Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Peak Yield, Yield and Persistency Traits in Murciano-Granadina Goats Using Multi-Traits Models

This paper studies parameters of a lactation curve such as peak yield (PY) and persistency (P), which do not conform to the usual selection criteria in the Murciano-Granadina (MG) breed, but are considered to be an alternative to benefit animal welfare without reducing production. Using 315,663 production records (of 122,883 animals) over a period of 24 years (1990–2014), genetic parameters were estimated with uni-, bi- and multivariate analysis using multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFREML). The heritability (h2)/repeatability (re) of PY, yield (Y) and P was estimated as 0.13/0.19, 0.16/0.25 and 0.08/0.09 with the uni-trait and h2 of bi- and multi-traits analysis ranging from 0.16 to 0.17 of Y, while that of PY and Y remained constant. Genetic correlations were high between PY–Y (0.94 ± 0.011) but low between PY–P (–0.16 ± 0.054 to –0.17 ± 0.054) and between Y–P (–0.06 ± 0.058 to –0.05 ± 0.058). Estimates of h2/re were low to intermediate. The selection for Y–PY or both can be implemented given the genetic correlation between these traits. PY–P and Y–P showed low to negligible correlation values indicating that if these traits are implemented in the early stages of evaluation, they would not be to the detriment of PY–Y. The combination of estimated breeding values (EBVs) for all traits would be a good criterion for selection

Control genealógico en la raza murciano-granadina mediante el uso de microsatélites del ADN

One of bigger obstacles at present time for the development of the selection schemes on goats is the genealogical control, due to the peculiar management systems of dairy goats, especially in Spain, with polyestric breeds and the frequent practice of natural mating using several males for lot. Considering these facts, and as a basic measure in selection scheme of Murciano Granadina goat, a verification of the effectiveness of the fertilization and birth declarations in the three control nuclei integrated in the National Breeders Association of Murciano Granadina goat was done during the years 2004 to 2006. Molecular markers (microsatellites of DNA) were used for animals resulting of both natural mating and artificial insemitation. Results show, in 2004, 14.28% of maternal incompabilities in A.I. and a 10.5% error in parents assignment was observed in N.M. animals. For 2005, the father incompabilities were 11.11% in A.I., and there were 5.80 and 8.70% of asignation errors for fathers and mothers respectively in N.M. The analyses done in 2006 showed 10.2 and 4.08% of incompatible maternities or paternities for A.I., and 13.51% of mothers and 35.13% of fathers were erroneously assigned in N.M.Uno de los mayores frenos actuales para el desarrollo de los esquemas de selección en el caprino es el control genealógico, debido a los peculiares sistemas de explotación existentes, especialmente en España, en los que se dispone de razas poliéstricas y se acostumbra a basar las cubriciones en la monta natural empleando varios machos por lote. Con estas premisas y como medida de base en el Esquema de Selección de la raza caprina Murciano Granadina se abordó una verificación de la eficacia de las declaraciones de cubriciones y nacimientos en los tres núcleos de control integrados en la Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caprino de raza Murciano Granadina entre los años 2004 y 2006, utilizando para ello marcadores moleculares (microsatélites del ADN), tanto de los animales resultantes de la monta natural (M.N.) como de la inseminación artificial (I.A.). Los resultados de esta evaluación arrojaron para el año 2004 un 14,28% de maternidades incompatibles en I.A. y un 10,5% de error en asignación tanto de padres como de madres para animales de M.N. En el año 2005, para animales de I.A. se detectó un 11,11% de incompatibilidades de padre, en tanto que en M.N., se observaron errores de asignación de padre del 5,80% y del 8,70% de madres. En los análisis de 2006 se obtuvieron un 10,2% de maternidades y 4,08% de paternidades incompatibles en I.A., para M.N. se obtuvieron un 13,51% de madres erróneamente asignadas y un 35,13% para el caso de las paternidades

Segureño lambs lineal assessment methodology for the genetic evaluation of post mortem characters

The breeders association (ANCOS), using observations of its techniques, aims to define a method based in ante morten linear evaluation of body characteristics of lambs to be used in the genetic evaluation of their parents. The chosen criteria will be those showing the best repeatability among observations and among assessors; but also in function of the levels of correlation with post mortem characteristics with high economic impact, such as carcass and main pieces weights and yields, and specially with respect the assessment of the lambs in function of the requirements of the Protected Geographical Indication (IGP).La Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Ovino Segureño, basándose en observaciones de sus técnicos, trata de poner a punto una técnica, basada en la calificación lineal ante morten de los corderos, que sea útil en la evaluación genética de los progenitores. Se elegirán los criterios que muestren mayor repetibilidad entre observaciones y entre calificadores y mejor correlación con caracteres post morten de alto impacto económico, como los pesos y rendimientos de la canal y piezas nobles y, sobre todo, con la calificación de los corderos según las directrices de la IGP (Indicación Geográfica Protegida)

