The adsorption of ethyl formate on CaO: a DFT study

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The Genesis of the GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)

The Uruguay Round services negotiations saw the light of day amidst pressures from lobbies in developed countries, unilateral retaliatory actions, and ideological struggle in the developing world. The final outcome, the GATS, certainly characterized by a complex structure and awkward drafting here and there, is not optimal but is an important first step towards the liberalization of trade in services. This article traces the GATS negotiating history, from its very beginning in the late 1970s, paying particular attention to the main forces that brought the services dossier to the multilateral trading system (governments, industries, and academics), and the interaction between developed and developing countries before and during the Uruguay Round. We will follow the actions, positions, and negotiating stances of four trading partners – Brazil, the European Union, India, and the United States – that were key in the development of the GATS. Finally, we will, indicatively at least, try to attribute a \u27paternity\u27 (or, rather, a \u27maternity\u27) to some key features and provisions of the agreement

La mortalidad fetal en la presentación podálica: Instituto de Maternidad de La Plata

En esta tesis pretendo hacer una relación o comparación de estadísticas de distintos autores, ya sean clásicos o modernos, con datos obtenidos personalmente en los archivos del Instituto de Maternidad de La Plata, al respecto, y examinar las causas de esa mortalidad. Pero antes de entrar al tema en sí, creo conveniente ubicar la presentación podálica en relación a las otras formas de presentación, haciendo una somera referencia de su frecuencia y sus causas.Tesis digitalizada en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración de la Biblioteca de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Médica

DFT study of ethanol adsorption on CaO(0 0 1) surface

Ethanol adsorption on CaO (0 0 1) surface at low coverage is studied using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with van der Waals corrections. We investigated the CaO surface in its rock salt structure. The more favorable sites for C2H5OH adsorption are on one (or two) Ca cations bonding the O atom from ethanol, while H atom bond to surface oxygens with an adsorption energy of −1.12 (−1.14) eV. The distance of ethanol to surface is in the range of 2.3–2.5 Å. The molecule presents a strong elongation of the adsorbed O[sbnd]H group being 53% (51%) larger that its molecular distance. Bond order analysis shows that distances and BO are similar for Ca[sbnd]Omolecule and Ca[sbnd]Osurface. A charge transfer occurs from O atom of the 2nd layer to Ca ions at 1st layer and the molecular O atom gain some charge, while H loses charge towards surface oxygen and from this to the rest of the surface.Fil: Orazi, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y de Computadoras; ArgentinaFil: Juan, Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Estela Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Marchetti, Jorge Mario. Norwegian University of Life Sciences. Faculty of Science and Technology; NoruegaFil: Jasen, Paula Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; Argentin

Emotion Regulation in Consumption: Antecedents and Consequences

While people often feel “ruled by their passions,” individuals can and do exert substantial control over their emotional experiences. A growing body of literature in psychology suggests that the various ways emotions are regulated can have considerable impact on both the emotional experience and other psychological processes. Over three essays, this work examines how individuals regulate their emotions, when they are motivated to do so, and why these concepts are important for consumer behavior. In the first essay, I investigate how emotions are managed by looking at one specific emotion regulation strategy: attention deployment. Using experimental methods, I determine that individuals naturally use attention deployment to regulate their emotions, but the effectiveness varies with the emotion being regulated. After establishing attention deployment as a viable emotion regulation strategy, the second essay asks when individuals are motivated to change their emotions. I propose that identities are associated with discrete emotions, and that these associations give rise to emotion profiles that describe appropriate emotional experiences for individuals with that active identity. The studies reported in the second essay establish that social identities have associations to specific emotions, these associations differ between identities, and the emotion-identity relationships lead to outcomes in cognition, affect, motivation, and regulation. Additional experiments demonstrate that individuals engage in emotion regulation to reduce (enhance) their experience of emotions which are inconsistent (consistent) with the identity’s emotion profile. In the third and final essay, I connect emotion regulation and emotion profiles to marketing and consumer outcomes. Four studies show that experiencing emotions consistent with the identity’s emotion profile enhances persuasion, product choice, and consumption—even for identity-unrelated products and advertisements. Ultimately, consequences for the framing and positioning of identity-relevant products are drawn. Across the three essays, I investigate how, when and why emotion regulation processes influence consumer outcomes. From identifying a specific emotion regulation strategy, to introducing the concept of emotion profiles, new insights into the emotion regulation process are provided. These findings suggest that emotion regulation has widespread impact on consumer outcomes, and represents a new viewpoint on how the emotion experience varies by individual

Different types domains are present in complex I from immature seeds and of CA adult plants in Arabidopsis thaliana

