The effectiveness of South African labour legislation in dealing with mass industrial action before and after the promulgation of The Constitution Act 108 of 1996.

Master of Laws in Labour Law. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 2016.Abstract not available

The Right to Strike under the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) and Possible Factors for Consideration that Would Promote the Objectives of the LRA

The Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (hereafter the LRA) was promulgated to redress the injustices and inequality within labour relations. It seeks to do so through four objectives which give effect to the LRA's purposes of transformation within the labour relations framework. One of these objectives is to promote orderly collective bargaining. It is envisaged that if parties engage in collective bargaining, then disputes should be resolved speedily and amicably without having employees resort to strikes and employers to lock-outs. This in turn would ensure that production within the workplace continues without interruption. Thus, the workdays lost would be decreased and productivity would be increased. One of the main features of the LRA is the endorsement and regulation of strike action. Employers have always possessed greater authority than employees due to their managerial prerogative, thus strike action is viewed as a necessary way of levelling the playing field between employers and employees in the collective bargaining framework. Strike action is regarded as forming part of the collective bargaining framework. It has been acknowledged that without the threat of strike action, collective bargaining would be futile. However, strike action in South Africa has been increasingly alarming over recent years. This is primarily due to the manner in which employees are asserting their demands. There has been an undeniable increase in the intensity of violence, intimidation, harassment, destruction to property and civil unrest evident in strikes. Even more disturbing is that these strikes have not been contained within the employment relationship; instead, the ramifications of disorderly strikers have caused severe consequences for innocent members of society and the country as a whole. This article highlights the violent context in which strikes take place and the necessity of limiting potential violence. In doing so, this article seeks to consider the viewpoints of two judgments, Equity Aviation Services (Pty) Ltd v SA Transport & Allied Workers Union 2011 32 ILJ 2894 (SCA) and SA Transport & Allied Workers Union v Moloto 2012 33 ILJ 2549 (CC), which have addressed the issue of whether non-unionised members are required to provide separate notices of their intention to strike. It is argued that a strict interpretation of section 64(1)(b) of the LRA is required, in the light of the chaotic and violent strike action that has taken place over the years, as that would have the effect of creating greater certainty and predictability in the event of a strike. Thus, an expectation of order would be instilled which in turn would fulfil one of the objectives of the LRA, which is to promote orderly collective bargaining

Earliest wireless communication in Adelaide

From the papers of Sir Kerr Grant MSS 0075 Series 23.Draft article on Bragg's early wireless experiments in Adelaide, sent to Sir Kerr Grant for revie

The Tailor RNA-Seq Comparative Analysis Pipeline: A De Novo Disease Biomarker Discovery Workflow that Facilitates High Performance Computing Cluster Use

High-Throughput Sequencing is one of the most promising tools available to researchers united by the common goals of personalized medicine. The first step in the development of targeted interventions for genetic diseases is identifying the genomic features common to a particular phenotype. Identifying a unique transcriptional signature through comparative analysis of RNA-Seq data provides a glimpse of the regulatory machinery responsible for the presentation of a diseased phenotype. But the development of a standardized downstream analysis procedure for identifying clinically informative feature from the massive sequence libraries produced during one RNA-Seq experiment remains an open area of research and requires computational resources that necessitate the use of a high-performance computing cluster. These circumstances create a skills-gap bottleneck that require molecular biologists to develop a new skill set with extensive knowledge of computer programming and software engineering. This bottleneck is further exacerbated by the difficulty involved in identifying high-confidence population-level bio-markers from small sample-size experiments with low statistical power. The Tailor Pipeline was developed to address these issues and facilitate bio-marker discovery from comparative RNA-Seq analyses between two or more conditions. The Tailor pipeline is operated via two word commands that simplify the use of high performance computing clusters. Tailor produces a visualization of the salient features of an RNA-Seq data set along with sorted, human readable files listing potential bio-markers calls identified from hypothesis tests of the pooled expression levels between two or more conditions. In a recent comparative analysis, Tailor analyzed RNA extracted from urine samples provided by patients with fibrosis-associated lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS) and a non-symptomatic control group, and identified 370 genes and 30 biochemical pathways that were significantly differentially expressed between the groups. Repetitive analysis with other commonly used tool packages was employed to refine this list to 44 bio-markers that may serve as noninvasive diagnostics for fibrosis-associated LUTS, and potential targets for drug development. Tailor\u27s sensitivity to differential gene expression profiles allows biologists to identify the causal, genetic mechanisms that contribute to diseased phenotypes from non-invasive tests

Duel In The Sun : A Duel of Two Hearts

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp-copyright/7349/thumbnail.jp

CSRD, är revisionsbranschen redo? : En kvalitativ undersökning om hållbarhetsgranskning

