9 research outputs found

    estudio prospectivo en Uruguay

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    La investigación tiene como objetivo determinar y analizar el costo en la pandemia del Sars-cov2 en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (en adelante UCI). En forma conjunta, determinar el costo por paciente, por día y por cama en casos de obesidad para Uruguay en la misma Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Especialmente, identificar el desvío entre el costo de pacientes internados en UCI con obesidad y sin obesidad. Esto implica la definición operacional de los componentes y de las variables, que incluye la metodología, y establecer la forma en que éstas son incorporadas para el cálculo de costos y resultados en salud. Se trata de una metodología prospectiva, con uso de estadísticos descriptivos. Los datos muestran que el 80% de los pacientes en UCI tenían un Índice de Masa Corporal superior a 30. Los costos considerados directos implican tratamientos médicos, recursos fungibles y fármacos, camillas, tomógrafos con ventilación especial para traslados que no suelen estar diseñados para pesos superiores a 150 kgs del paciente. Como resultado, se abren alternativas de acciones en la sociedad, dirigidas al tratamiento preventivo y la medición de potenciales ahorros en recursos públicos y del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo en 261 pacientes, entre los meses de mayo y julio de 2021. Las variables estudiadas de costo responden a día paciente, día cama, fármacos, insumos médicos fungibles, alimentación, costo por recursos humanos médicos y no médicos, y equipamiento de largo plazo específico para la atención hospitalaria en UCI. Para la obtención del costo total de un día paciente y de un día cama, se sumaron los costos directos e indirectos, expresados en dólares estadounidenses a la fecha de utilización del recurso. El costo para pacientes con obesidad y sin obesidad se calcula enfatizando el tiempo medio de internación en UCI (estancia en días). Resultados: Se observó una mayor estancia en UCI para pacientes obesos, en algunos meses observados duplicando los días promedio que para los no obesos. El costo diario por cama ocupada en UCI resulta en $1.585 dólares estadounidenses, resultado alineado a los reportados por UCI de otros países en la región. [Resumen de los autores

    Ultrasonographic measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter to detect intracranial hypertension: an observational study

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    Abstract Objectives To evaluate the ultrasonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) as a predictor of intracranial hypertension as compared to the invasive measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP). Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of two tertiary university hospitals in Montevideo, Uruguay. Patients We included 56 adult patients, over 18 years of age, who required sedation, mechanical ventilation, and invasive ICP monitoring as a result of a severe acute neurologic injury (traumatic or non-traumatic) and had a Glascow Coma Score (GCS) equal to or less than 8 on admission to the ICU. Interventions Ultrasonographic measurement of ONSD to detect intracranial hypertension. Measurements and main results In our study, a logistic regression model was performed in which it was observed that the variable ONSD is statistically significant with a p value of 0.00803 ( 20 mmHg are correctly identified). Conclusions In sedated neurocritical patients, with structural Acute Brain Injury, the ONSD measurement correlates with the invasive measurement of ICP. It was observed that with ONSD values less than 5.7 mm, the probability of being in the presence of ICP above 20 mmHg is very low, while for ONSD values greater than 5.7 mm, said probability clearly increases

    Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Enterobacteria Harboring the aac(6′)-Ib-cr Variant Isolated from Feces of Inpatients in an Intensive Care Unit in Uruguay▿

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    The presence of aac(6′)-Ib-cr is associated with decreased susceptibility to aminoglycosides (kanamycin, amikacin, and tobramycin) and to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin (9). This allelic variant of aac(6′)-Ib was found to be linked to the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) gene blaCTX-M-15 in isolates from many countries (4, 6, 7), while association of aac(6′)-Ib with the blaCTX-M-2 ESBL gene has been widely reported in Uruguay and Argentina (3, 11).Fil: Cordeiro, Nicolás F.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Robino, Luciana. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Medina, Julio. Hospital de Clinicas Dr. Manuel Quintela; UruguayFil: Seija, Verónica. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Bado, Inés. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: García, Virginia. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Berro, Maximiliano. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Pontet, Julio. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: López, Lucía. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Bazet, Cristina. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Rieppi, Gloria. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Gutkind, Gabriel Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Ayala, Juan A.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Vignoli, Rafael. Universidad de la República; Urugua

    The Bind that Ties: Socioemotional Wealth Preservation in Family Firms

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    Abstracts from the 13th WINFOCUS World Congress on Ultrasound in Emergency & Critical Care

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    Evolution over Time of Ventilatory Management and Outcome of Patients with Neurologic Disease∗

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    OBJECTIVES: To describe the changes in ventilator management over time in patients with neurologic disease at ICU admission and to estimate factors associated with 28-day hospital mortality. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of three prospective, observational, multicenter studies. SETTING: Cohort studies conducted in 2004, 2010, and 2016. PATIENTS: Adult patients who received mechanical ventilation for more than 12 hours. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Among the 20,929 patients enrolled, we included 4,152 (20%) mechanically ventilated patients due to different neurologic diseases. Hemorrhagic stroke and brain trauma were the most common pathologies associated with the need for mechanical ventilation. Although volume-cycled ventilation remained the preferred ventilation mode, there was a significant (p < 0.001) increment in the use of pressure support ventilation. The proportion of patients receiving a protective lung ventilation strategy was increased over time: 47% in 2004, 63% in 2010, and 65% in 2016 (p < 0.001), as well as the duration of protective ventilation strategies: 406 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2004, 523 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2010, and 585 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2016 (p < 0.001). There were no differences in the length of stay in the ICU, mortality in the ICU, and mortality in hospital from 2004 to 2016. Independent risk factors for 28-day mortality were age greater than 75 years, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II greater than 50, the occurrence of organ dysfunction within first 48 hours after brain injury, and specific neurologic diseases such as hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and brain trauma. CONCLUSIONS: More lung-protective ventilatory strategies have been implemented over years in neurologic patients with no effect on pulmonary complications or on survival. We found several prognostic factors on mortality such as advanced age, the severity of the disease, organ dysfunctions, and the etiology of neurologic disease

    The Bind that Ties: Socioemotional Wealth Preservation in Family Firms

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