A flexible system for calculating various types of selection indexes

International audienc

Effect of breed of cow and calf on recorded milk yield in a dairy ranching herd in Costa Rica

<p/

Schlachtkörper- und fleischqualität bei verschiedenen kombinationen von fleisch- und zweinutzungsrassen

International audienc

Beef breed bulls versus selected dual purpose bulls for meat production

International audienc

Cumulative life course adversity, mental health, and cognition in the UK biobank

Abstract The association between adversity and cognition varies according to the specific adversity, when the adversity was experienced, and the cognitive domains investigated. Disentangling the effect of adversity and the underlying mechanistic pathway is therefore difficult. The association between adversity (i.e., maltreatment) accumulated over the life course and cognitive flexibility, as well as two potential mediators (i.e., intra-individual variability in reaction time and depression) of this association, were investigated. Data stem from the baseline population of the UK Biobank study ( N  = 73,489, Mdn age  = 56, SD age  = 7.628, 55.740% of women). Cumulative life course adversity (specifically maltreatment) was measured with items based on the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTS-5) and items adapted from the British Crime Survey. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Intra-individual variability in reaction time was measured with a reaction time test “snap game” and the Trail Making Test A and B were used as a measure of cognitive flexibility. A path analysis was performed on these data. Higher cumulative adverse experiences were associated with lower performance in cognitive flexibility (β = .016, p  &lt; .001, 95% CI [0.009, 0.024]), and this effect was partly mediated by the level of depression (22.727% of the total effect of cumulative life course adversity on cognitive flexibility was mediated by depression (β = .005, p  &lt; .001, 95% CI [0.004, 0.007])). No association between cumulative life course adverse experiences and intra-individual variability in reaction time was found, nor was any indirect association between cumulative life course adversity and performance in cognitive flexibility via intra-individual variability in reaction time. The association between cumulative life course adversity, depression, and performance in cognitive flexibility has been highlighted. In contrast, no indirect effect between cumulative life course adversity and performance in cognitive flexibility via intra-individual variability in reaction time was found, suggesting that it is not a potential mechanism underlying the association between cumulative life course adversity and executive function. </p

Online assessment of cognitive functioning across the adult lifespan using the eCOGTEL:A reliable alternative to laboratory testing

As the population ages, risks for cognitive decline threaten independence and quality of life of older adults. Classically, psychological assessment tools that evaluate cognitive functioning are administered in face-to-face laboratory sessions, which are time- and resource-consuming. The present study set out to examine whether the eCOGTEL—an online adaptation of the Cognitive Telephone Screening Instrument (COGTEL; Kliegel et al. in J Psychol 141(2):147–170, 2007)—represents a reliable measure of cognitive performance in adulthood. Therefore, an age-stratified adult lifespan sample of 253 participants (aged 19–86 years) completed a face-to-face assessment in the laboratory and a self-administered online version, at their homes. A second, independent sample of 176 younger adults (aged 19–30 years) performed a test–retest assessment of the eCOGTEL. Results showed strong correlations between overall cognitive scores assessed online and in the laboratory, as well as a high test–retest reliability. Further, comparable data distributions between both assessment modes underline the feasibility of the eCOGTEL across the adult lifespan and particularly in older age. Our findings thereby indicate that the eCOGTEL can reliably measure cognitive performance across the lifespan at reduced costs, which may help detecting individuals at risk of developing age-related cognitive decline. Due to these strengths, the eCOGTEL represents a valuable contemporary approach for the resource-efficient online assessment of cognition, which may benefit a broad array of fundamental and applied research fields, such as clinical and organizational psychology. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10433-021-00667-x

The Relationship between Life Course Socioeconomic Conditions and Objective and Subjective Memory in Older Age.

While objective memory performance in older adults was primarily shown to be affected by education as indicator of life course socioeconomic conditions, other life course socioeconomic conditions seem to relate to subjective memory complaints. However, studies differ in which life course stages were investigated. Moreover, studies have explored these effects in an isolated way, but have not yet investigated their unique effect when considering several stages of the life course simultaneously. This study, therefore, examined the respective influence of socioeconomic conditions from childhood up to late-life on prospective memory (PM) performance as an objective indicator of everyday memory as well as on subjective memory complaints (SMC) in older age using structural equation modeling. Data came from two waves of the Vivre-Leben-Vivere aging study (n=993, Mage=80.56). The results indicate that only socioeconomic conditions in adulthood significantly predicted late-life PM performance. PM performance was also predicted by age and self-rated health. In contrast, SMC in older age were not predicted by socioeconomic conditions at any stage of the life course but were predicted by level of depression. In line with the cognitive reserve hypothesis, present results highlight the significance of education and occupation (adulthood socioeconomic conditions) for cognitive functioning in later life

Normally preordered spaces and utilities

In applications it is useful to know whether a topological preordered space is normally preordered. It is proved that every $k_\omega$-space equipped with a closed preorder is a normally preordered space. Furthermore, it is proved that second countable regularly preordered spaces are perfectly normally preordered and admit a countable utility representation.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure. v2 contains a second proof to the main theorem with respect to the published version. The last section of v1 is not present in v2. It will be included in a different wor

Dual Space of a Lattice as the Completion of a Pervin Space

16th International Conference, RAMiCS 2017, Lyon, France, May 15-18, 2017, ProceedingsInternational audienceThis survey paper presents well-known results from a new angle. A Pervin space is a set X equipped with a set of subsets,called the blocks of the Pervin space. Blocks are closed under finite intersections and finite unions and hence form a lattice of subsets of X. Pervin spaces are thus easier to define than topological spaces or (quasi)-uniform spaces. As a consequence, most of the standard topological notions, like convergence and cluster points, specialisation order, filtersand Cauchy filters, complete spaces and completion are much easier to define for Pervin spaces. In particular, the completion of a Pervin space turns out to be the dual space (in the sense of Stone) of the original lattice.We show that any lattice of subsets can be described by a set of inequations of the form u ≤ v, where u and v are elements of its dual space. Applications to formal languages and complexity classes are given.Cet article de synthèse présente des résultats bien connus sous un nouvel angle. Un espace de Pervin est unensemble X équipé d'un ensemble de parties, appelé les blocs de l'espace de Pervin. Les blocs sont fermés par intersection finie et union finie et forment ainsi un treillis de parties de X. Les espaces de Pervin sont doncplus faciles à définir que les espaces topologiques ou les espaces (quasi-)uniformes. Par conséquent, la plupart des notions topologiques, comme la convergence et les points d'adhérence, l'ordre de spécialisation, les filtres de Cauchy, les espaces complets et la complétion sont beaucoup plus faciles à définir pour les espaces Pervin. En particulier, la complétion d'un espace Pervin s'avère être l'espace dual (au sens de Stone) du treillis de départ.Nous montrons que tout treillis de parties peut être décrit par un ensemble d'inéquations de la forme u ≤ v, où u et v sont des éléments de son espace dual. On donne des applications aux langages formels et aux classes de complexité