Combined Use of Problem Based Learning and Flipped Learning in Turbomachinery

Several methodologies are available to promote active learning processes. This is especially important under the creation of the European Higher Education Area, which has contributed to enhance university teaching through the use of new teaching tools. The aim of this paper is to present results about the use of Problem-Based Learning combined with Flipped Learning methodology for teaching turbomachinery, with a group of 50 undergraduate students. This experience was implemented in the Industrial Engineering School at the University of Castilla- La Mancha (Albacete, Spain). The aim of this study was to implement innovative tools to avoid conventional classes at the university. Moreover, it can be useful to increase motivation, because students participate in class, interacting with other students. Both methodologies resulted in a very positive learning experience, with most of the students (89%) participating in the task, which is not commonly achieved in a conventional class. The majority of students considered this type of activity to be useful for the subject although they thought it necessary to devote more time to it for the methodology to function properly. This work was partially funded by the Industrial Engineering School at Castilla – La Mancha UniversityCórcoles Tendero, JI.; Martínez Romero, Á. (2020). Combined Use of Problem Based Learning and Flipped Learning in Turbomachinery. En 6th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd'20). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. (30-05-2020):689-696. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd20.2020.11128OCS68969630-05-202

Collective irrigation network analysis considering plots irrigation scheduling

[EN] The aim of this work is to implement a simulation tool for management of collective irrigation network, than minimizes the energy cost in pumping station. The proposed methodology has been applied in 2015 to an irrigation network of 550 ha in Castilla-La Mancha, for two pressure head managements (fixed or variable), taking into account the open hydrants and their location in the network. The tool simulates the network behavior using EPANET®, and it is based on the crops irrigation scheduling of the plots calculated with MOPECO model. The results indicate that the use of fixed pressure head management might be more interesting than the variable pressure head, due to its simplicity, despite its slight increase in energy consumption, lower than 2% in the analysed cases.[ES] El objetivo del trabajo es implementar una herramienta de simulación para la gestión de una red colectiva de riego, que minimice el coste energético en la estación de bombeo. La metodología propuesta ha sido aplicada en el año 2015 a una red de riego de 550 ha en Castilla–La Mancha para dos manejos de la presión en cabecera (fijo o variable), según el conjunto de tomas abiertas y su localización en la red. La herramienta simula el comportamiento de la red utilizando EPANET® partiendo de la programación de riegos de los cultivos del conjunto de parcelas abastecidas por la red utilizando el modelo MOPECO. Los resultados indican que la simplicidad de la gestión de la red con altura de presión fija hace que este sistema sea más interesante que con altura variable, a pesar del ligero incremento de consumo de energía que conlleva, inferior al 2% en los casos analizados.Al proyecto del Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO) AGL2014-59747-C2-1-R (cofinanciado con fondos FEDER) y al proyecto de la Unión Europea IBRASIL Project (Inclusive and Innovative Brazil Erasmus Mundus Programme) por el apoyo financiero, a través de la beca de estudio de doctorado.Lima, FA.; Córcoles, JI.; Tarjuelo, JM.; Martinez Romero, A. (2019). Análisis del comportamiento de una red colectiva de riego considerando la programación de riego en parcela. Ingeniería del Agua. 23(2):77-87. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2019.9517SWORD7787232Abadía, R., Rocamora, C., Ruiz-Canales, A., Puerto, H. (2008). Energy efficiency in irrigation distribution networks I: theory. Biosystems Engineering, 101(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.05.013Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D., Smith M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration: guide-lines for computing crop water requirements. Paper No. 56. FAO, Italy.Córcoles, J.I., Tarjuelo, J.M., Moreno, M.A. (2016). Pumping station regulation in on-demand irrigation networks using strategic control nodes. Agricultural Water Management, 163, 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.09.001Córcoles, J.I (2009). La gestión del agua y la energía en el regadío mediante técnicas de "Benchamarking". Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Tecnología Agraria. Universidad Castilla-La Mancha. Albacete, España. https://doi.org/10.18239/vdh.v0i6.311Domínguez, A., Martínez-Navarro, A., López-Mata, E., Tarjuelo, J.M., Martínez-Romero, A. (2017). Real farm management depending on the available volume of irrigation water (part I): Financial analysis. Agricultural Water Management, 192, 71-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.06.022Domínguez, A., Martínez-Romero, A., Leite, K.N., Tarjuelo, J.M., de Juan, J.A., López-Urrea, R. (2013). Combination of typical meteorological year with regulated deficit irrigation to improve the profitability of garlic growing in central Spain. Agricultural Water Management, 130, 154-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2013.08.024Domínguez, A., Martínez, R.S., de Juan, J.A., Martínez-Romero, A., Tarjuelo, J.M. (2012a). Simulation of maize crop behavior under deficit irrigation using MOPECO model in a semi-arid environment. Agricultural Water Management, 107, 42-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.01.006Domínguez, A., Jiménez, M., Tarjuelo, J.M., de Juan, J.A., Martínez-Romero, A. Leite, K.N. (2012b). Simulation of onion crop behavior under optimized regulated deficit irrigation using MOPECO model in a semi-arid environment. Agricultural Water Management, 113, 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.06.019Knox, J., Morris, J., Hess, T. (2010). Identifying future risks to UK agricultural crop production: putting climate change in context. Outlook on Agriculture, 39, 249-256. https://doi.org/10.5367/oa.2010.0016Lima, F.A. (2017). Modelo de gestión de una red colectiva de riego a la demanda mediante control de la programación de riego en parcela. Tesis Doctoral. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, España. https://doi.org/10.7127/iv-inovagri-meeting-2017-res5911030Moreno, M,A., Córcoles, J.I., Tarjuelo, J.M., Ortega, J.F. (2010). Energy efficiency of pressurised irrigation networks managed on-demand and under a rotation schedule. Biosystems Engineering, 107(4), 349-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2010.09.009Ortega, J.F., de Juan, J.A., Tarjuelo, J.M. (2005). Improving water management: the irrigation advisory service of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). Agricultural Water Management, 77(1-3), 37-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.028Pérez Urrestarazu, L., Smout, I., Rodríguez, J., Carrillo-Cobo, M. (2010). Irrigation distribution networks. Vulnerability to climate change. Journal Irrigation Drainage Engineering, 136(7), 486-493. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0000210Planells, P., Tarjuelo, J.M., Ortega, J.F., Casanova, M.I. (2001). Design of water distribution networks for on-demand irrigation. Irrigation Science, 20(4), 189-201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002710100045Pratap, R. (2010). Getting Started with Matlab. A Quick Introduction for Scientist and Engineers. Oxford University Press, USA.Rodríguez, J.A., Camacho, E., López, R, (2007). Model to forecast maximum flows in on-demand irrigation distribution networks. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 133(3), 222-231. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(2007)133:3(222)Rodríguez-Díaz, J. A., López Luque, R., Carrillo Cobo, M. T., Montesinos, P., Camacho Poyato, E. (2009). Exploring energy saving scenarios for on-demand pressurised irrigation networks. Biosystems Engineering, 104(4), 552-561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2009.09.001Rossman, L. A. (2000). EPANET 2, users' manual. Water supply and Water Resources Division. National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Enviromental Protection Agency. Cincinati.SiAR. (2016). Consulta de datos meteorológicos. Servicio Integral de Asesoramiento al Regante de Castilla-La Mancha. Albacete, España. http://crea.uclm.es/siar/datmeteo/. Acceso en 07 de octubre de 2016.Steduto, P., Hsiao, T.C., Raes, D., Fereres, E. (2009). AquaCrop-The FAO Crop Model to Simulate Yield Response to Water: I. Concepts and Underlying Principles. Agronomy Journal, 101(3), 426-437. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0139sStöckle, C.O., Donatelli, M., Nelsol, R. (2003). CropSyst, a cropping systems simulation model. 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Decision Support System Tool to Reduce the Energy Consumption of Water Abstraction from Aquifers for Irrigation

In pressurized irrigation networks that use underground water resources, submersible pumps are one of the highest energy consumers. The objective of this paper was to develop a decision support system, implemented in MATLAB®, to reduce the energy consumption of the water abstraction process, from an aquifer to a reservoir in existing wells, by installing a frequency speed drive. An economic module with the aim to assess the economic profitability of the investment cost of the variable speed drive was also developed. This tool was used in three wells that were located in the Eastern Mancha Aquifer. Several scenarios and irrigation seasons were analyzed while considering the interannual and annual variation in ground water depth. In the three analyzed irrigation societies (named A, B, and C), energy savings were achieved using a variable speed frequency when compared with fixed speed. Considering the analyzed cases, when the dynamic water table level is higher, energy savings ranged from 4.4% and 24.4%, using a variable speed ratio of 0.9 and 0.82. The energy savings based on the variable speed frequency increased when the dynamic water table level was lower, with the average energy savings close to 23%, 22% and 6.8% for irrigation societies A, B, and C, respectively. The results also show that the investment costs of the variable speed drive in two of the three irrigation societies studied were highly profitable, with a payback that ranged from 4.5 to 10 years

Feasibility of the Use of Variable Speed Drives in Center Pivot Systems Installed in Plots with Variable Topography

Pumping systems are the largest energy consumers in center pivot irrigation systems. One action to reduce energy consumption is to adjust the pumping pressure to that which is strictly needed by using variable speed drives (VSDs). The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of including VSDs in pumping systems that feed center pivot systems operating in an area with variable topography. The VSPM (Variable Speed Pivot Model) was developed to perform hydraulic and energy analyses of center pivot systems using the EPANET hydraulics engine. This tool is able to determine the elevation of each tower for each position of the center pivot using any type of digital elevation model. It is also capable of simulating, in an accurate manner, the performance of the center pivot controlled with a VSD. The tool was applied to a real case study, located in Albacete, Spain. The results show a reduction in energy consumption of 12.2%, with specific energy consumptions of 0.214 and 0.244 kWh m−3 of distributed water obtained for the variable speed and fixed speed of the pumping station, respectively. The results also show that for an irrigation season, to meet the water requirements of the maize crop in the region of the study (627 mm), an average annual savings of 14,107.35 kWh was obtained, which resulted in an economic savings of 2821.47€