130 research outputs found
5-Benzyl-5H-pyrido[3,2-b]indole
The title compound, C18H14N2, was prepared by twofold Pd-catalyzed arylamination of a cyclic pyrido–benzo–iodolium salt. In the crystal, two molecules of 9-benzyl-δ-carboline form centrosymmetrical dimers with distances of 3.651 (2) Å between the centroids of the pyridine rings and 3.961 (2) Å between the centroids of the pyrrole and pyridine rings. The phenyl rings point to the other molecule in the dimer and the carboline core is essentially planar [maximum deviation of 0.027 (2) Å]
3-(9H-Carbazol-9-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one
The title compound, C21H13NO2, was prepared as an example of a new synthesis of carbazoles from a cyclic dibenzo-iodolium salt via a twofold Pd-catalysed arylation of a primary amine. The two essentially planar π-subsystems [maximum deviations from the mean square plane of 0.038 (2) Å in the carbazole and 0.059 (2) Å in the coumarine unit] open a dihedral angle of 63.05 (4)°. Two molecules form a centrosymmetrical pair connected via π–π interactions between the pyrrole and pyrone rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.882 (1) Å] and one benzene of the carbazole and the pyrone unit [centroid–centroid distance 3.824 (1) Å]. The lattice is stabilized by C—H⋯O bridging to both coumarin O atoms
O3MiSCID, a Middleware for Pervasive Environments
International audienceThis paper introduces a new lightweight middleware for pervasive environments. This middleware abstracts network communications and provides service introspection and discovery using DNS-SD (DNS-based Service Discovery [1]). Services can declare simplex or duplex communication channels and variables. The middleware supports the low-latency, highbandwidth communications required in interactive perceptual applications. It has been designed to be easy to learn in order to stimulate software reuse in research teams and is revealing to have a high adoption rate
Visual-Based Transmedia Events Detection
International audienceThis paper presents a visual-based media event detection system based on the automatic discovery of the most circulated images across the main news media (news websites, press agencies, TV news and newspapers). Its main originality is to rely on the transmedia contextual information to denoise the raw visual detections and consequently focus on the most salient transmedia events
rac-4-{(E)-[1-Cyano-1-cyclohexyl-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]iminomethyl}benzonitrile
A phosphine-catalysed addition of gramine to an alkylideneaminonitrile gives the title compound, C25H24N4, in good yield. In the crystal, pairs of molecules are connected via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds into inversion dimers. The molecules are characterized by a planar indole moiety [maximum deviation = 0.012 (1) Å], a chair conformation of the cyclohexane ring and an antiperiplanar conformation of the H atom on the cyclohexane and the adjacent cyano group
Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding
eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers
with zenith angles greater than detected with the Pierre Auger
Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum
confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above
eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law with
index followed by
a smooth suppression region. For the energy () at which the
spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence
of suppression, we find
eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger
Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers.
These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of
the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray
energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30
to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of
the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is
determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated
using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due
to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components.
The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of
the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the
AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air
shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy
-- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy
estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the
surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator
scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent
emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for
the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at
least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio
emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate
energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of
15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV
arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling
quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from
state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our
measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric
energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with
our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector
against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI.
Supplemental material in the ancillary file
Genome profiling of ERBB2-amplified breast cancers
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Around 20% of breast cancers (BC) show <it>ERBB2 </it>gene amplification and overexpression of the ERBB2 tyrosine kinase receptor. They are associated with a poor prognosis but can benefit from targeted therapy. A better knowledge of these BCs, genomically and biologically heterogeneous, may help understand their behavior and design new therapeutic strategies.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We defined the high resolution genome and gene expression profiles of 54 <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified BCs using 244K oligonucleotide array-comparative genomic hybridization and whole-genome DNA microarrays. Expression of ERBB2, phosphorylated ERBB2, EGFR, IGF1R and FOXA1 proteins was assessed by immunohistochemistry to evaluate the functional ERBB2 status and identify co-expressions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>First, we identified the <it>ERBB2</it>-<it>C17orf37</it>-<it>GRB7 </it>genomic segment as the minimal common 17q12-q21 amplicon, and <it>CRKRS </it>and <it>IKZF3 </it>as the most frequent centromeric and telomeric amplicon borders, respectively. Second, GISTIC analysis identified 17 other genome regions affected by copy number aberration (CNA) (amplifications, gains, losses). The expression of 37 genes of these regions was deregulated. Third, two types of heterogeneity were observed in <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified BCs. The genomic profiles of estrogen receptor-postive (ER+) and negative (ER-) <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified BCs were different. The WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway was involved in ER- <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified BCs, and <it>PVT1 </it>and <it>TRPS1 </it>were candidate oncogenes associated with ER+ <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified BCs. The size of the <it>ERBB2 </it>amplicon was different in inflammatory (IBC) and non-inflammatory BCs. <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified IBCs were characterized by the downregulated and upregulated mRNA expression of ten and two genes in proportion to CNA, respectively. IHC results showed (i) a linear relationship between <it>ERBB2 </it>gene amplification and its gene and protein expressions with a good correlation between ERBB2 expression and phosphorylation status; (ii) a potential signaling cross-talk between EGFR or IGF1R and ERBB2, which could influence response of <it>ERBB2</it>-positive BCs to inhibitors. FOXA1 was frequently coexpressed with ERBB2 but its expression did not impact on the outcome of patients with <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified tumors.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We have shown that ER+ and ER- <it>ERBB2</it>-amplified BCs are different, distinguished <it>ERBB2 </it>amplicons in IBC and non-IBC, and identified genomic features that may be useful in the design of alternative therapeutical strategies.</p
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