F21RS SGR No. 4 (Grad Report)

A Resolution To adopt the Final Report of the Committee for Graduate Relie

Utility of uterine artery Doppler and pulsatility index at 11-14 weeks of normal pregnancy in prediction of preeclampsia in third trimester

Introduction: Preeclampsia affects 5-8% of women in pregnancy and leading cause of maternal mortality. The present study was done to predict the development of preeclampsia in patients with uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) >1.71 and the presence of diastolic notch at 11-14 weeks of gestation belonging to low risk population. Methods: Women attending routine antenatal care were offered an early transvaginal ultrasound scan between 11-14 weeks including uterine artery doppler assessment. Mean PI and presence or absence of bilateral early diastolic notch was also noted. All patients were followed up to term for the development of preeclampsia. Results: Out of 100 patients, 22% developed preeclampsia of which 15 (68.18%) cases showed the presence of diastolic notch and 12 (54.54%) cases had PI >1.71 (p<0.05). A Total of 12% of patients showed presence of both diastolic notch and PI of >1.71 (p<0.05). Out of 37 nulliparous patients 13 (35.13%) developed preeclampsia, 8 (13.79%) out of 58 primiparous and 1 (20%) out of 5 multipara developed preeclampsia (p<0.05). All 11 patients with systolic blood pressure >140mm of Hg at 11-14 weeks of gestation developed preeclampsia (p<0.05). Conclusion: Presence of diastolic notch and PI of >1.71 in uterine artery colour doppler at 11-14 weeks of gestation serves as a good predictor of preeclampsia at term, in pregnancies with no other associated risk factors

Effect of a single point mutation on the stability, residual structure and dynamics in the denatured state of GED: relevance to self-assembly

The GTPase effector domain (GED) of dynamin forms large soluble oligomers in vitro, while its mutant - I697A - lacks this property at low concentrations. With a view to understand the intrinsic structural characteristics of the polypeptide chain, the global unfolding characteristics of GED wild type (WT) and I697A were compared using biophysical techniques. Quantitative analysis of the CD and fluorescence denaturation profiles revealed that unfolding occurred by a two-state process and the mutant was less stable than the WT. Even in the denatured state, the mutation caused chemical shift perturbations and significant differences were observed in the 15N transverse relaxation rates (R2), not only at the mutation site but all around. These results demonstrate that the hydrophobic change associated with the mutation perturbs the structural and motional preferences locally, which are then relayed via different folding pathways along the chain and the property of oligomerization in the native state is affected

Variation in the serum bilirubin levels in newborns according to gender and seasonal changes

Introduction: Bilirubin is a substance that is produced during the process of hemolysis. Gender influences on neonatal illnesses and outcomes have remained a topic of debate and investigation. Empirical neonatological experience suggests that prevalence and degree of neonatal jaundice might be dependent on seasonal variation also. The aim of our study is to interpret the bilirubin levels in newborns according to gender and seasonal variation. Materials and Methods: The study was done from October 2012 to July of 2013 (differentiated by seasonal variation). A total of 1000 jaundiced newborn (500 of each sex diagnosed clinically and divided equally in summer and winter season) were studied to assess the total, direct and indirect serum bilirubin levels using colorimetry. Results: Out of total 1676 deliveries (439 were caesarean, 13 were assisted and rest were normal) during winter season and 1475 deliveries (399 were Cesarean, 14 were assisted and rest were normal) during summer season, 500 male newborn and 500 female newborn were analysed, divided equally in both seasons. Serum bilirubin was higher in males in summers and mainly comprised unconjugated bilirubin while direct bilirubin was higher in females in winters. Raised indirect bilirubin was more common in males born in summer than those born in winters (P = 041). In winters raised direct bilirubin was more common in females as compared to males (P = 0.019). Among female neonates total and indirect bilirubin was significantly raised in those born in summers (P = < 0.001 and <0.001, respectively) while direct was raised in those born in winters (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Physiological and pathologic phenomena associated with male gender must be integrated in the frame of understanding of both susceptibility and protection of the male newborn which has not been available for adequate investigation in the past. The higher temperature during the summer, with a greater influence of higher breastfeeding cause more severe hyperbilirubinemia

<SUP>1</SUP>H, <SUP>15</SUP>N, <SUP>13</SUP>C resonance assignment of folded and 8 M urea-denatured state of SUMO from Drosophila melanogaster

SUMO, an important post-translational modifier of variety of substrate proteins, regulates different cellular functions. Here, we report the NMR resonance assignment of the folded and 8 M urea-denatured state of SUMO from Drosophila melanogaster (dsmt3)

Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19

Repurposed drugs like hydroxycloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) are being tested for potential therapeutic role in COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of HCQ and CQ in COVID-19. Using PubMed, EMBASE, medRxiv, Google Scholar, clinicaltrials.gov, electronic search was carried out to identify relevant articles till June 2020 with re-evaluation in last week of November 2020. Observational and interventional clinical studies comparing efficacy of CQ or HCQ to standard management or other drug/s for SARS-CoV-2 infection patients were included. Cochrane review manager version 5.3 was used for synthesis of meta-analysis results. For randomized controlled trials, risk of bias was assessed using cochrane collaboration risk of bias assessment tool, version 2.0 (ROB-2). ROBINS-I was used for quality assessment of observational studies. Overall evidence quality generated by review was graded as per GRADE Recommendation. A total of 903 studies were screened. Nineteen studies were included in synthesis of meta-analysis with total of 4,693, 1,626, and 6,491 patients in HCQ/CQ, HCQ/CQ + AZ and control groups, respectively. HCQ/CQ treatment was associated with significantly increased rates of virological cure (OR = 2.08, 95%cI = 1.36–3.17; P = 0.0007) and radiological cure (OR = 3.89, 95%cI = 1.35 – 11.23; P = 0.01) compared to control. HCQ/CQ had no difference in unadjusted mortality rate (unadjusted OR = 0.98 95% cI = 0.70–1.37, P = 0.89, random effect model) and adjusted hazard ratio for mortality (adjusted HR = 1.05, 95%cI = 0.86--1.29; P = 0.64). However, a significant increase in odds of disease progression (OR = 1.77, 95%cI = 1.46–2.13; P < 0.00001) and QT prolongation (OR = 11.15, 95%cI = 3.95–31.44; P < 0.00001) was noted. The results with HCQ/CQ and azithromycin combination were similar to HCQ/CQ mono-therapy. In the light of contemporary evidence on effectiveness of HCQ/CQ, judicious and monitored use of HCQ/CQ for treatment of COVID-19 patients is recommended in low to middle income countries with emphasis on no mortality benefit. Registration number of Systematic review. Register in PROSPERO database: cRD4202018771