36 research outputs found

    Colistin dose in multiresistance: case report

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    Given the high resistance to antibiotics due to multiresistant bacterial infections at the hospital level, therapeutic alternatives that require the use of more potent antibiotics and higher doses should be considered. We presented the case of a 56-year-old patient with multiple surgeries and several previous antibiotic treatments. After clinical deterioration, a blood culture yield Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to carbapenems, treated with intravenous colistin and doripenem. The patient then developed acute renal failure, which reverts when the colistin dose decreases. Finally, the patient finishes the treatment with 10-day antibiotic adjustment and favorable clinical response

    Profilaxis de sangrado gastrointestinal en paciente crítico

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    Las úlceras gástricas que se presentan en pacientes críticos generan un daño exponencial y constante en la mucosa gástrica, que aumenta la incidencia de hemorragias gastrointestinales clínicamente significativas, lo cual prolonga los periodos de estancia hospitalaria en una unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI) e incrementa el riesgo de muerte. Para prevenir este tipo de complicaciones, se pueden utilizar varias opciones farmacológicas; sin embargo, no existe un consenso que permita establecer cuál de todas las opciones existentes es la mejor decisión terapéutica para estos pacientes, razón por la cual es pertinente realizar una revisión narrativa de la literatura que contribuya a la toma de decisiones por parte de los médicos tratantes

    Liver abscess due to Granulicatella adiacens in an immunocompetent patient: A case report

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    Los abscesos hepáticos piógenos por Granulicatella adiacens son infecciones asociadas a una alta mortalidad, principalmente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Los principales microorganismos asociados a los abscesos hepáticos son Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli o polimicrobianos. Sin embargo, los informes de casos que describen la infección hepática por G. adiacens son limitados. Presentamos el caso de un paciente adulto inmunocompetente que presentó 15 días de evolución consistente en picos febriles cuantificados asociados a astenia, adinamia, escalofríos, ictericia y coluria. El examen clínico inicial reveló tinte ictérico generalizado sin presencia de dolor abdominal y presión arterial con tendencia a la hipotensión. Se sospechó neoplasia biliopancreática confluente, colangitis secundaria y sepsis de origen biliar, iniciándose reanimación con líquidos y antibioterapia, se tomaron hemocultivos y estudios diagnósticos complementarios. Ultrasonido hepatobiliar con evidencia de absceso de 73 x 62 mm en segmento IV, vía biliar y páncreas dentro de límites normales. Se realizaron múltiples pruebas moleculares de detección de microorganismos (FilmArray), identificando a G. adiacens como el principal patógeno. El paciente completó manejo antibiótico con ciprofloxacino, vancomicina y metronidazol en buenas condiciones y fue dado de alta con éxito. Este es el primer absceso hepático piogénico reportado causado por G. adiacens en un paciente inmunocompetente, donde el diagnóstico microbiológico temprano en conjunto con el tratamiento antibiótico dirigido y el drenaje percutáneo de la lesión fueron determinantes en los resultados clínicos.Pyogenic liver abscesses due to Granulicatella adiacens are infections associated with high mortality, mainly in immunocompromised patients. The main microorganisms associated with liver abscesses are Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, or polymicrobial. However, case reports describing liver infection by Granulicatella adiacens are limited. We present the case of an immunocompetent adult patient who presented 15 days of evolution consisting of quantified fever peaks associated with asthenia, adynamia, chills, jaundice and coluria. The initial clinical examination revealed generalized icteric tint without the presence of abdominal pain and blood pressure with a tendency to hypotension. Biliopancreatic confluent neoplasia, secondary cholangitis and sepsis of biliary origin were suspected, initiating fluid resuscitation and antibiotic therapy, blood cultures and complementary diagnostic studies were taken. Hepatobiliary ultrasound with evidence of abscess of 73 x 62 mm in segment IV, bile duct and pancreas within normal limits. In order to better characterize the lesion evidenced in the liver, a contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen was performed. The patient completed antibiotic management with ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and metronidazole in good condition and was successfully discharged. This is the first pyogenic liver abscesses reported caused by Granulicatella adiacens in an immunocompetent patient, where early microbiological diagnosis in conjunction with targeted antibiotic treatment and percutaneous drainage of the lesion was decisive in the clinical outcomes

    Guía de tratamiento farmacológico del dolor agudo en el servicio de urgencias

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    El dolor es el principal motivo de consulta en el servicio de urgencias. Sin embargo, en múltiples estudios se confirma que los pacientes en los servicios de urgencias reciben un tratamiento subóptimo. Por lo anterior, se deben adoptar estrategias para garantizar un adecuado estudio del dolor, analgesia apropiada, monitorización frecuente y nueva valoración del dolor con el objetivo de brindar analgesia adicional en caso de ser necesaria. La presente guía brinda grados de recomendación de los diferentes medicamentos utilizados en el manejo del dolor agudo en el servicio de urgencias con base en la información publicada hasta el momento. Se clasifica el dolor según las escalas internacionales validadas y se subdivide de acuerdo con el origen para orientar la elección del analgésico apropiado. Se hace un exhaustivo análisis de la utilidad de la dipirona en nuestro medio y se dan recomendaciones basadas en los datos disponibles para el uso seguro y costo-efectivo del tratamiento analgésico

    Bases conceptuales de las actividades profesionales a confiar para la educación de profesionales de la salud en Latinoamérica

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    The concept of entrustable professional activities emerged as an attempt to overcome some of the criticisms to the competency-based medical education approach; it has had a broad impact in practice and health professions education research. It has been disseminated internationally with its English acronym: EPA. This approach proposes to orient assessment and teaching to specific activities in the profession, which allows the integration of several competencies, and to determine which responsibilities can be entrusted to the trainee, in a gradual and explicit manner. The model assumes the definition of levels of supervision that allow progressive autonomy for each EPA, in students or residents, once they demonstrate the required competencies. Practice, supervision and feedback in real clinical scenarios are key to the development of autonomy in EPA performance. The dissemination of the EPA approach is still limited in Latin America, but it has the potential to create a significant contribution to curriculum design and evaluation, and to assessment practices of health professionals across their careers. It provides a deep review of the assumptions under which healthcare professional practice decisions are made, at under and postgraduate levels.Revisión por pare

    Uso racional de los medicamentos

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    Manual de uso seguro de antimicrobianos: lectura interpretada del antibiograma parte 2

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    Uso seguro de los medicamentos: farmacocinética clínica

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    FORMULACION DE ANTIMICROBIANOS- ANTIMICROBIALS PRESCRIPTION PART 3. PROGRAMA NEOFITO

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    1 videoHerramienta que le permite guiar la prescripción del mejor antimicrobiano disponible para el tratamiento dirigido de las enfermedades infecciosas..

    Safety of the Patient from the Medication

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    7 páginasCurrently, more than 7% of admissions to acute care hospitals are related with AEMs (adverse events to medications). AEMs are the sixth cause of death, causing a cost of over $5.6 million dollars (USD) per hospital per year. There is an estimate that between 19% and 23% of hospitalized patients will have an adverse effect within the first 30 days after being discharged, 14.3% will be re-admitted and 70% of these events will be related to a medication prescription. Fortunately, at least 58% of these AEMs are preventable, since they result from a lack of information on the medication, prescription and dosage errors and from the abuse and underuse of the same. Polymedicated patients, especially the elderly with multiple pathologies and/or chronic patients that need to be admitted into the hospital more frequently, usually to internal medicine, neurology, psychiatry, rehabilitation and intensive care, are precisely the most liable to suffer from medication errors. It must be the objective to aim for the increase in the patient safety standards when it comes to medications
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