Representation of non-semibounded quadratic forms and orthogonal additivity

In this article we give a representation theorem for non-semibounded Hermitean quadratic forms in terms of a (non-semibounded) self-adjoint operator. The main assumptions are closability of the Hermitean quadratic form, the direct integral structure of the underlying Hilbert space and orthogonal additivity. We apply this result to several examples, including the position operator in quantum mechanics and quadratic forms invariant under a unitary representation of a separable locally compact group. The case of invariance under a compact group is also discussed in detail

Influência do músculo pterigóideo lateral no crescimento cartilagem condilar na mandíbula

At the end of the last century, a model to explain clinical observations related to the mandibular growth was developed. According to it, the lateral pterigoid muscle (LPM) was one of the main modulators of the differentiation of mesenquimal cells inside the condyle to condroblasts or osteoblasts, and therefore of the growth of the mandibular condilar cartilage (CCM). The main components of the model were the humoral and the mechanical. Nowadays, the humoral would include growth factors such as IGF-I, FGF-2 and VEGF, which seem to be involved in mandibular growth. Since skeletal muscle can secrete these growth factors, there is a possibility that LPM modulates the growth of CCM by a paracrine or endocrine mechanism. The mechanical component derived from the observations that both the blood flow inside the temporomandibular joint (ATM) and the action of the retrodiscal pad on the growth of the CCM, depend, in part, on the contractile activity of the LPM. Despite the fact that there are some results suggesting  hat LPM is activated under conditions of mandibular protrusion, there is no full agreement on whether this can stimulate the growth of CCM. In this review, the contributions and limitations of the works related to mandibular growth are discussed and a model which integrates the available information to explain the role of the LPM in the growth of the CCM is proposed.A finales del siglo pasado se desarrolló un modelo para explicar observaciones clínicas relacionadas con el crecimiento mandibular, según el cual el músculo pterigoideo lateral (LPM) era uno de los principales moduladores de la diferenciación de las células mesenquimales del cóndilo mandibular a condroblastos u osteoblastos y por lo tanto del crecimiento del cartílago condilar mandibular (CCM). Dos grandes componentes eran los pilares fundamentales del modelo: el humoral y el mecánico. En la actualidad, el componente humoral estaría dado por factores de crecimiento como el IGF-I, el FGF-2 y el VEGF, los cuales parecen estar involucrados en el crecimiento mandibular. Debido a que el músculo esquelético tiene un papel como órgano secretor de ellos, se abre la posibilidad de que el LPM regule el crecimiento del CCM por un mecanismo paracrino o endocrino mediado por estos factores. El componente mecánico nació de las observaciones de que tanto el flujo sanguíneo dentro de la articulación temporomandibular como la cción de la almohadilla retrodiscal en el crecimiento del CCM depende, en parte, de la actividad contráctil del LPM. A pesar de que hay evidencia de que el LPM se activa en situaciones de adelantamiento mandibular, no hay consenso sobre si esto estimula el crecimiento del CCM. En esta revisión se discuten los aportes y limitaciones de los trabajos relacionados con el crecimiento mandibular y se propone un modelo que integra la información disponible para explicar el papel del LPM en el crecimiento del CCM.No fim do século passado desenhou-se um modelo para esclarecer as observações clínicas envolvidas no crescimento da mandíbula, no qual o músculo pterigoideo lateral (LPM) foi um dois moduladores principais da diferenciação das células messenquimais do côndilo mandibular em condroblastos ou osteoblastos e porém do crescimento da cartilagem condilar mandibular (CCM). Dois componentes principais possui o modelo: o humoral e o mecânico. Na atualidade, há evidência que o componente humoral é dado pelos fatores de crescimento IGF-1, IGF2 e VEGF que estimulam diretamente o crescimento mandibular. Devido a que o músculo esquelético pode desempenhar uma função endócrina fica aberta a possibilidade que o LPM regule o crescimento do CCM por mecanismos paracrinos ou autocrinos, mediante a secreção desses fatores de crescimento que estimulam diretamente o crescimiento mandibular. O componente mecânico é derivado das observações do que tanto o fluxo sanguíneo na articulação tempo-mandibular quanto a ação da almofadinha retro-discal no crescimento do CCM, dependem parcialmente da atividade contrátil do LPM. Embora, há evidências que o LPM é ativado pelo adiantamento mandibular, ainda não há consenso sob seu possível papel na estimulação do crescimento do CCM. Esta revisão tem o objetivo de discutir as evidencias e limitações de trabalhos relativos ao crescimento mandibular e propõe-se um modelo que integra a informação disponível para explicar a função do IPM no crescimento do CCM

Computing Optimal Distances to Pareto Sets of Multi-Objective Optimization Problems in Asymmetric Normed Lattices

