In Search of the Sweet Spot A Case Study of Tourist Satisfaction in 5 Arizona Communities

This paper reports the results of a test of the “sweet spot” theory that proposes an increase of tourist destination visitor satisfaction with participation in four realms of the tourism experience (Pine & Gilmore, 1999). Factor/cluster analysis attempted to separate respondents based on factor scores of activities preferences. No significant clusters were found. Limited evidence demonstrated support for the theory in ANOVA and chi-square analyses. The paper includes recommendation for tourist destination planners and marketers and for future research

The Impact of Activity Participation on Satisfaction

This study examines the relationship between the activities in which visitors participate and their satisfaction with a destination. It investigates a theory that proposes visitors who participate in four realms of tourist activities will express greater satisfaction than those who participate in fewer realms. The findings revealed no significant relationship between satisfaction and either the type or number of activities in which a tourist engages

Badania pilotażowe o wiedzy i stosowaniu mnemonik z przedmiotów ścisłych przez polsklich uczniów

Mnemonic devices are specific ways, which during coding new information apply known elements for improving subsequent access to that information in the memory. Consequently, not much is known about techniques for optimizing recall performance with mnemonic devices or the suitability of using mnemonic devices in educational applications. Moreover, in literature there are a lot of examples in chemistry, biology, physics and mathematics mnemonics approaches, however in the related literature, there is a lack of current and reliable studies for this subject. In this original work we describe mnemonic methods from this point of view in the learning and teachings of science subjects. A large trumps of this article is the demonstration of the old well-known method of the learning/teaching in the new scene. This is the first article in literature that present actual data about this topic according to learning and studying the science subjects by mnemonic studies.Strategie mnemoniczne to specyficzne sposoby, które podczas kodowania nowej informacji wykorzystują znane już elementy do polepszenia późniejszego dostępu do tej informacji w pamięci. Strategie te mogą często wspomagać uczenie się oraz późniejsze przywoływanie informacji. Jednak niewiele wiadomo na temat technik optymalizowania przywoływania myśli za pomocą metod mnemotechnicznych lub stosowalności metod mnemotechnicznych w praktyce edukacyjnej. Ponadto, w literaturze jest wiele przykładów metod i podejść mnemotechnicznych w chemii, biologii, fizyce czy matematyce, jednakże w literaturze fachowej brak jest aktualnych i miarodajnych badań na ten temat. Artykuł ten stanowi autorskie podejście do zagadnienia metod mnemotechnicznych z punktu widzenia uczenia i nauczania przedmiotów przyrodniczo-ścisłych. Dużym atutem artykułu jest demonstracja starych i dobrze znanych metod uczenia/nauczania w nowym wymiarze. Zgodnie z naszą wiedzą jest to pierwszy artykuł w literaturze opisujący aktualne dane na temat związany z uczeniem i studiowaniem przedmiotów ścisłych przy użyciu metod mnemotechnicznych

MEASURING PROBABILITIES IN ATTRACTION VISITATION

Many rural towns and villages fail to achieve their tourism development goals because the pulling power of their attractions is not strong enough. An appropriate combination of minor attractions may be an effective means of increasing the pulling power of these destinations. This study demonstrates a method for predicting the probability of a visit to other attractions based on the visitation of one attraction. Along with other analyses, a series of 11 bivariate logistic regression analyses predicts the probability of tourists visiting the 10 other attractions if they visited a specific attraction. For example, the results indicate that a visit to Sunset Crater may be nearly 19 times more likely when Wupatki National Monument is visited. The study demonstrates that separating natural and cultural attractions, while valid for solving many research problems, is of little value in understanding the behavior of general sightseeing visitors. The results of the research method may be useful for creating a strong image for the destination, cross-marketing attractions, developing packages that sell local lodging and food service, for advertising and for developing tours

The toxicological analysis of Cu, Mn and Zn as elemental impurities in pharmaceutical herbal products for teething available in pharmacies in Poland

