Interrelations Among Personality, Religious and Nonreligious Coping, and Mental Health

Religion\u27s involvement in the coping process remains an underexplored area of coping research despite most psychologists agreeing that religion is integral to this process for many individuals. Interestingly, there is some disagreement among psychologists regarding whether religious coping can be reduced to nonreligious coping (Siegel, Anderman, & Schrimshaw, 2001). To better understand how religious and nonreligious coping contribute uniquely to the prediction of mental health outcomes, the study\u27s first and second goals were to determine the incremental validity of each type of coping, above and beyond the other. The study\u27s third goal was to determine whether select coping strategies mediated the relationships between personality and mental health, thereby elucidating the nature of their interrelations. Finally, to further the aim of positive psychology, the current study incorporated positive mental health outcomes into its analyses, as well as negative mental health outcomes. A sample of 300 college students completed a packet of questionnaires that included measures of religious and nonreligious coping strategies, personality, depression, anxiety, stress, hopefulness, quality-of-life, and life satisfaction. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test the incremental validity of religious and nonreligious coping strategies; whereas structural equation modeling was used to explore whether any of the coping strategies mediated the relationships between personality and mental health. Results suggest that religious and nonreligious coping both provide unique information about mental health outcomes. However, religious and nonreligious coping strategies appear to relate differently to mental health, depending on whether positive or negative outcomes are studied. This finding provides further evidence that a state of flourishing is something different from the mere absence of pathology

Experimental investigation of the return flow instability in magnetic spherical Couette flow

We conduct magnetic spherical Couette (MSC) flow experiments in the return flow instability regime with GaInSn as the working fluid, and the ratio of the inner to the outer sphere radii $r_{\rm i}/r_{\rm o} = 0.5$, the Reynolds number ${\rm Re} = 1000$, and the Hartmann number ${\rm Ha} \in [27.5,40]$. Rotating waves with different azimuthal wavenumbers $m \in \{2, 3, 4\}$ manifest in certain ranges of ${\rm Ha}$ in the experiments, depending on whether the values of ${\rm Ha}$ were fixed or varied from different initial values. These observations demonstrate the multistability of rotating waves, which we attribute to the dynamical system representing the state of the MSC flow tending to move along the same solution branch of the bifurcation diagram when ${\rm Ha}$ is varied. In experiments with both fixed and varying ${\rm Ha}$, the rotation frequencies of the rotating waves are consistent with the results of nonlinear stability analysis. A brief numerical investigation shows that differences in the azimuthal wavenumbers of the rotating waves that develop in the flow also depend on the azimuthal modes that are initially excited

Diel interactions between prey behaviour and feeding in an invasive fish, the round goby, in a North American river

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72558/1/j.1365-2427.2006.01527.x.pd

Dynamic transitions of the magnetized spherical Couette flow between its base state and the return flow instability

The transition between the stable base state of the magnetized spherical Couette (MSC) flow and the return flow instability is experimentally investigated. The experiments are conducted using an MSC setup consisting of insulating spheres with the ratio of the inner to the outer radii ri/ro = 0.5, Reynolds number Re = 1000 and Hartmann number Ha ¿ [25, 29]. The transition is characterized by changes in the power spectra of the azimuthal modes in the flow as Ha is dynamically changed. The transition occurs in the interval Ha ¿ [26.5, 27.5]. The evolution of the power spectra of the azimuthal modes exhibits hysteretic effect depending on whether Ha is increased or decreased within the experimental interval. The power spectra in the azimuthal modes m ¿ {3, 4} increases and remains dominant as Ha is increased, while the power spectra in m ¿ {2, 4} are dominant while the flow is time dependent due to return flow instability as Ha is decreased.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Blue circular economy: opportunities for circular business models and circular design related to fishing gear (version 2)

This report aims to contribute to discussion related to the widespread and enduring problem of waste fishing gear in the world's oceans. It highlights the problem and proposes business opportunities. To help tackle the problems and opportunities in the Northern Periphery and Arctic (NPA) region, the European Commission (EC) Interreg funded Blue Circular Economy (BCE) project offers free help, including events, webinars and 1:1 mentoring to start-ups, SMEs and entrepreneurs as well as co-operatives and social enterprises in the NPA region. This report presents an overview of: • Gear used for fishing for finfish, shellfish and aquaculture • Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) as it relates to waste fishing gear, as announced in the European Commission (EC) Single Use Plastics (SUP) Directive • Opportunities that might arise for more circular business models (CBMs) and new products for start-ups, SMEs, entrepreneurs, co-operatives and social enterprises in port cities, towns and fishing communities in the Northern Periphery and Arctic (NPA) region, and beyond • Strategies for improving the product circularity of fishing gear (circular design) The report includes a look at challenges posed by waste fishing gear in our oceans and at end of life, and, includes a short discussion on the implications for stakeholders and SMEs in the NPA region (see Appendix A). It addresses the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) scheme (that is part of the EC’s SUP Directive), new circular business models (CBMs) and circular design of fishing gear and finishes with overall conclusions. Fishing gear are complex products, comprising nets, ropes, components and peripherals e.g. polymers, metals, rubbers etc. This report uses the term waste "fishing gear" when referring to fishing nets, ropes, components and peripherals (FNRCPs)

