Migration routes and non-breeding areas of Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) from the Azores

We describe the migration routes and non-breeding areas of Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) from the Azores Archipelago, based on ringing (banding) recoveries and tracking of three birds using geolocators. Over 20 years, there have been 55 transatlantic recoveries of Common Terns from the Azores population: six from Argentina and 49 from Brazil. The three tracked birds migrated south in different months (August, September, November), but the northern migration was more synchronous, with all leaving in April. The birds were tracked to three areas of the South American coast: the male spent November–April on the northern Brazilian coast (13°N–2°S), whereas the two females first spent some time off central-eastern Brazil (4–16°S; one for 1 week, the other for 3 months) and then moved south to the coast of south-eastern Brazil, Uruguay and northern Argentina (24–39°S). Although caution is needed given the small sample size and errors associated with geolocation, the three tracked terns potentially travelled a total of ~23 200 km to and returning from their non-breeding areas, representing an average movement of ~500 km day–1. With the exception of Belém, in northern Brazil, and Lagoa do Peixe, in southern Brazil, the coastal areas used by the tracked birds were also those with concentrations of ringing recoveries, confirming their importance as non-breeding areas for birds from the Azores

Ocorrência de anticorpos e fatores de risco associados à infecção por Leptospira spp. em Cebus spp. mantidos em cativeiro no Nordeste do Brasil

Estudou-se a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Leptospira e os fatores de risco associados à infecção em primatas do gênero Cebus mantidos em cativeiro no Nordeste do Brasil. Foram analisadas 139 amostras de soro sanguíneo de diferentes espécies de primatas de ambos os sexos e idades variadas. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos empregou-se a técnica de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM) e para estudo dos fatores de risco utilizou-se análise multivariada. Foram observados anticorpos anti-Leptospira, sorovar Patoc em 6,5% dos primatas (09/139). O fator de risco identificado nesse estudo foi a não higienização diária de bebedouros (Odds ratio=12,095; IC 95% = 1,73-84,52; p=0,012,). Conclui-se que a população de Cebus mantidos em cativeiros no Nordeste do Brasil está exposta à infecção por anticorpos anti-Leptospira e que medidas corretivas de manejo dos animais, especificamente aquelas relacionadas à higienização diária de bebedouros devem ser implementadas para reduzir o risco de infecção por sorovares de Leptospira spp

Posição da folha e estádio fenológico do ramo para análise foliar do pinhão-manso Leaf position and phenological stage of branch for leaf analysis of Jatropha plants

A análise foliar é uma ferramenta imprescindível na predição de possíveis desordens nutricionais e avaliação do estádio nutricional das plantas. Este procedimento só é efetivo se a amostragem for feita com padronização da posição da folha no ramo e do tipo de ramo. Objetivou-se com este trabalho definir a posição da folha no ramo e o tipo de ramo mais apropriado para diagnosticar o estádio nutricional de plantas de pinhão-manso. O ensaio consistiu de uma combinação fatorial (5 x 2), com cinco posições da folha no ramo (1º, 2º, 3º, 5º e 10º nós do ramo do ápice para a base) e dois tipos de ramo (vegetativo ou florífero) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Cada amostra de folha foi colhida em 4 ramos secundários de 20 plantas na fase de florescimento. As folhas das posições 2 e 3 são as mais adequadas para análise foliar de N, P, K, S, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn, pois apresentam valores médios mais estáveis quando comparadas com as demais posições estudadas. As folhas nas posições 5 ou 10 são mais apropriadas para avaliação de Ca e Mg. O estádio fenológico do ramo não influencia os teores de nutrientes, exceto de Cu e Fe.<br>Leaf analysis is an important tool for prediction of nutritional disorders and evaluation of nutritional status of plants. This procedure only can be effective if samples are standardized regarding leaf position and phenological stage of the branch. This study had the objective of defining the most appropriate leaf position and type of branch for nutritional diagnosis of Jatropha plants. A factorial combination of five leaf positions (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, and 10th node from apex to base) and two types of branch (vegetative and flowering) was adopted in a completely randomized design with four replications. Each leaf sample was collected in 4 secondary branches of 20 plants in the flowering phase. Leaves in the position 2 and 3 are the most adequate for analyzing N, P, K, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, because they present mean values more stable when compared to the other studied positions. Leaves in the position 5 and 10 are more adequate for analyzing Ca and Mg. The phenological stage of the branch does not influence nutrient content, except of Cu and Fe

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications