The Role of lncRNAs TAPIR-1 and -2 as Diagnostic Markers and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Prostate Cancer

In search of new biomarkers suitable for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, genome-wide transcriptome sequencing was carried out with tissue specimens from 40 prostate cancer (PCa) and 8 benign prostate hyperplasia patients. We identified two intergenic long non-coding transcripts, located in close genomic proximity, which are highly expressed in PCa. Microarray studies on a larger cohort comprising 155 patients showed a profound diagnostic potential of these transcripts (AUC~0.94), which we designated as tumor associated prostate cancer increased lncRNA (TAPIR-1 and -2). To test their therapeutic potential, knockdown experiments with siRNA were carried out. The knockdown caused an increase in the p53/TP53 tumor suppressor protein level followed by downregulation of a large number of cell cycle- and DNA-damage repair key regulators. Furthermore, in radiation therapy resistant tumor cells, the knockdown leads to a renewed sensitization of these cells to radiation treatment. Accordingly, in a preclinical PCa xenograft model in mice, the systemic application of nanoparticles loaded with siRNA targeting TAPIR-1 significantly reduced tumor growth. These findings point to a crucial role of TAPIR-1 and -2 in PCa

Biocontrol of plant diseases is not an unsafe technology!

In their opinion paper "The unpredictable risk imposed by microbial secondary metabolites: how safe is biological control of plant diseases?" (J. Plant Dis. Prot. 124, 413-419; https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-017-0109-5), H.B. Deising, I. Gase and Y. Kubo criticize the use of microbial pesticides in plant protection. They point to the ability of microorganisms to form toxic metabolites and fear severe health problems when antagonistic microorganisms are increasingly released into agro-ecosystems. In our opinion, this view fails to reflect the reality because it largely ignores the ecology of microorganisms. In this contribution, we state reasons why biocontrol of plant diseases is a safe technology

Biocontrol of plant diseases is not an unsafe technology!

In their opinion paper "The unpredictable risk imposed by microbial secondary metabolites: how safe is biological control of plant diseases?" (J. Plant Dis. Prot. 124, 413-419; https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-017-0109-5), H.B. Deising, I. Gase and Y. Kubo criticize the use of microbial pesticides in plant protection. They point to the ability of microorganisms to form toxic metabolites and fear severe health problems when antagonistic microorganisms are increasingly released into agro-ecosystems. In our opinion, this view fails to reflect the reality because it largely ignores the ecology of microorganisms. In this contribution, we state reasons why biocontrol of plant diseases is a safe technology

Verticillium Wilt in Oilseed Rape—the Microbiome is Crucial for Disease Outbreaks as Well as for Efficient Suppression

Microbiome management is a promising way to suppress verticillium wilt, a severe disease in Brassica caused by Verticillium longisporum. In order to improve current biocontrol strategies, we compared bacterial Verticillium antagonists in different assays using a hierarchical selection and evaluation scheme, and we integrated outcomes of our previous studies. The result was strongly dependent on the assessment method chosen (in vitro, in vivo, in situ), on the growth conditions of the plants and their genotype. The most promising biocontrol candidate identified was a Brassica endophyte Serratia plymuthica F20. Positive results were confirmed in field trials and by microscopically visualizing the three-way interaction. Applying antagonists in seed treatment contributes to an exceptionally low ecological footprint, supporting efficient economic and ecological solutions to controlling verticillium wilt. Indigenous microbiome, especially soil and seed microbiome, has been identified as key to understanding disease outbreaks and suppression. We suggest that verticillium wilt is a microbiome-driven disease caused by a reduction in microbial diversity within seeds and in the soil surrounding them. We strongly recommend integrating microbiome data in the development of new biocontrol and breeding strategies and combining both strategies with the aim of designing healthy microbiomes, thus making plants more resilient toward soil-borne pathogens

Corona und digitale Bildung. Ergebnisse eines Experten-Gesprächs

Durch Corona wird deutlich: Digitale Schulbildung ist als fester Bestandteil zukünftiger Schulkonzepte zu begreifen. Ziel muss es dabei sein, dass Schulen sowohl analog und digital als auch Präsenz und Distanz beherrschen. Notwendig ist die Entwicklung und Umsetzung von tragfähigen und skalierbaren Blended Learning-Konzepten. Dies erfordert insbesondere •die Entwicklung eines übergreifend geltenden, rechtssicheren Handlungsrahmens sowie zentrale Leitlinien für die organisatorische, personelle und technische Umsetzung von Blended Learning in Schule und zu Hause; •die Förderung eines zukunftssicheren Ökosystems für zukünftige digitale Bildung, in dem sich innovative und kreative Lösungen rund um Lernmanagementsysteme im Wettbewerb entwickeln können; •die Befähigung und Unterstützung aller Betroffenen – Schulen, Lehrkräfte, Eltern und Schüler*innen

