Nutritional plans and its effects on productive, physiological and economic indices of broilers

The aimed of this study was to evaluate nutritional plans effects on production, physiological and economic rates of Hubbard Flex broiler breed. The experiment was completely randomized, with five treatments, being the reference treatment based on nutrient and energy levels indicated by Rostagno et al. (2011) and the others calculated from this ( -3 % , -1.5 % , + 1.5 % and + 3 % ). Cumulative performance was evaluated at the end of each growing phase, at 35 and 42 days old superficial and body temperatures, at 42 days old carcass yield, relative organs weights, breast composition and economic viability. At 35 and 42 days old energy increased and nutrient levels reduced feed intake and improved feed conversion. A better breast composition was observed better with increased nutrient and energy levels. Costs increased with increasing dietary plans. Wing, back and cloacal temperature were not affected by dietary plans, and consequently superficial body rates temperatures. Effect on energetic and nutritional levels increased on liver, gizzard and the small intestine weights were observed. Were conclude that increasing nutrient and energy levels had better feed intake , feed conversion rate, economic efficiency and breast composition, as body temperature was not affected. However , economic analysis showed worst result to higher levels within each plan.Mestre em Ciências VeterináriasObjetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de planos nutricionais sobre índices produtivos, fisiológicos e econômicos de frangos de corte da linhagem Hubbard Flex. O experimento foi inteiramente casualizado, composto de cinco tratamentos, sendo o tratamento referência baseado nos níveis nutricionais e energéticos indicados por Rostagno et al. (2011) e os demais calculados a partir deste (-3%, -1,5%, +1,5% e +3%). Foi avaliado o desempenho acumulado ao final de cada fase da criação, aos 35 e 42 dias de idade as temperaturas superficial e corporal, e aos 42 dias o rendimento de carcaça, pesos relativos de órgãos, composição do peito e a viabilidade econômica. Aos sete, 35 e 42 dias de idade o aumento dos níveis nutricionais e energéticos reduziu o consumo de ração e melhorou a conversão alimentar. Observou-se melhores resultados para composição do peito com o aumento dos níveis nutricionais e energéticos. O índice de custo aumentou com o aumento dos planos nutricionais. As temperaturas de asa, dorso e cloaca não foram afetadas pelos planos nutricionais, e consequentemente as temperaturas superficial média e corporal. Observou-se efeito do aumento dos níveis nutricionais e energéticos nos pesos do fígado, moela e do intestino delgado. Conclui-se que o aumento dos níveis nutricionais e energéticos proporcionou um melhor consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, índice de eficiência econômica e composição de peito, sendo que a temperatura corporal não foi afetada. Entretanto, a análise econômica demonstrou pior resultado ao aumento dos níveis dentro de cada plano

Supplementation of glycosaminoglycans in broiler ration

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2019-05-22T13:59:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Julyana Machado da Silva Martins - 2018.pdf: 3257774 bytes, checksum: 18efc337cb4ae2ffb229acf4c4dea1f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2019-05-23T13:56:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Julyana Machado da Silva Martins - 2018.pdf: 3257774 bytes, checksum: 18efc337cb4ae2ffb229acf4c4dea1f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-23T13:56:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Julyana Machado da Silva Martins - 2018.pdf: 3257774 bytes, checksum: 18efc337cb4ae2ffb229acf4c4dea1f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESTwo experiments were carried out to evaluate performance, hematology and serum biochemistry, locomotor problems, bone and cartilage development, and nutrient metabolizability of broilers supplemented with glycosaminoglycans on ration. The first experiment was conducted in completely randomized design, in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme (three levels of chondroitin sulfate: 0, 0.05, 0.10%, and three levels of glucosamine sulfate: 0, 0.15 and 0.30%), each treatment with six replicates of 30 birds. It was evaluated variables of performance, gait score, valgus and varus, hematology and serum biochemistry, carcass yield, femoral degeneration, tibial dyschondroplasia, macroscopy of tibia and articular cartilage, bone densitometry and strength, bone mineral profile, chondrocyte number, proteoglycans and type II collagen detection tibia articular cartilage, and gene expression of MMP-9 metalloproteinase and its inhibitor in femur articular cartilage. Glucosamine sulfate supplementation increased weight gain at 35 and 42 days old (p = 0.0470 and p = 0.0385, respectively). Chondroitin and glucosamine sulfates reduced the frequency of gait score (p = 0.0067 and p = 0.0001, respectively), and valgus and varus (p = 0.0138 and p = 0.0002, respectively). Glucosamine sulfate reduced frequency of femoral degeneration in the right (p = 0.0139) and left (p < 0.0001) femurs and linearly increased (p = 0.0284) the proliferating cartilage area. Interaction (p < 0.05) was observed of sulfates for leukocytes, lymphocytes, triacylglycerols, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and total calcium at 21 days; high density lipoprotein (HDL) and ionic calcium at 21 and 42 days; and for phosphorus, chlorides and sodium at 42 days. Chondroitin sulfate increased linearly (p = 0.0099) albumin and quadratic (p = 0.0140) total serum proteins at 21 days, and linearly (p = 0.0012) calcium blood at 42 days. Glucosamine sulfate linearly reduced (p = 0.0237) the chlorides at 21 days and demonstrated a quadratic effect (p = 0.0450) for albumin at 42 days. There was interaction (p < 0.05) of sulfates for tibial length at 21 days, proximal epiphysis width at 21 and 42 days, and epiphysis distal at 42 days, transverse and medial thickness of articular cartilage of proximal epiphysis at 21 days, and distal epiphysis at 42 days. At 42 days, there was a quadratic effect of glucosamine sulfate levels on tibial length (p = 0.0320) and increasing linear on distal articular cartilage weight (p = 0.0322). There was a higher percentage of calcium (p = 0.0009) and phosphorus (p = 0.0007) on tibia at 21 days with inclusion of glucosamine sulfate, as well as interaction (p < 0.0001) of sulfates for calcium at 42 days. There was interaction (p < 0.05) of sulfates for chondrocytes number, collagen type II and proteoglycans at 21 and 42 days, and for MMP-9 genes expression and its inhibitor at 42 days. The second experiment was performed in completely randomized design, was used in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (two levels of chondroitin sulfate: 0 and 0.10%, and two levels of glucosamine sulfate: 0 and 0.30%), with eight replicates of 10 birds. Performance, feed nutrient metabolization and intestinal histomorphometry were evaluated. At 21 days old, broilers supplemented with glucosamine sulfate presented greater weight gain (p = 0.0229). There was interaction (p < 0.05) of sulfates for the metabolic coefficients of nitrogen, mineral matter and calcium, and for jejunum villi height. It was concluded that supplementation with glucosamine sulfate in broiler ration increased weight gain and stimulated intestinal histomorphometry and together with the chondroitin sulfate improved the locomotion condition and the bony and cartilaginous development. Sulfates alone promoted greater metabolism of minerals.Foram realizados dois experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho, a hematologia e a bioquímica sérica, os problemas locomotores, o desenvolvimento ósseo e cartilaginoso e a metabolizabilidade de nutrientes de frangos de corte suplementados com glicosaminoglicanos na ração. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 (três níveis de sulfato de condroitina: 0; 0,05; 0,10%; e três níveis de sulfato de glucosamina: 0; 0,15 e 0,30%), cada tratamento com seis repetições de 30 aves. Foram avaliadas as variáveis de desempenho, gait score, valgus e varus, hematologia e bioquímica sérica, rendimento de carcaça, degeneração femoral, discondroplasia tibial, macroscopia da tíbia e da cartilagem articular, densitometria e resistência óssea, perfil de minerais ósseo, número de condrócitos, proteoglicanos e colágeno tipo II na cartilagem articular da tíbia, e expressão gênica da metaloproteinase MMP-9 e seu inibidor na cartilagem articular do fêmur. A suplementação com sulfato de glucosamina aumentou o ganho de peso aos 35 e 42 dias de idade (p = 0,0470 e p = 0,0385, respectivamente). Os sulfatos de condroitina e de glucosamina reduziram a frequência de gait score (p = 0,0067 e p = 0,0001, respectivamente) e de valgus e varus (p = 0,0138 e p = 0,0002, respectivamente). O sulfato de glucosamina reduziu a frequência de degeneração femoral nos fêmures direito (p = 0,0139) e esquerdo (p < 0,0001) e aumentou linearmente (p = 0,0284) a área da cartilagem em proliferação. Observou-se interação (p < 0,05) dos sulfatos para leucócitos, linfócitos, triacilgliceróis, lipoproteína de muito baixa densidade (VLDL) e cálcio total aos 21 dias; lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL) e cálcio iônico aos 21 e 42 dias; e para fósforo, cloretos e sódio aos 42 dias. O sulfato de condroitina aumentou linearmente (p = 0,0099) a albumina, e de forma quadrática (p = 0,0140) as proteínas séricas totais aos 21 dias, e linearmente (p = 0,0012) o cálcio no sangue aos 42 dias. O sulfato de glucosamina reduziu linearmente (p = 0,0237) os cloretos aos 21 dias e demonstrou um efeito quadrático (p = 0,0450) para albumina aos 42 dias. Houve interação (p < 0,05) dos sulfatos para comprimento da tíbia aos 21 dias, largura da epífise proximal aos 21 e 42 dias e epífise distal aos 42 dias, espessura transversal e medial da cartilagem articular da epífise proximal aos 21 dias e da epífise distal aos 42 dias. Aos 42 dias, observou-se efeito quadrático do sulfato de glucosamina sobre o comprimento da tíbia (p = 0,0320) e linear crescente sobre o peso da cartilagem articular distal (p = 0,0322). Verificou-se maior porcentagem de cálcio (p = 0,0009) e fósforo (p = 0,0007) na tíbia aos 21 dias com a inclusão de sulfato de glucosamina, bem como interação (p < 0,0001) dos sulfatos para cálcio aos 42 dias. Houve interação (p < 0,05) dos sulfatos para número de condrócitos, colágeno tipo II e proteoglicanos aos 21 e 42 dias, e para a expressão gênica da MMP-9 e seu inibidor aos 42 dias. O segundo experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (dois níveis de sulfato de condroitina: 0 e 0,10%; e dois níveis de sulfato de glucosamina: 0 e 0,30%), com oito repetições de 10 aves. Foram avaliados o desempenho, a metabolização dos nutrientes da ração e a histomorfometria intestinal. Aos 21 dias de idade, os frangos suplementados com sulfato de glucosamina apresentaram maior ganho de peso (p = 0,0229). Houve interação (p < 0,05) dos sulfatos para os coeficientes de metabolização de nitrogênio, de matéria mineral e de cálcio, e para a altura de vilo do jejuno. Conclui-se, que a suplementação com sulfato de glucosamina na ração aumentou o ganho de peso e estimulou a histomorfometria intestinal, e em conjunto com o sulfato de condroitina melhoraram a condição de locomoção e o desenvolvimento ósseo e cartilaginoso. Os sulfatos isoladamente promoveram maior metabolização de minerais