Mitochondrial Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase complex is the first complex of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. In plants and in a variety of eukaryotes except Opisthokonta, complex I (CI) contains an extra spherical domain called carbonic anhydrase (CA) domain. This domain is thought to be composed of trimers of gamma type CA and CA-like subunits. In Arabidopsis, the CA gene family contains five members (CA1, CA2, CA3, CAL1 and CAL2). The CA domain appears to be crucial for CI assembly and is essential for normal embryogenesis. As CA and CA-like proteins are arranged in trimers to form the CA domain, it is possible for the complex to adopt different arrangements that might be tissue-specific or have specialized functions. In this work, we show that the proportion of specific CI changes in a tissue-specific manner. In immature seeds, CI assembly may be indistinctly dependent on CA1, CA2 or CA3. However, in adult plant tissues (or tissues derived from stem cells, as cell cultures), CA2-dependent CI is clearly the most abundant. This difference might account for specific physiological functions. We present evidence suggesting that CA3 does not interact with any other CA family member. As CA3 was found to interact with CI FRO1 (NDUFS4) subunit, which is located in the matrix arm, this suggests a role for CA3 in assembly and stability of CI.Fil: Córdoba, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Fassolari, Marisol. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Marchetti, Maria Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Soto, Débora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Pagnussat, Gabriela Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Zabaleta, Eduardo Julian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentin

Evolutionary rates in human amyloid proteins reveal their intrinsic metastability

The emerging picture of protein nature reveals its intrinsic metastability. According to this idea, although a protein is kinetically trapped in a local free energy minimum that defines its native state, those kinetic barriers can be overcome by a complex mixture of the protein’s intrinsic properties and environmental conditions, promoting access to more stable states such as the amyloid fibril. Proteins that are strongly driven towards aggregation in the form of these fibrils are called amyloidogenic. In this work we study the evolutionary rates of 81 human proteins for which an in vivo amyloid state is supported by experiment-based evidence. We found that these proteins evolve faster when compared with a large dataset of ∼16,000 reference proteins from the human proteome. However, their evolutionary rates were indistinguishable from those of secreted proteins that are already known to evolve fast. After analyzing different parameters that correlate with evolutionary rates, we found that the evolutionary rates of amyloidogenic proteins could be modulated by factors associated with metastable transitions such as supersaturation and conformational diversity. Our results showcase the importance of protein metastability in evolutionary studies.Fil: Zea, Diego Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universite Paris-saclay (universite Paris-saclay);Fil: Mac Donagh, Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Benítez, Guillermo Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Guisande Donadio, Cristian Emanuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Marchetti, Julia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Palopoli, Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Fornasari, Maria Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Parisi, Gustavo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; Argentin

Human TrkAR649W mutation impairs nociception, sweating and cognitive abilities: a mouse model of HSAN IV

A functional nerve growth factor (NGF)-TrkA system is an essential requisite for the generation and maintenance of long-lasting thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in adult mammals. Indeed, mutations in the gene encoding for TrkA are responsible for a rare condition, named Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy type IV (HSAN IV), characterized by the loss of response to noxious stimuli, anhidrosis and cognitive impairment. However, to date, there is no available mouse model to properly understand how the NGF-TrkA system can lead to pathological phenotypes that are distinctive of HSAN IV. Here, we report the generation of a knock-in mouse line carrying the HSAN IV TrkAR649W mutation. First, by in vitro biochemical and biophysical analyses, we show that the pathological R649W mutation leads to kinase-inactive TrkA also affecting its membrane dynamics and trafficking. In agreement with the HSAN IV human phenotype, TrkAR649W/m mice display a lower response to thermal and chemical noxious stimuli, correlating with reduced skin innervation, in addition to decreased sweating in comparison to TrkAh/m controls. Moreover, the R649W mutation decreases anxiety-like behavior and compromises cognitive abilities, by impairing spatial-working and social memory. Our results further uncover unexplored roles of TrkA in thermoregulation and sociability. In addition to accurately recapitulating the clinical manifestations of HSAN IV patients, our findings contribute to clarify the involvement of the NGF-TrkA system in pain sensation

Molecular-scale substrate anisotropy and crowding drive long-range nematic order of cell monolayers

The ability of cells to reorganize in response to external stimuli is important in areas ranging from morphogenesis to tissue engineering. Elongated cells can co-align due to steric effects, forming states with local order. We show that molecular-scale substrate anisotropy can direct cell organization, resulting in the emergence of nematic order on tissue scales. To quantitatively examine the disorder-order transition, we developed a high-throughput imaging platform to analyze velocity and orientational correlations for several thousand cells over days. The establishment of global, seemingly long-ranged order is facilitated by enhanced cell division along the substrate's nematic axis, and associated extensile stresses that restructure the cells' actomyosin networks. Our work, which connects to a class of systems known as active dry nematics, provides a new understanding of the dynamics of cellular remodeling and organization in weakly interacting cell collectives. This enables data-driven discovery of cell-cell interactions and points to strategies for tissue engineering.Comment: 29 pages, 7 figure