The monitoring of elemental impurities (EIs) in pharmaceutical materials is often not adequately treated, although it is a very important topic because the directive ICH Q3D requires a wide range of elements, often at low concentrations, to be monitored. This article describes the quantitative toxicological analysis of copper, manganese and zinc as EIs in the pharmaceutical gels for teething containing herbs available in Poland. The levels of EIs were measured to evaluate whether the intake of these metals through the gels was within recommended levels. The flame absorption spectrometry (FAAS) following microwave induced digestion (concentrated nitric acid) was applied to determine the levels of Cu, Mn and Zn in the products. This article was motivated especially by the facts that: (i) herbs can be a potential source of EIs; (ii) Cu, Mn and Zn are essential trace elements in the infancy period; (iii) there is a general lack of data around the risk assessment associated with exposure to these EIs in this kind of pharmaceutical. Our safety assessment is based on triple approach including: (1) profile of EIs in gels; (2) the actual amount of EIs in the appropriate amount of gel applied with a single administration (one drop) and (3) the daily exposure of EIs in analysed teething pharmaceuticals due to the maximum daily dose. Our results show that all EI levels meet the standards of directive ICH Q3D. It can be concluded that all of the teething gels investigated, based on herbs, available in Polish pharmacies do not represents a health hazard to babies

The analysis of Cu, Mn and Zn content in prescription food for special medical purposes and modified milk products for newborns and infants available in Polish pharmacies from toxicological and nutritional point of view

Background: Prescription food for special medical purposes (FSMPs) and modified milk products (MMPs), available in pharmacies, are important for newborns and infants that are not breastfed. In the scientific literature there is a lack of comprehensive studies and corresponding safety assessment of the essential trace elements in these products. Objective: The aim of this article was determination of Cu, Mn and Zn levels in the most frequently available prescription FSMPs (n = 6) and MMPs (n = 6) available in Polish pharmacies. Methods Flame absorption spectrometry (FAAS) following microwave induced digestion (concentrated nitric acid) was applied to determine the levels of the elements in the products. Results: Our studies are based on a triple approach (1) the “raw results” of Cu, Mn and Zn levels (products in powdered form), (2) single intake - the level of each essential trace element consumed in one portion, (3) the daily intake depending on age and weight including comparison with Adequate Intake established by European Food Safety Authority. Conclusion: The results show the occurrence of differences between the manufacturer’s declared composition and the finished product for consumption. The prescription FSMPs in comparison to MMPs available in Polish pharmacies contain similar levels of Cu, Mn and Zn. Our results show additionally that all of the products do not represent a health hazard to the newborns and infants. This is a pioneer study in terms of the safety assessment, and quality of prescription FSMPs and MMPs available in Polish pharmacies from toxicological and nutritional point of view

Using the Car in a Fragile Rural Tourist Destination: A Social Representations Perspective

The visitor experience of place is inextricably linked to our ability to travel around an area at will, yet this mobility creates many problems especially in scenic rural areas of the UK. The study presented here attempts to unravel visitors’ experiences of mobility using Moscovici’s social representations approach. Travel diaries were employed to explore visitors’ transport choices and mobility patterns during the peak season in Purbeck, Dorset, UK. Analysis focuses on how such patterns reflect a social representation of mobility and the implications this has for visitor travel at destinations

The development of new methodology for determination of vincristine (VCR) in human serum using LC-MS/MS-based method for medical diagnostics

In this article, we have presented the development and validation of a rapid and sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of vincristine (VCR) in patient serum samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kinetex(®) (Singapore) column using a mobile phase consisting of 25 mM acetic acid and 0.3% formic acid (A) and methanol (B) in a gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The VCR and internal standard (vinblastine) were monitored using the multiple reaction monitoring mode under positive electrospray ionization. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.67 ng/mL, and the upper limit of quantification (ULOQ) was 250 ng/mL for VCR. The calculated values of LOD and LOQ for VCR were 0.075 and 0.228 ng/mL, respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the VCR concentration range of 1.0–250 ng/mL in serum. The intra- and inter-day precision and precision were within the generally accepted criteria for the bioanalytical method (<15%). The method was successfully applied to the analysis of serum samples in clinical practice