2,5 and diameter 33,7-105,3 cm between populations in the flora. While essential oil yield vary to 0,7-3,5% between populations, main components and rates the essential oil were α- pinene (%1,8-38,9), β-pinene (%1,9-35,8) and camphor (%1,5-40,9) respectively. It was determined that spread areas of Salvia tomentosa Mill. had very different soil characters

Dill seed oil as a possible contraceptive agent: antiangiogenic effects on endothelial cells

Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) essential oil is wide spread in the food, beverage and pharmaceutical sectors. Dill is a member of the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family. It has the following biological activities: antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, antihypercholesterolemic, antispasmodic, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory. Aqueous extract of dill seed has reported effects on sex hormones and infertility potential. Moreover, boiled dill seed has an impact on reducing labor duration in giving birth. Implantation and placentation are necessary for a healthy pregnancy in the early stages. Angiogenesis is responsible for these essential processes. This study aimed to investigate dill seed oil’s cytotoxic and antiangiogenic effects on rat adipose tissue endothelial cells (RATECs). Dill seed oil showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity on RATECs. It disrupted endothelial tube formation and depolymerized F-actin stress fibers. According to this study, depolymerization of F-actin stress fiber by dill seed oil could inhibit angiogenesis by suppressing endothelial cell proliferation, tube formation and motility. In other words, dill seed oil can be a new anti-angiogenic agent and a novel contraceptive

Biological activities of the fruit essential oil, fruit, and root extracts of ferula drudeana korovin, the putative anatolian ecotype of the silphion plant

In the present study, preliminary phytochemical investigations were performed on the fruit essential oil and antioxidant-rich methanolic extracts of the fruits and roots of Ferula drudeana, the putative Anatolian ecotype of the Silphion plant, to corroborate its medicinal plant potential and identify its unique characteristics amongst other Ferula species. The essential oil from the fruits of the endemic species Ferula drudeana collected from Aksaray was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main components of the oil were determined as shyobunone (44.2%) and 6-epishyobunone (12.6%). The essential oil of the fruits and various solvent extracts of the fruits and roots of F. drudeana were evaluated for their antibacterial and anticandidal activity using microbroth dilution methods. The essential oil of the fruits, methanol, and methylene chloride extracts of the fruits and roots showed weak to moderate inhibitory activity against all tested microorganisms with MIC values of 78–2000 µg/mL. However, the petroleum ether extract of the roots showed remarkable inhibitory activity against Candida krusei and Candida utilis with MIC values of 19.5 and 9.75 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, all the samples were tested for their antioxidant activities using DPPH• TLC spot testing, online HPLC–ABTS screening, and DPPH/ABTS radical scavenging activity assessment assays. Methanolic extracts of the fruits and roots showed strong antioxidant activity in both systems

Humic Acid Improves Plant Yield, Antimicrobial Activity and Essential Oil Composition of Oregano (Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (Link.) Ietswaart)

The effects of humic acid on plant yield, essential oil content, the composition of essential oil and the antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (Link.) (cv. Tinmaz) cultivated in 2017 and 2018 under Eskisehir ecological conditions were evaluated. Three humic acid (HA) doses in response to 50.0 L ha−1 (HA 50), 30.0 L ha−1 (HA 30) and 0.0 L ha−1 (HA 0, as control) were applied to soil at the vegetative stage and beginning of the blooming stage of the plant throughout each harvest in both years. Essential oil composition was determined using GC-FID/GC-MS. The antibacterial and antifungal activity were determined by the well-diffusion method. Fresh herb yield, dry herb yield and dry leaf yield were highest at HA 50 both years, although essential oil content increased in 2017 at both HA 50 and HA 30, but was greatest at HA 50 in the second year. The essential oil content differences between the control dose and 50.0 L HA ha−1 were 0.46% and 0.42% in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil samples against two bacteria species (Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida parapisilosis) was generally higher than that of the control drugs, and the activity increased with increasing HA doses. Analysis of the essential oil components showed that the carvacrol and γ-Terpinene ratios generally increased as the HA doses increased to 50.0 L HA ha−1. Soil HA applications could be recommended for higher quality, plant yield and antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum

The Effect of Irrigation and Humic Acid on the Plant Yield and Quality of Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.) with Mulching Application under Semi-Arid Ecological Conditions