Saúde mental de pacientes com câncer durante isolamento social:: um relato de experiência

Objective: to report the impacts on mental health of cancer patients assisted by a non-profit institution before SarsCoV-2. Method: A series of activities were developed: meetings with employees, later with patients and companions, reduction in the number of consultations and suspension of projects. Result: It is believed that the institution's performance, through these actions, contributed to the strengthening of adequate information, minimizing the psychic effects of the population served. Conclusion: It is considered that although the pandemic is affecting mental health not only at individual levels, but at the social level, with this, the preventive measures adopted by the nongovernmental organization were to continue caring for each patient with attention and respect.Objetivo: relatar os impactos na saúde mental dos pacientes com câncer assistidos por uma instituição sem fins lucrativos diante da Sars-CoV-2. Método: Desenvolveu-se uma série de atividades: reuniões com os colaboradores, posteriormente com os pacientes e acompanhantes, redução no número de atendimentos e suspensão de projetos. Resultado: Acredita-se que a atuação da instituição, por meio dessas ações, contribuiu para o fortalecimento de informações adequadas minimizando os efeitos psíquicos da população atendida. Conclusão: Considera-se que embora a pandemia esteja afetando a saúde mental não só em níveis individuais, mas no social, com isso, as medidas de prevenção adotadas pela organização não governamental foram para continuar cuidando de cada paciente com atenção e respeito.Objetivo: reportar los impactos en la salud mental de los pacientes con cáncer asistidos por una institución sin fines de lucro antes del Sars-CoV-2. Método: Se desarrollaron una serie de actividades: reuniones con empleados, posteriormente con pacientes y acompañantes, reducción del número de consultas y suspensión de proyectos. Resultado: Se cree que el desempeño de la institución, a través de estas acciones, contribuyó al fortalecimiento de la información adecuada, minimizando los efectos psíquicos de la población atendida. Conclusión: Se considera que si bien la pandemia está afectando la salud mental no solo a nivel individual, sino a nivel social, con ello, las medidas preventivas adoptadas por la organización no gubernamental fueron continuar atendiendo a cada paciente con atención y respet

