Tiesuolan käytön vähentämisen vaikutukset tienvarren mäntyyn (Pinus sylvestris) : neulasten suolapitoisuudet ja ulkoiset vauriot vuosina 1992-94 : talvi ja tieliikenne -projekti

320025

Pathogenesis-related proteins in ozone-exposed Norway spruce [Picea abies (Karst) L.]

vo

Critical levels for tropospheric ozone

vokYTL/K. Ojanper

Significance of fatigue for mechanical defibration

The fatigue induced by high-frequency cyclic loading on the compressibility and tensile properties of wood and wood cell walls was quantified. The non-elastic behavior of fatigued and reference samples was similar, whereas their elastic behavior differed, as expected. Next, the effects of the dynamic fatigue on the mechanical pulping process were quantified by grinding fatigued and untreated samples and by comparing the paper strength produced by the two pulps against the consumed pulping energy. Pre-introducing fatigue increased the energy efficiency of grinding and may allow designing a more energy efficient mechanical pulping process