За кадры. 1973. № 80 (1755)

Правительственное задание выполнено! / Р. ГорскаяСоветуется группа / В. Чигарнова, А. Курноскин, А. БукинСоздать нормальные условия. Рейд печати по учебным корпусам / В. Бурков [и др.]Первый экзаменДиктует необходимость / Н. ГлушкоЛауреаты / Л. КостыревНаглядность улучшается / А. МиковКто они, лучшие из лучших? / А. А. СокальскийОт планов - к действию / В. ЛебедевПризеры - лыжники ТПИ / К. С. ШаминовТренер / В. Александро

Anti-inflammatory activity of IgG1 mediated by Fc galactosylation and association of FcγRIIB and dectin-1 [Letter]

Complement is an ancient danger-sensing system that contributes to host defense, immune surveillance and homeostasis1. C5a and its G protein–coupled receptor mediate many of the proinflammatory properties of complement2. Despite the key role of C5a in allergic asthma3, autoimmune arthritis4, sepsis5 and cancer6, knowledge about its regulation is limited. Here we demonstrate that IgG1 immune complexes (ICs), the inhibitory IgG receptor FcγRIIB and the C-type lectin–like receptor dectin-1 suppress C5a receptor (C5aR) functions. IgG1 ICs promote the association of FcγRIIB with dectin-1, resulting in phosphorylation of Src homology 2 domain–containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP) downstream of FcγRIIB and spleen tyrosine kinase downstream of dectin-1. This pathway blocks C5aR-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, C5a effector functions in vitro and C5a-dependent inflammatory responses in vivo, including peritonitis and skin blisters in experimental epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Notably, high galactosylation of IgG N-glycans is crucial for this inhibitory property of IgG1 ICs, as it promotes the association between FcγRIIB and dectin-1. Thus, galactosylated IgG1 and FcγRIIB exert anti-inflammatory properties beyond their impact on activating FcγRs

The Role of lncRNAs TAPIR-1 and -2 as Diagnostic Markers and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Prostate Cancer

In search of new biomarkers suitable for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, genome-wide transcriptome sequencing was carried out with tissue specimens from 40 prostate cancer (PCa) and 8 benign prostate hyperplasia patients. We identified two intergenic long non-coding transcripts, located in close genomic proximity, which are highly expressed in PCa. Microarray studies on a larger cohort comprising 155 patients showed a profound diagnostic potential of these transcripts (AUC~0.94), which we designated as tumor associated prostate cancer increased lncRNA (TAPIR-1 and -2). To test their therapeutic potential, knockdown experiments with siRNA were carried out. The knockdown caused an increase in the p53/TP53 tumor suppressor protein level followed by downregulation of a large number of cell cycle- and DNA-damage repair key regulators. Furthermore, in radiation therapy resistant tumor cells, the knockdown leads to a renewed sensitization of these cells to radiation treatment. Accordingly, in a preclinical PCa xenograft model in mice, the systemic application of nanoparticles loaded with siRNA targeting TAPIR-1 significantly reduced tumor growth. These findings point to a crucial role of TAPIR-1 and -2 in PCa

The Role of lncRNAs TAPIR-1 and -2 as Diagnostic Markers and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Prostate Cancer

In search of new biomarkers suitable for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, genome-wide transcriptome sequencing was carried out with tissue specimens from 40 prostate cancer (PCa) and 8 benign prostate hyperplasia patients. We identified two intergenic long non-coding transcripts, located in close genomic proximity, which are highly expressed in PCa. Microarray studies on a larger cohort comprising 155 patients showed a profound diagnostic potential of these transcripts (AUC~0.94), which we designated as tumor associated prostate cancer increased lncRNA (TAPIR-1 and -2). To test their therapeutic potential, knockdown experiments with siRNA were carried out. The knockdown caused an increase in the p53/TP53 tumor suppressor protein level followed by downregulation of a large number of cell cycle- and DNA-damage repair key regulators. Furthermore, in radiation therapy resistant tumor cells, the knockdown leads to a renewed sensitization of these cells to radiation treatment. Accordingly, in a preclinical PCa xenograft model in mice, the systemic application of nanoparticles loaded with siRNA targeting TAPIR-1 significantly reduced tumor growth. These findings point to a crucial role of TAPIR-1 and -2 in PCa