Healthcare provider-to-patient perspectives on the uptake of teleconsultation services in the Nigerian healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic era

The urgency to curtail the devastating effects of the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic has led to the implementation of several measures to limit its spread, including movement restrictions and social distancing. As most developing countries rely solely on hospital visitations for their medical needs, this impediment to assessing healthcare services compounded by low uptake of telehealth services could result in dire consequences. This is a cross-sectional study among Healthcare providers (HCP) and Healthcare consumers (HCC) in Nigeria. We administered a pre-validated self-administered online questionnaire comprising questions to assess the knowledge, use, perceptions, and benefits of telemedicine among study participants. Descriptive statistics were used to examine participants' perceptions on telemedicine use and to summarize participants' characteristics. A total of 158 healthcare providers and 1381 healthcare consumers completed the online survey. Ninety percent of HCP reported that they used some form of telemedicine to deliver health care, and 63% of HCC had received healthcare through telemedicine. A significant proportion of HCP (62%) and HCC (69%) agreed that telemedicine would improve healthcare consultation experience and satisfaction. However, fewer (21%) HCP agreed that they liked that there would be no physical contact with patients using telemedicine. In contrast, 52% of HCC agreed that they liked that there would be no physical contact with healthcare providers while using telemedicine. The majority of the participants believed that benefits of telemedicine would include: being a safe way for healthcare delivery during pandemics (HCP = 62%, HCC = 83%), affordability (HCP = 62%, HCC = 82%), and time-saving (HCP = 54%, HCC = 82%,). Teleconsultation services have been shown to aptly complement face-to-face hospital visits in ensuring effective triaging in hospitals and providing adequate healthcare delivery to patients regardless of geographical and physical barriers. These results support telemedicine use for the provision of healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic

An echo cardiographic evaluation of pulmonary pressures in hemodialysis patients at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya

Background. A high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has been noted. In these patients, PH increases morbidity and mortality and worsens prognosis post-renal transplant. Its aetiopathogenesis may be multifactorial, involving the process of hemodialysis itself.Objective. To determine the prevalence of PH among patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), using Doppler echocardiography.Design. 117 patients were consecutively recruited into this cross-sectional study. Medical history was used to exclude patients with possible PH of known aetiology. Patients were examined for features of fluid overload. Each patient then underwent hemodialysis followed by echocardiography within two hours. Hemoglobin was measured.Setting. The Renal Unit, KNH, a tertiary hospital in NairobiSubjects. Patients undergoing regular hemodialysis within the renal unit, thirteen years and above, who gave written informed consent or assent.Results. 63.2% of the participants were male. Mean age was 44 years. Prevalence of PH among ESRD patients was 32.5%, with a median PASP of 47.3mmHg and a range of 36.1–79 mmHg. A strong association between PH and EF of less than 50%, as a marker of LV dysfunction, was demonstrated.Conclusion. The prevalence of PH among end-stage renal disease patients was high. This suggests an indication for routinely screening hemodialysis patients for PH

Rapid deterioration of sediment surface ecosystems in Bellingham Bay as indicated by benthic foraminifera

Benthic foraminifera, shelled protists, are valuable tools for monitoring environmental conditions of the sediment surface in nearshore marine and estuarine to marsh settings. This study analyzed 64 sediment samples from Bellingham Bay (June 1997, 2006 and 2010) and 18 samples from Boundary Bay, Birch Bay and Neptune Beach (June 2006 and 2010), provided by the Washington State Department of Ecology. Thirty five taxa were identified, dominated by three calcareous and one agglutinate species. In Bellingham Bay, benthic foraminiferal diversity and density deteriorated strikingly between 1996 and 2006, most notably in the middle of the bay. Many of these bay-center sites yielded no foraminifera at all, and the situation did not improve in 2010. The samples from Boundary Bay to Neptune Beach generally demonstrated higher diversity; however decreases in both diversity and density are also recorded from 1996 to 2006. Correlations with six metal contaminants and with total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons showed a negative trend but R2 values are low. This corroborates the findings from benthic invertebrate faunas from the same sites by Weakland et al. (2013). Bottom water dissolved oxygen levels and pH data from the central part of Bellingham Bay indicate hypoxia and high levels of acidification. We infer that either combinations of organic pollutants or eutrophication have impacted the benthic biota