[EN] Given a finite dimensional asymmetric normed lattice, we provide explicit formulae for the optimization of the associated (non-Hausdorff) asymmetric distance among a subset and a point. Our analysis has its roots and finds its applications in the current development of effective algorithms for multi-objective optimization programs. We are interested in providing the fundamental theoretical results for the associated convex analysis, fixing in this way the framework for this new optimization tool. The fact that the associated topology is not Hausdorff forces us to define a new setting and to use a new point of view for this analysis. Existence and uniqueness theorems for this optimization are shown. Our main result is the translation of the original abstract optimal distance problem to a clear optimization scheme. Actually, this justifies the algorithms and shows new aspects of the numerical and computational methods that have been already used in visualization of multi-objective optimization problems.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) under grants DPI2015-71443-R and MTM2016-77054-C2-1-P.Blasco, X.; Reynoso-Meza, G.; Sánchez Pérez, EA.; Sánchez Pérez, JV. (2019). Computing Optimal Distances to Pareto Sets of Multi-Objective Optimization Problems in Asymmetric Normed Lattices. Acta Applicandae Mathematicae. 159(1):75-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10440-018-0184-z7593159

THE COLOR OF THE PALATE: AN ADDITIONAL AGEING CRITERION FOR THE WHITE-CRESTED ELAENIA (ELAENIA ALBICEPS)

No abstract

The incorporation of alpha-tocopherol and functional doses of phytosterol esters during cheesemaking does not affect DNA or mRNA dynamics of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis throughout and after the end of ripening

Tocopherols and phytosterols are lipid-soluble molecules which have been widely used in the food industry. Nevertheless, the influence of these compounds on the performance of starter lactic acid bacteria (SLAB) in fermented foods has received little attention. Here, we assessed the behavior of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis during the ripening of a functional Port Salut light cheese elaborated with these SLAB and with alpha-tocopherol and phytosterol esters as bioactive molecules. Functional and control cheeses were manufactured at an industrial plant and sampled at 7, 21, 40, 60 and 90 days after elaboration for real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) or reverse transcription-qPCR (RT-qPCR) experiments. Target DNA and mRNA from both SLAB were detected after 90 days of elaboration in both functional and control cheeses, supporting their potential role in generating flavor metabolites. Furthermore, here we showed for the first time that the addition of alpha-tocopherol and functional doses of phytosterols did not affect DNA or mRNA dynamics of these SLAB during cheesemaking, throughout and after the end of ripening. Therefore, our results support the use of cheese manufactured with both S. thermophilus and L. lactis as an optimal delivery system for these beneficial bioactive compounds.Fil: Pega, Juan Franco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Carolina Daiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Rizzo, Sergio Anibal. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Rossetti, Luciana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, G.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Ruzal, Sandra Mónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nanni, M.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Descalzo, Adriana Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; Francia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Nutrición parenteral e identificación de subpoblaciones con necesidades nutricionales similares