Program of assisted reproduction in the segureña sheep breed

The results of the assisted reproduction program by means of the artificial insemination using fresh semen obtained in the ram centre of the National Association of Breeders of the Segureña Sheep (ANCOS) are shown. The index of fertility obtained is slightly higher than 40 percent and the index of prolificacy over 150 percent, standing out that these results do not correspond to a experimental station or intensive herds, in spite of this they have been obtained in hard conditions and clearly extensive systems. The success in the use of this tool have contributed to the location of the Segureña scheme of selection on the top of the Spanish meat sheep breeds.Se muestran los resultados del programa de reproducción asistida mediante inseminación artificial a base de semen fresco obtenido en el centro de sementales de la Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Ovino Segureño (ANCOS). Los índices de fertilidad fueron ligeramente superiores a 40 p.100 y la prolificidad media llegó a 150 p.100, resultados de especial valor al no corresponder a estaciones experimentales ni intensivas, sino a condiciones netamente extensivas y geográficas muy adversas. El éxito en el uso de esta herramienta ha contribuido en la colocación del esquema de selección de la oveja Segureña en lo más alto del ovino de carne español

Efficacy of psychological interventions on psychological outcomes in coronary artery disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The benefits of cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) and positive psychology therapy (PPT) in patients with cardiovascular disease are still not well defined. We assessed the efficacy of CBT and PPT on psychological outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Randomized controlled trials evaluating CBT or PPT in CAD patients published until May 2018 were systematically analyzed. Primary outcomes were depression, stress, anxiety, anger, happiness, and vital satisfaction. Random effects meta-analyses using the inverse variance method were performed. Effects were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean differences (MD) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs); risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane tool. Nineteen trials were included (n = 1956); sixteen evaluated CBT (n = 1732), and three PPT (n = 224). Compared with control groups, depressive symptoms (13 trials; SMD -0.80; 95% CI -1.33 to -0.26), and anxiety (11 trials; SMD -1.26; 95% CI -2.11 to -0.41) improved after the PI, and depression (6 trials; SMD -2.08; 95% CI -3.22 to -0.94), anxiety (5 trials; SMD -1.33; 95% CI -2.38 to -0.29), and stress (3 trials; SMD -3.72; 95% CI -5.91 to -1.52) improved at the end of follow-up. Vital satisfaction was significantly increased at follow-up (MD 1.30, 0.27, 2.33). Non-significant effects on secondary outcomes were found. Subgroup analyses were consistent with overall analyses. CBT and PPT improve several psychological outcomes in CAD patients. Depression and anxiety improved immediately after the intervention while stress and vital satisfaction improve in the mid-term. Future research should assess the individual role of CBT and PPT in CAD populations.Dr. Bueno receives research funding from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (PIE16/00021 &PI17/01799), Astra-Zeneca, BMS, Janssen and Novartis; has received consulting fees from Astra-Zeneca, Bayer, BMS-Pfizer, Novartis; and speaking fees or support for attending scientific meetings from Astra-Zeneca, Bayer, BMS-Pfizer, Novartis, and MEDSCAPE-theheart.org. Dr. Jurado receives research funding from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spain (PSI2015-68851-P). Dr. Magán, Dr. Jurado, Dr. Redondo and Dr. Bueno have received funding from Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid – Spain (2015-18). Dr. Hernandez receives funding from the Agency Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) (HHSA290201500012I). The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505).S

Genetic parameters of the prolificacy in the segureña sheep. Preliminary results

In the present paper the genetic parameters for the prolificacy of the Segureña sheep are presented. They have been obtained using an animal model enclosing repeated observations over the information collected from the meat control program of the breed. The model enclosed as fixed effects the combination of herd-year, the season and the age of the ewe as a lineal and quadratic covariate; and the animal additive genotype and permanent environmental effects as randomized. We have used a data base enclosing 100534 registered births in 54674 ewes of 151 farms, between the years 1999 and 2002, resulting a mean of 1.8 parturions by ewe, what is sufficient to get a good estimation of the permanent environmental effect. The values obtained for the heritability and the repeatability have been 0.04 and 0.08 respectively. These values are enclosed in the limits of the specie. We are also showing the values of the additive and phenotypic variances, together with the permanent environmental variance. This is the first estimation of genetic parameters developed in this breed with real data obtained in a meat control program, what is an important advance in the scientific knowledge of the breed.En el presente trabajo se presentan los valores de los parámetros genéticos para la prolificidad de la oveja Segureña, obtenidos a partir de la utilización de un modelo animal con observaciones repetidas sobre la información generada en los núcleos de control de rendimiento cárnico de la raza. El modelo ha incluido como efectos fijos la combinación rebaño-año, la época del año y la edad de la oveja como covariable lineal y cuadrática; y como efectos aleatorios, el genotipo aditivo del animal y el efecto ambiental permanente. Se ha utilizado una base de información de 100534 partos registrados en 54674 animales de 151 ganaderías entre los años 1999 y 2002, lo que supuso un promedio de 1,8 partos registrados por animal, suficiente para obtener una buena estimación del efecto ambiental permanente. Los valores observados para la heredabilidad y para la repetibilidad han sido de 0,04 y de 0,08 respectivamente. Valores dentro de los límites de la especie. También se aportan valores de las varianzas aditiva, fenotípica total y ambiental permanente. Es ésta la primera estimación de parámetros genéticos que se realiza en esta raza con datos de campo, lo que supone un importante avance en el conocimiento científico de la misma

