The Single-Phase ProtoDUNE Technical Design Report

ProtoDUNE-SP is the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype that is under construction and will be operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform (NP) starting in 2018. ProtoDUNE-SP, a crucial part of the DUNE effort towards the construction of the first DUNE 10-kt fiducial mass far detector module (17 kt total LAr mass), is a significant experiment in its own right. With a total liquid argon (LAr) mass of 0.77 kt, it represents the largest monolithic single-phase LArTPC detector to be built to date. It's technical design is given in this report

Experimental Study of Effects of Ultrasonic Waves on Heat Distribution in Gaseous Medium

AbstractThe effect of ultrasonically generated forced convention on heat distribution in gaseous medium was experimentally investigated. In the experiment, as an ultrasound source, a piezoelectric transducer which has 28 KHz resonance frequency was used. Transducer was placed behind heat source and ran in sweeping mode from frequency 28 985Hz to 27 397Hz at about 20W power. 50Ω chrome-nickel resistance heater wire of a hairdryer was used under 220V AC voltage as a heat source and its power is adjusted about 100W by a dimmer. The experiments were carried out two set-ups; one of them is in open environment and other is indoor environment. To observe distribution of heat that is generated by heat source, thermal distribution on A3 sized paper that was placed in test environment was monitored by FLIR A20 thermal camera. When both heat source and fan with heat source were running, the heat distributions induced by ultrasound were compared with that of other. It can be concluded that ultrasonic waves could have a positive effect on heat distribution in gaseous medium and it carries heat in propagating direction of itself

On numerical design technique of wideband microwave amplifiers based on GaN small-signal device model

This work presents an application of Normalized Gain Function (NGF) method to the design of linear wideband microwave amplifiers based on small-signal model of a device. NGF has been originally developed to be used together with an S-parameter (*.s2p) file, whereas this work enables the NGF to be able to work with explicit S-parameter formulae derived from the small-signal model of the device. This approach provides the designer to be able to use simple set of S-parameter equations instead of S-parameter file of the device. Representation of the device simply by several model equations not only eliminates the need of carrying large number of data but also provides the capability of equation-based easy, realistic and equispaced S-parameter data generation in any desired resolution in frequency axis without requiring interpolation. NGF is defined as the ratio of T and |S-21|(2), i.e. T-N = T/|S-21|(2), gain function of the amplifier to be designed and transistor forward gain function, respectively. Synthesis of output/input matching networks (OMN/IMN) of the amplifier requires two target gain functions in terms of T-N, to be used in two sequential non-linear optimization procedures, respectively. An amplifier with a flat gain of similar to 10 dB operating in 0.8-2.35 GHz is designed using a small-signal model of an experimental GaN-HEMT. Theoretical amplifier performance obtained in Matlab is shown to be in excellent agreement with the simulated performance in MWO (Microwave Office, AWR Inc.). A prototype low-power amplifier having a similar to 10 to 12 dB gain, operating in (0.9-1.5 GHz) is also produced and measured which yielded good performance results.The work reported here has been carried out at Isik University and Istanbul University. We here thank to Sedat Kilinc, of Istanbul University, for his invaluable contributions in simulations, layout design, prototyping and VNA measurements. We also thank to Dr. Koray Gurkan, of Istanbul University, for his great assistance in pcb board manufacturing via prototyping machine. We also appreciate the Scientific Research Projects Unit (BAP) of Istanbul University which supported this work with the project code 18549Publisher's Versio