Integrating Visual Mnemonics and Input Feedback with Passphrases to Improve the Usability and Security of Digital Authentication

The need for both usable and secure authentication is more pronounced than ever before. Security researchers and professionals will need to have a deep understanding of human factors to address these issues. Due to their ubiquity, recoverability, and low barrier of entry, passwords remain the most common means of digital authentication. However, fundamental human nature dictates that it is exceedingly difficult for people to generate secure passwords on their own. System-generated random passwords can be secure but are often unusable, which is why most passwords are still created by humans. We developed a simple system for automatically generating mnemonic phrases and supporting mnemonic images for randomly generated passwords. We found that study participants remembered their passwords significantly better using our system than with existing systems. To combat shoulder surfing - looking at a user\u27s screen or keyboard as he or she enters sensitive input such as passwords - we developed an input masking technique that was demonstrated to minimize the threat of shoulder surfing attacks while improving the usability of password entry over existing methods. We extended this previous work to support longer passphrases with increased security and evaluated the effectiveness of our new system against traditional passphrases. We found that our system exhibited greater memorability, increased usability and overall rankings, and maintained or improved upon the security of the traditional passphrase systems. Adopting our passphrase system will lead to more usable and secure digital authentication

Improving the Usability and Security of Digital Authentication

The need for both usable and secure authentication is more pronounced than ever before. Security researchers and professionals will need to have a deep understanding of human factors to address these issues. Due to their ubiquity, recoverability, and low barrier of entry, passwords remain the most common means of digital authentication. However, fundamental human nature dictates that it is exceedingly difficult for people to generate secure passwords on their own. System-generated random passwords can be secure but are often unusable, which is why most passwords are still created by humans. We developed a simple system for automatically generating mnemonic phrases and supporting mnemonic images for randomly generated passwords. We found that study participants remembered their passwords significantly better using our system than with existing systems. To combat shoulder surfing – looking at a user’s screen or keyboard as he or she enters sensitive input such as passwords – we developed an input masking technique that was demonstrated to minimize the threat of shoulder surfing attacks while improving the usability of password entry over existing methods. Extending this previous work to support longer passphrases will lead to advancements in the state of digital authentication

Problematika Wanprestasi Atas Perjanjian Arisan Online

Pada era digital saat ini marak adanya arisan online dikalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Jika pada umumnya arisan itu harus dengan pertemuan, namun tidak dengan jenis arisan ini, kegiatannya hanya melalui media sosial atau wadah untuk menghubungkan para peserta arisan online. Dimana perjanjian arisan online yang telah disepakati berlaku layaknya undang-undang bagi para pihak. Sehingga apabila salah satu pihal lalai dan tidak dapat memenuhi prestasi atau melakukan kewajibannya, maka pihak tersebut dapat dikatakan telah melakukan perbuatan wanprestasi. Pada umumnya wanprestasi baru muncul ketika ada pernyataan lalai dari kreditur maupun debitur. Pada arisan online, kreditur pada permasalahan ini adalah orang yang seharusnya menerima uang dalam arisan dan pihak debitur pada arisan online ialah orang yang seharusnya memberi uang. Jadi, pernyataan lalai ini mucul sebagai peringatan kepada debitur ataupun kreditur untuk segera melaksanakan kewajibannya dengan tenggang waktu yang telah ditentukan. Adapun kasus yang menjadi pendekatan pada tulisan ini adalah kasus wanprestasi terhadap perjanjian arisan online pada Putusan Nomor 18/Pdt.G.S/2021/PN Sby, merupakan salah satu bentuk kasus wanprestasi arisan online yang masih baru saja terjadi. Dimana tergugat selaku peserta arisan online tidak membayarkan uang iuran bulanan sesuai dengan yang telah diperjanjikan. Sehingga berdasarkan pertimbangan majelis hakim, tergugat telah dinyatakan melakukan wanprestasi dan gugatan penggugat dikabulkan untuk sebagian. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Penulisan jurnal ini didasarkan pada masalah tentang apa sebenarnya yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya wanpretasi atas perjanjian arisan online dan bagaimana peran pemerintah untuk mengatasinya. Terhadap pencegahan dan perlindungan berupa regulasi saja tidak cukup sebagai upaya dalam melindungi dan menjamin hak para pihak dalam perjanjian arisan online. Perlu adanya sebuah langkah yang dapat digunakan sebagai upaya preventif demi meminimalisir adanya wanprestasi atas perjanjian arisan online. Peran pemerintah yang bersifat preventif sangat diperlukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan arisan online yang semakin marak terjadi saat ini

The Abl interactor proteins localize to sites of actin polymerization at the tips of lamellipodia and filopodia

AbstractCell movement is mediated by the protrusion of cytoplasm in the form of sheet- and rod-like extensions, termed lamellipodia and filopodia. Protrusion is driven by actin polymerization, a process that is regulated by signaling complexes that are, as yet, poorly defined. Since actin assembly is controlled at the tips of lamellipodia and filopodia [1], these juxtamembrane sites are likely to harbor the protein complexes that control actin polymerization dynamics underlying cell motility. An understanding of the regulation of protrusion therefore requires the characterization of the molecular components recruited to these sites. The Abl interactor (Abi) proteins, targets of Abl tyrosine kinases [2–4], have been implicated in Rac-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization in response to growth factor stimulation [5]. Here, we describe the unique localization of Abi proteins in living, motile cells. We show that Abi-1 and Abi-2b fused to enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) are recruited to the tips of lamellipodia and filopodia. We identify the targeting domain as the homologous N terminus of these two proteins. Our findings are the first to suggest a direct involvement of members of the Abi protein family in the control of actin polymerization in protrusion events, and establish the Abi proteins as potential regulators of motility

Association analyses of East Asian individuals and trans-ancestry analyses with European individuals reveal new loci associated with cholesterol and triglyceride levels

Large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >175 loci associated with fasting cholesterol levels, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG). With differences in linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure and allele frequencies between ancestry groups, studies in additional large samples may detect new associations. We conducted staged GWAS meta-analyses in up to 69,414 East Asian individuals from 24 studies with participants from Japan, the Philippines, Korea, China, Singapore, and Taiwan. These meta-analyses identified (P < 5 × 10-8) three novel loci associated with HDL-C near CD163-APOBEC1 (P = 7.4 × 10-9), NCOA2 (P = 1.6 × 10-8), and NID2-PTGDR (P = 4.2 × 10-8), and one novel locus associated with TG near WDR11-FGFR2 (P = 2.7 × 10-10). Conditional analyses identified a second signal near CD163-APOBEC1. We then combined results from the East Asian meta-analysis with association results from up to 187,365 European individuals from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium in a trans-ancestry meta-analysis. This analysis identified (log10Bayes Factor ≥6.1) eight additional novel lipid loci. Among the twelve total loci identified, the index variants at eight loci have demonstrated at least nominal significance with other metabolic traits in prior studies, and two loci exhibited coincident eQTLs (P < 1 × 10-5) in subcutaneous adipose tissue for BPTF and PDGFC. Taken together, these analyses identified multiple novel lipid loci, providing new potential therapeutic targets