Global energy governance : a review and research agenda

Over the past few years, global energy governance (GEG) has emerged as a major new field of enquiry in international studies. Scholars engaged in this field seek to understand how the energy sector is governed at the global level, by whom and with what consequences. By focusing on governance, they broaden and enrich the geopolitical and hard-nosed security perspectives that have long been, and still are, the dominant perspectives through which energy is analysed. Though still a nascent field, the literature on GEG is thriving and continues to attract the attention of a growing number of researchers. This article reviews the GEG literature as it has developed over the past 10 years. Our aim is to highlight both the progress and limitations of the field, and to identify some opportunities for future research. The article proceeds as follows. First, it traces the origins of the GEG literature (section “Origins and roots of GEG research”). The subsequent sections deal with the two topics that have received the most attention in the GEG literature: Why does energy need global governance (section “The goals and rationale of global energy governance”)? And, who governs energy (section “Mapping the global energy architecture”)? We then address a third question that has received far less attention: How well or poor is energy governed (section “Evaluating global energy governance”)? In our conclusions (section “Conclusions and outlook”), we reflect on the current state of GEG, review recent trends and innovations, and identify some questions that warrant future consideration by scholars. This article is published as part of a thematic collection on global governance

Effets des contentions souples adhésives dans la prévention des récidives d'entorse de cheville chez les sportifs

Ankle sprain is a current condition encountered in sports practice with a high relapse rate. External prophylactic ankle support like ankle taping may be an interesting prevention tool during the resumption of sport. The objective of this study was to review the literature about the effectiveness of ankle taping on tertiary prevention of ankle sprain in athletes by evaluating its effects on risk factors for recurrence. Methods: PubMed, PEDro, and Cochrane databases were used to search eligible articles for this non-systematic literature review. Trials that consider participants with a history of ankle sprain or chronic ankle instability and the tape as intervention were included. A total of ten trials met the inclusion criteria and were included. The risk of bias was assessed with the PEDro Scale by one reviewer. The different outcomes measures were frequency of relapse, range of motion restriction, proprioception, delayed latency of peroneal reflex, postural stability real, and perceived. Results: The main significant findings were a reduction in the risk of recurrence, restriction of subtalar mechanical laxity in inversion which, despite the release of the tape, persists after physical exercise, and finally, improvement in participants' perceptions of stability, confidence, assurance, and self-efficacy. Discussion: The studies included were moderate to poor quality with the blinding as the hardest criteria to fulfill. These results should, therefore, be taken with caution. Future studies looking at the effects of ankle taping in the long term are needed to make sound recommendations and to assess the benefit/risk ratio of this intervention.L'entorse de la cheville est une affection couramment rencontrée dans la pratique sportive avec un taux de récidive élevé. Un soutien prophylactique externe de cheville, tel que le tape, peut être un outil de prévention intéressant lors de la reprise de la pratique sportive. L'objectif de cette étude est d’effectuer une revue de littérature sur l'effet du taping dans la prévention tertiaire de l'entorse de la cheville chez les athlètes en évaluant son efficacité sur différents facteurs de risque de récidive. Méthode : les bases de données PubMed, PEDro et Cochrane ont été utilisées pour rechercher les articles éligibles pour cette revue de littérature non systématique. Les essais qui considèrent les participants ayant des antécédents d'entorse de la cheville ou d'instabilité chronique de la cheville et la contention souple adhésive inextensible comme intervention ont été inclus. Au total, dix essais ont satisfait aux critères d'inclusion et ont été inclus. Le risque de biais a été évalué à l'aide de l'échelle PEDro par un examinateur. Les différentes mesures de résultats étaient la fréquence des récidives, la restriction de l'amplitude des mouvements, la proprioception, le temps de latence du réflexe fibulaire, la stabilité posturale réelle et perçue. Résultats : les principales conclusions significatives étaient une réduction du risque de récidive, une restriction de la laxité mécanique subtalaire en inversion qui, malgré le relâchement de la bande adhésive, persiste après l'exercice physique, et enfin, une amélioration des perceptions des participants en matière de stabilité, de confiance, d'assurance et d'auto-efficacité. Discussion : les études incluses étaient de qualité modérée à médiocre, l'aveuglement étant le critère le plus difficile à remplir. Ces résultats sont donc à prendre avec précautions. De futures études sur les effets du taping de cheville à long terme sont nécessaires pour formuler de solides recommandations et évaluer le rapport bénéfice/risque de cette intervention

Dynamics of spontaneous thoughts

This repository contains the data and code used in Kérébel, Cailles, Sackur: "Dynamics of spontaneous thoughts: investigating the links between tendency for exploration, attentional profile and the stream of thoughts" (https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tghb7

Dynamics of spontaneous thoughts and its link to the attentional profile

Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is known to be associated with racing thoughts. Christoff et al. (2016) posit that the main determinant of the dynamics of spontaneous thoughts is the presence of constraints on cognition, be it automatic or deliberate. In the present project, we operationalized the unfolding of spontaneous thoughts with a word generation paradigm (Andrews-Hanna et al., 2021; Benedek et al., 2012; Jung, 1910): participants had to generate series of 10-30 words aloud, following a metronome. We set out to contrast two levels of constraint on associations (strong and weak) to test their impact on the dynamics of thoughts, and to relate it to sub-clinical ADHD-like symptomatology. Using reaction times and semantic metrics, we show that the participants who scored higher on an ADHD diagnostic questionnaire produced words that were less related, but only in the "weak constraint" condition - akin to free thoughts

L'Importance de la Morphologie en clinique

Thèse : Médecine : Université de Bordeaux : 1911N° d'ordre : 5

L’atelier de vocabulaire CM2

International audienc

Apprentilangue - Le vocabulaire autrement !

Cet ouvrage de référence s'appuie sur les recherches actuelles pour comprendre les enjeux de l'enseignement du vocabulaire à l'école et mettre en place un nouvel enseignement avec le dispositif Apprentilangue, sur tous les niveaux de l'école, de la PS au CM2.Le plaisir d'apprendre de nouveaux mots !- Un projet né d'une recherche collaborative, testé pendant cinq ans en maternelle et validé par des centaines d'enseignants !- Un dispositif clés en main pour enseigner le vocabulaire de façon vivante, explicite et structurée.- Une démarche quotidienne ritualisée autour d'une devinette, pour stimuler la réflexion et le plaisir d'apprendre

L’atelier de vocabulaire CE2

International audienc

L’atelier de vocabulaire CP

International audienc