EFEITO DE DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE ENERGIA E PROTEÍNA NA RAÇÃO SOBRE O DESEMPENHO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE DA LINHAGEM COBB AVIAN 48TM

The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of Cobb Avian 48MT broilers supplemented with different protein and energy levels. The experimental statistics design adopted was completely randomized, composed of three treatments and ten replications, named treatment 1 (low energy and protein level); treatment 2 (medium energy and protein level); and treatment 3 (high energy and protein level). The performance variables analyzed were the average feed consumption, average live weight, real and traditional feed conversion, and viability on the 7tn and 42nd day of age. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey’s means comparison test at 5% probability. There was no difference (p> 0.05) in the performance of Cobb Avian 48TM at 7 days of age between the tested treatments for feed consumption, real and traditional feed conversion, and viability. However, the live weight difference was significant, where the medium treatment for levels of energy and protein was statistically equal to the low and high-level treatments. There were significant differences for the live weight, real and traditional feed conversion, where medium and high energy and protein treatments were those that showed the best results. It can be concluded that the feedstuffs with medium and high protein and energy level resulted in better results for live weight at all phases and for feed conversion at 42 days of age

COMPOSIÇÃO BROMATOLÓGICA, ENERGIA METABOLIZÁVEL E DIGESTIBILIDADE DE NITROGÊNIO E EXTRATO ETÉREO DE AMOSTRAS DE MILHO E SORGO PARA FRANGOS DE CORTE EM DIFERENTES IDADES

This study aimed to determine the chemical composition, apparent metabolizable energy (EMA ) and nitrogen corrected (EMAn ) , digestibility of nitrogen (N) and ether extract (EE) of corn , and four varieties of sorghum , and compare the values for chickens at a young age and slaughter . For this , it was proceeded two metabolism trials , using male broilers chicks of CobbAvian 48 lineage. In the first trial 90 birds of 14 at 21 days of age were divided into six treatments with five replications. Was tested four samples such as food grain sorghum , a commercial and research samples parental AS4620 , AS4610 and DKB550 , a commercial grain and corn. Then, 45 of 33 broilers at 40 days of age, three treatments with five replications were used. Foods tested were commercial maize and sorghum. The method was based in the total collection of excreta digestibility of this procedure, the ingested food every five days was related to excreta produced by birds in each cage in the period . The parental strains of sorghum performed better composition. From 14 to 21 days of age N digestibility was higher than corn grain sorghum tested. There was interaction between food and testing on the digestibility of nitrogen ( p < 0.05 ) at the ages tested. The digestibility of EE was statistically different for corn and sorghum, regardless of age, the corn had 1.99 % more digestible. The EMA, EMAn and EE, was better from 33 to 40 days of age. Thus, the results suggest sorghum as a probable replacement of corn in diets for broilers and poultry slaughter age had higher EMA, EMAn, N digestibility and EE

Antioxidant effect of the guava byproduct in the diet of broilers in the starter phase

ABSTRACT This work aimed to investigate the antioxidant capacity of the guava agroindustrial waste as a functional additive in broiler feed to improve the performance and meat quality of boilers. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, consisting of four treatments and six replicates with 12 birds. Treatments included different levels of guava byproduct in the feed: 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%. We evaluated the performance of broilers at 7 and 21 days old. At 21 days old, two birds from each experimental unit were euthanized for intestine histologic evaluation (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and breast and deboned thigh samples were collected for analyzes of pH, colorimetry (L*, a*, and b*), and thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS). The use of guava byproduct in the diet at 7 days old did not affect feed intake and feed conversion of the birds. However, the body weight and weight gain increased linearly with the inclusion of the byproduct. At 21 days old, the guava byproduct did not depress the performance of birds. There was no effect of treatments on villus height, crypt depth, and villus:crypt ratio of the duodenum and jejunum of the birds. The inclusion of guava byproduct resulted in lower crypt depth and linear increase in villus:crypt ratio of the ileum. There was no significant difference in pH and colorimetry of the breast and thigh. With increasing inclusion of byproduct, TBARS value was reduced to 0.72%, indicating greater lipid stability in thigh meat in this inclusion amount. Guava byproduct can be used as an alternative antioxidant additive in broiler feed because it does not depress the productive performance and improves thigh meat quality of boilers