[email protected] disponibilidad de formulaciones parenterales normalizadas en relación a los aportes de nutrientes, plantea la problemática de su idoneidad en relación a las necesidades nutritivas de los pacientes. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar subpoblaciones de pacientes con necesidades calórico-proteicas similares y valorar su adecuación a formulaciones normalizadas. Con este fin, se evaluaron, de forma prospectiva las necesidades calórico- proteicas de 100 pacientes adultos metabólicamente estables en tratamiento con nutrición parenteral total. Los aportes calóricos se estudiaron por Harris-Benedict (con corrección de Long) y los aportes proteicos se calcularon en función del grado de estrés. Las necesidades calórico-proteicas se analizaron mediante un análisis de cluster mediante el algoritmo de partición alrededor de los mediodes. Se consideró que cuando la formulación de nutrición parenteral contenía aportes equivalentes a ± 20% de las necesidades medias de cada subpoblación era adecuada para satisfacer los requerimientos calórico- proteicos de los pacientes. El porcentaje de pacientes, en función del número de subpoblaciones identificadas, que recibirían aportes adecuados a sus requerimientos se tomó como variable de estudio comparativo. En el caso de dos subpoblaciones, para la subpoblación 1 (N = 35), las necesidades de glucosa, lípidos y aminoácidos son: 275 (IC 95%: 265-285) g, 83 (IC 95%: 78- 88) g y 89 (IC 95%: 86-92) y para la subpoblación 2 (N = 65), 195 (IC 95%: 187-203) g, 58 (IC 95%: 56-61) g y 74 (IC 95%: 72-77) g, respectivamente. En el caso de tres subpoblaciones, estas mismas necesidades de nutrientes son para la subpoblación 1 (N = 19): 295 (IC 95%: 283- 306) g, 91 (IC 95%: 84-97) g y 91 (IC 95%: 86-95); para la subpoblación 2 (N = 45), 234 (IC 95%: 227-240) g, 67 (IC 95%: 64-70) g, y 84 (IC 95%: 82-86) g; y para la subpoblación 3 (N = 36): 172 (IC 95%: 165-179) g, 55 (IC 95%: 52-57) g y 68 (IC 95%: 64-71) g, respectivamente. La utilización de una, dos o tres formulaciones, que contengan aportes equivalentes a ± 20% de las necesidades medias de cada subpoblación, satisfacen los requerimientos de glucosa, lípidos y proteínas en el 45% (IC 95%: 36% a 55%), 74% (IC 95%: 65% a 83) y 82% (IC 95%: 74% a 89%) de los pacientes, respectivamente. En suma, el desarrollo de tres formulaciones normalizadas de nutrición parenteral permite satisfacer las necesidades nutricionales de al menos el 74% de los pacientes adultos metabólicamente estables subsidiarios de nutrición parenteral total.The aim of this study is to identify patients subpopulations with similar caloric and proteic needs (CPN) and developing and assessing the utility of standarized formulations of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with equivalents supplies to the average patients needs of each identified subpopulation. CPN of one hundred metabolically stables adults patients in treatment with TPN were evaluated consecutively. Caloric supplies were calculated with the Harris-Benedict equation, with the Long corrections and proteics supplies were evaluated according to stress level. The identification of patients subpopulation according to the CPN was made through the cluster analysis with partitioning around mediods algorithm. We considered the formulation with equivalent supplies to the average needs of each subpopulation was adequated to the patients caloric-proteic requirements when their difference was lower than 20%. The percentage of patients who received adequated supplies were compared between the subpopulations identified. In case of two subpopulations, glucose, lipids and amino acid needs are: 275 (CI 95%: 265-285) g, 83 (CI 95%: 78-88) g and 89 (CI 95%: 86-92) g in subpopulation 1 (N = 35), and 195 (CI 95%: 187-203) g, 58 (CI 95%: 56-61) g and 74 (CI 95%: 72-77) g in subpopulation 2 (N = 65), respectively. In case of three subpopulations, in subpopulation 1 (N = 19), glucose, lipids and amino acid needs are: 295 (CI 95%: 283-306) g, 91 (CI 95%: 84-97) g and 91 (CI 95%: 86-95); 234 (CI 95%: 227-240) g, 67 (CI 95%: 64-70) g and 84 (CI 95%: 82-86) g to the subpopulation 2 (N = 45) and 172 (CI 95%: 165- 179) g, 55 (CI 95%: 52-57) g, and 68 (CI 95%: 64-71) g to the subpopulation 3 (N = 36) respectively. In general, caloric and proteic supplies are equal to the patients needs, but there was a tendendy to overfeeding in patients with lower CPN. The utilization of one, two or three formulations with equivalent supplies to the average needs of each subpopulation was adequated to the patients in the 45% (CI 95%: 36%-55%), 75% (CI 95%: 65%- 83%) and 82% (CI 95%: 74%-89%), respectively. Therefore, the development of three normalized formulations of total parenteral nutrition allows to satisfy the patients nutritional needs at least the 74% of the patients

Form and function of the mantle edge in Protobranchia (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

We analyzed, by optical and transmission electron microscopy, the morphology and function of the mantle edge, including the formation of the periostracum, of ten species of protobranchs. Five species from the order Nuculida, four species from the order Nuculanida and one species from the order Solemyida were studied. A second outer fold, which seems to function as a template for the internal marginal crenulations of the valves, is present in the crenulated species of Nucula. The minute non-crenulated Ennucula aegeensis shows the glandular basal cells displaced toward the periostracal groove, resembling a minute additional fold between the outer and middle folds. Intense secretion of glycocalyx, together with active uptake of particles, have been observed in the inner epithelium of the middle mantle fold and the whole epithelium of the inner mantle fold in all the studied species. Contrary to the rest of the bivalves, all the protobranchs analyzed have two basal cells involved in the formation of the external nanometric pellicle of the periostracum, a character that would support the monophyly of protobranchs. A three-layered pattern is the general rule for the periostracum in protobranchs, like for other bivalves. The presence of pouches of translucent layer inside the tanned dark layer under periostracal folds is characteristic of the species with a folded periostracum; its function is unclear but could give flexibility to the periostracum. The non-nacreous internal shell layer and the presence of translucent pouches under periostracal folds in Sarepta speciosa resemble those found in nuculanids. However, the free periostracum is rather similar to those of N. hanleyi and E. aegeensis, with a continuous vesicular layer. All the latter supports the inclusion of Sarepta in the order Nuculanida but could indicate either a basal lineage or that the translucent vesicular layer is an adaptive trait.Málaga/CBU

Paisaje de Cañas Lo Figueroa. La armonía entre el paisaje natural y el construido

43 p

Lie symmetries and solitons in nonlinear systems with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearities

Using Lie group theory and canonical transformations we construct explicit solutions of nonlinear Schrodinger equations with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearities. We present the general theory, use it to show that localized nonlinearities can support bound states with an arbitrary number solitons and discuss other applications of interest to the field of nonlinear matter waves

Symbiotic Solitons in Heteronuclear Multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates

We show that bright solitons exist in quasi-one dimensional heteronuclear multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates with repulsive self-interaction and attractive inter-species interaction. They are remarkably robust to perturbations of initial data and collisions and can be generated by the mechanism of modulational instability. Some possibilities for control and the behavior of the system in three dimensions are also discussed