Development of a screening test for cognitive impairment in alcoholic population: TEDCA.

ntroducción. Numerosos estudios han encontrado alteraciones cognitivas en pacientes con historia de trastorno por consumo de alcohol, afectando su funcionamiento psicosocial y consecución de objetivos terapéuticos. Para identificar estas afectaciones se han utilizado pruebas de cribado cognitivo a pesar de que no han sido diseñadas para esta población, aumentando el riesgo de error. Objetivo. Valorar los principales déficits cognitivos en pacientes con historia de trastorno por consumo de alcohol, para desarrollar una prueba de cribado de alteraciones cognitivas específica para estos pacientes. Metodología. El TEDCA (Test de detección de deterioro cognitivo en alcoholismo) se diseñó en base a tres dimensiones: Cognición Viso-espacial, Memoria/Aprendizaje y Función Ejecutiva. El estudio se dividió en dos fases: En la fase 1 se seleccionaron las pruebas con mayor capacidad de discriminación entre pacientes con diferentes niveles de afectación cognitiva, y en la fase 2 se realizaron los análisis de validez y fiabilidad. La muestra estuvo formada por 248 participantes, 88 controles (fase 2) y 160 pacientes (fase 1: n=70 y fase 2: n=90). Resultados. El TEDCA obtuvo una fiabilidad elevada (alfa de Cronbach 0.754), el análisis factorial confirmó la presencia de las 3 dimensiones definidas previamente, dis- criminó entre pacientes y controles, y presenta una buena validez diagnóstica de afectación cognitiva. Conclusiones. El TEDCA es una nueva prueba de cribado, que permite identificar la posible presencia de afectación cognitiva en pacientes con historia de trastorno por onsumo de alcohol, que puede ser utilizado en los ámbitos de psiquiatría, atención primaria e investigación.post-print146 K

Study of the prolificacy in the segureña sheep. Preliminary results

The prolificacy of the Segureña sheep breed as a expresión of its potential numerical productivity is under study in the last years because this trait is considered as a selection criteria as the weight and daily gains. We have analizad more that 207850 parturitions. The results obatined here are expresed as a function of the number of parturition of each ewe and the month of parturition, showing mean values around 1.30 lambs by parturition, very interesting taking into account the conditions of exterme hardness in extensive systems where the breed is exploited.La prolificidad de la raza Segureña como expresión de la productividad numérica potencial que atesora la población está siendo estudiada en los últimos años pues este parámetro podría considerarse como un posible criterio de selección al igual que las variables de pesos y crecimientos. Se analizan más de 207850 partos. Los resultados obtenidos se expresan en función del número de parto de la hembra y mes de parto, obteniéndose valores medios en torno a 1,30 corderos por parto cifra interesante teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de extrema dureza en extensivo en las que se produce esta raza

Use of Spline function for the characterisation on peak yield, peak day and persistency in lactation curves in Murciano-Granadina goats

The objective of this study was to characterise the peak yield (PY), peak day (PD) and the persistency (P) of the lactation curve of Murciano-Granadina goats by Spline considering the variation factors (region, type of kidding, lactation number and season) and their levels. A total of 1,349,347 test-day records from 180,872 lactations, of 85,404 goats were used. The analysed data with Spline model was considered for adequate fit in lactation curves for others traits in these goats. All factors affected the scale and/or shape of the lactation curve. In the region factor, significant differences (SD, p  .05) between regions. The type of kidding presented SD among its levels (evident between double versus single and triple) with the exception of the PY. The lactation number for the variables of PD, PY and TY from second to fifth lactation showed NSD among themselves; but it did in the case of the first. The P of first lactation was longer, with a decrease in subsequent lactations. In the season factor, PD, TY and P presented SD; where the PD was divided into two groups: late group (winter-spring) and early group (fall-winter). The P, PY and PD can be considered as an additional selection criterion and thus modify the lactation curve.Highlights The biomodeling of individualized lactation curves is an important information resource for farmers and their breeding program. A conglomerate of microeffects such us climate, photoperiod, agroecological aspects, affect parameters of the lactation curve and their productions. It is preferable to achieve lactations with more emphasis on persistency in order to provide animal welfare and obtain adequate economic benefits