Datum: 2023-05-30 Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i Företagsekonomi, 15 hp Institution: Akademin för Ekonomi, Samhälle och Teknik, Mälardalens Universitet Författare: Evelina Axelsson (01/08/30), Elin Judell (97/05/23),  Shila Rezai (01/01/23) Titel: CSRD, är revisionsbranschen redo?           En kvalitativ undersökning om hållbarhetsgranskning Handledare: Leanne Johnstone Nyckelord: Kvalitet, Pålitlighet, Granskning, Nyinstitutionell teori  Forskningsfrågor:  I vilken utsträckning påverkas kvaliteten och pålitligheten av hållbarhetsrapporter i samband med införandet av CSRD? Vilka konsekvenser kommer CSRD att få för revisionsyrket?  Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur det nya direktivet Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, CSRD, kommer att påverka praxis och processer för revisorer vid granskning av hållbarhetsrapporter. Undersökningen vill förklara sambandet mellan hur införandet av nya standarder och regelverk påverkar revisorsrollen.  Metod: En kvalitativ undersökning har genomförts i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Respondenterna består av både hållbarhetsspecialister och auktoriserade revisorer.  Slutsats: Studien visar att normativ isomorfism har en dominerande ställning, därefter är tvångsmässig isomorfism den näst mest betydande vad gäller de konsekvenser som CSRD kommer att få för revisionsyrket. Även inslag av mimetiska tryck förekommer. Kvaliteten och pålitligheten av hållbarhetsrapporter förväntas påverkas i en större utsträckning vid införandet av CSRD.  En konsekvens av CSRD är att fler och fler revisorer kommer behöva vidareutbildas för att kunna granska hållbarhetsrapporter. Revisionsföretagen håller på att göra sig redo genom att utforma interna utbildningsinsatser och rekrytera mer personal. En möjlig konsekvens är också att det i framtiden kommer att ställas högre krav på auktorisation, där hållbarhet kommer att vara ett större område än vad det är i dagsläget.Date: 2023-05-30 Level: Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 cr Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors: Evelina Axelsson (01/08/30), Elin Judell (97/05/23), Shila Rezai (01/01/23)          Titel: CSRD, is the audit industry ready?           A qualitative study about sustainability assurance  Supervisor: Leanne Johnstone  Keywords: Quality, Reliability, Assurance, Neo-institutional theory Research questions:  To what extent is the quality and reliability of sustainability reports affected by the introduction of CSRD? What implications will CSRD have for the auditing profession? Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate how the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, CSRD, will affect the practices and processes of auditors when reviewing sustainability reports. The survey wants to explain the connection between how the introduction of new standards and regulations affects the auditor's role. Method: A qualitative study has been carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews. The respondents consist of both sustainability specialists and authorized auditors. Conclusion: The study shows that normative isomorphism has a dominant position, then coercive isomorphism is the second most significant in terms of the consequences that CSRD will have for the auditing profession. There are also elements of mimetic isomorphism. The quality and reliability of sustainability reports is expected to be affected to a greater extent by the introduction of CSRD. A consequence of CSRD is that an increased number of auditors will need further training to be able to review sustainability reports. Audit firms are preparing by designing internal training efforts and recruiting more employees. A possible consequence is also that there will be higher requirements for authorization in the future, where sustainability will be a larger area than it is today

The Right to Strike under the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) and Possible Factors for Consideration that Would Promote the Objectives of the LRA

The Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (hereafter the LRA) was promulgated to redress the injustices and inequality within labour relations. It seeks to do so through four objectives which give effect to the LRA's purposes of transformation within the labour relations framework. One of these objectives is to promote orderly collective bargaining. It is envisaged that if parties engage in collective bargaining, then disputes should be resolved speedily and amicably without having employees resort to strikes and employers to lock-outs. This in turn would ensure that production within the workplace continues without interruption. Thus, the workdays lost would be decreased and productivity would be increased. One of the main features of the LRA is the endorsement and regulation of strike action. Employers have always possessed greater authority than employees due to their managerial prerogative, thus strike action is viewed as a necessary way of levelling the playing field between employers and employees in the collective bargaining framework. Strike action is regarded as forming part of the collective bargaining framework. It has been acknowledged that without the threat of strike action, collective bargaining would be futile. However, strike action in South Africa has been increasingly alarming over recent years. This is primarily due to the manner in which employees are asserting their demands. There has been an undeniable increase in the intensity of violence, intimidation, harassment, destruction to property and civil unrest evident in strikes. Even more disturbing is that these strikes have not been contained within the employment relationship; instead, the ramifications of disorderly strikers have caused severe consequences for innocent members of society and the country as a whole. This article highlights the violent context in which strikes take place and the necessity of limiting potential violence. In doing so, this article seeks to consider the viewpoints of two judgments, Equity Aviation Services (Pty) Ltd v SA Transport & Allied Workers Union 2011 32 ILJ 2894 (SCA) and SA Transport & Allied Workers Union v Moloto 2012 33 ILJ 2549 (CC), which have addressed the issue of whether non-unionised members are required to provide separate notices of their intention to strike. It is argued that a strict interpretation of section 64(1)(b) of the LRA is required, in the light of the chaotic and violent strike action that has taken place over the years, as that would have the effect of creating greater certainty and predictability in the event of a strike. Thus, an expectation of order would be instilled which in turn would fulfil one of the objectives of the LRA, which is to promote orderly collective bargaining