The adoption of suitable irrigation levels (IRL), humic acid doses (HAD) and soil mulching (SM) are important tools for improving the morpho-physiological and biochemical traits of medicinal and aromatic plants. Ocimum basilicum L. cultivated under four IRL: IRL 100 = 100% FC–IRL 75 = 75% FC–IRL 50 = 50% FC–IRL 25 = 25% FC and four HAD: HA 0 = 0.0 Lha−1–HA 10 = 10.0 Lha−1–HA 20 = 20.0 L ha−1–HA 40 = 40.0 L ha−1 were applied in order to evaluate morpho-physiological and biochemical traits under the ecological conditions of Eskişehir in 2016 and 2017. A second trial was conducted with black plastic soil mulch (SM) and compared with the control plots (CP) in 2016. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with split plots and three replications. The plant height (PH), fresh herb yield (FHY), dry herb yield (DHY), dry leaf yield (DLY), protein ratio (PR), and main essential oil compounds (MEOC) of Ocimum basilicum L. increased and the essential oil ratio (EOR) and essential oil yield (EOY) decreased with increasing IRL (IRL 100 and IRL 75). FHY (7268.3 and 7472.7 kg ha−1) and DLY (635.3 and 637.5 kg ha−1) increased with increasing HAD (HA 20 and HA 40) compared to the values of FHY and DLY at HA 0 (6852.6 and 587.0 respectively). The SM application at IRL 50 increased the PH between 8.8 and 13.5%, FHY 11.7 and 16.7%, DLY 22.5 and 29.2%, and at IRL 75 the EOY between 20.0 and 23.9% compared to CP. In addition, PH, FHY, DLY, and EOY were highest at HA 40 and HA 20. The MEOC (linalool, 1,8-cineole, and (E) – β-bergamotene) under SM were more pronounced at IRL 25 and IRL 50 compared to CP. HA particularly improved FHY, DLY, and the main essential oil compounds that can be considered plant biostimulants, which were defined by several studies and regulations

Volatile compounds of the Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (Lamiaceae) Species Cultured in Turkey

The genus Lavandula L. (Lamiaceae) is represented in Turkey by 3 taxa (Lavandula angustifolia Mill. subsp. angustifolia, L. pedunculata (Mill.) subsp. cariensis (Boiss.), L. stoechas L. subsp. stoechas). L. angustifolia is locally known as “lavanta”, L. pedunculata subsp. cariensis is locally known as “karan”, L. stoechas subsp. stoechas . is locally known as “karabaş” ( Mill, 1982; Dirmenci, 2012). Within this family there are many medical species such as Lavandula L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill. known as medical lavender, is conducting culture and research studies in many places in the world. It is also known as the ‘’English lavender’2 or L. officinalis. Lavender is used in aromatherapy. Its sedative nature, on inhalation has been shown both in animals and man. Experimental studies in humans and animals have shown that the sedative effect comes from linalool and linalyl acetate. Tanins contained in flowers of lavender is showned antidiarrheal effect. Essential oil of lavender is used in various skin diseases and wound healing. Essential oil of lavender shortens the sleeping period, prolongs the sleeping period. In addition, it also shows antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, fungicidal, insecticidal and acaricidal effects (Zeybek and Haksel, 2010). In this study, we were made to create sources Lavandula agriculture in Turkey. We collected four different provinces in the Lavandula (5 samples and 1 commercial oil). The results of a total five local and commercial are given below. The flowers of Lavandula were water distilled for 3 h using a Clevenger type apparatus. The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS simultaneously. The main constituents were identified as linalool 31.9 – 50.0 % and linalyl acetate 15.4 – 42.0 %

Humic Acid Improves Plant Yield, Antimicrobial Activity and Essential Oil Composition of Oregano (<i>Origanum vulgare</i> L. subsp. <i>hirtum</i> (Link.) Ietswaart)

The effects of humic acid on plant yield, essential oil content, the composition of essential oil and the antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (Link.) (cv. Tinmaz) cultivated in 2017 and 2018 under Eskisehir ecological conditions were evaluated. Three humic acid (HA) doses in response to 50.0 L ha−1 (HA 50), 30.0 L ha−1 (HA 30) and 0.0 L ha−1 (HA 0, as control) were applied to soil at the vegetative stage and beginning of the blooming stage of the plant throughout each harvest in both years. Essential oil composition was determined using GC-FID/GC-MS. The antibacterial and antifungal activity were determined by the well-diffusion method. Fresh herb yield, dry herb yield and dry leaf yield were highest at HA 50 both years, although essential oil content increased in 2017 at both HA 50 and HA 30, but was greatest at HA 50 in the second year. The essential oil content differences between the control dose and 50.0 L HA ha−1 were 0.46% and 0.42% in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil samples against two bacteria species (Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida parapisilosis) was generally higher than that of the control drugs, and the activity increased with increasing HA doses. Analysis of the essential oil components showed that the carvacrol and γ-Terpinene ratios generally increased as the HA doses increased to 50.0 L HA ha−1. Soil HA applications could be recommended for higher quality, plant yield and antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum

Comparison of essential oils of endemic Salvia dichroantha Stapf collectedfrom Konya

In the Anatolia folk medicine, Salvia L. (Lamiaceae) species are used by many people in various villages and towns for the therapeutic value of their essential oils. Salvia dichroantha Stapf is an endemic plant of the Irano-Turanian phytogeographic region. Plant materials were collected during the flowering period from Konya Cihanbeyli (900 m) and Konya Taşkent (1800 m). In this study, water-distilled essential oil of Salvia dichroantha was analyzed. The analysis was performed by using a gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems, simultaneously. Eight compounds were identified from the oil of Taşkent representing 96.2 % of the total oil and nine compounds were identified from the oil of Cihanbeyli representing 98.3% of the total oil. The major components were found as caryophyllene oxide (38.6%), caryophyllenol I (16.7%), caryophyllenol II (15.6%) and caryophylladienol II (11.1%) for Taşkent; caryophyllene oxide (65.8%), caryophyllenol II (14.3 %) for the oil of Cihanbeyli