Pharmacotherapy in Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Intravesical Botulinum Toxin Type A

When the neurogenic bladder is refractory to anticholinergics, botulinum toxin type A is used as an alternative. The neurotoxin type A reduces bladder pressure and increases its capacity and wall compliance. Additionally, it contributes to improving urinary continence and quality of life. This novel therapy is ambulatory with a low incidence of adverse effects. Due to its transitory effect, it is necessary to repeat the injections in order to sustain its therapeutic effect. In these review article we talk about Mechanism of Action, Indications, effects, administration and presentations of the Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in pediatric patients. Also, we make references to controversial issues surrounding its use. A bibliographic search was done selecting articles and revisions from Pubmed. The key words used were botulinum toxin A, neurogenic bladder, and children. The search was limited to patients younger than 18 years of age and reports written in English in the past ten years

Sensibilidad y especificidad del registro de observación de variables asociadas con el lenguaje y su desarrollo (Rol)

[Resumen] Ante la falta de instrumentos que permitirían la evaluación rápida y sencilla de las dificultades del lenguaje infantil en el contexto escolar, en un trabajo anterior se diseñó a modo de prueba piloto un Registro de Observación de Variables Asociadas con L enguaje y su Desarrollo (ROL) en el que se incluyeron siete grandes áreas objeto de evaluación. L as áreas incluidas fueron aquellas que, en caso de alteración, podrían incidir directa o indirectamente en la aparición de dificultades en el desarrollo del lenguaje infantil. En el presente trabajo se trató de comprobar si el ROL resultaba un instrumento válido y fiable para la detección de dificultades del lenguaje en educación infantil. Para ello, se determinó la sensibilidad y especificidad del ROL a la hora de evaluar determinadas áreas similares a las evaluadas por la Prueba de Lenguaje Oral de N avarra Revisada (PLON-R). Para ello fueron evaluados 98 niños (54 niños y 44 niñas) de segundo ciclo de educación infantil. Los resultados indicaron que el ROL presentaba una elevada sensibilidad y especificidad respecto a tres (fonología/forma, categorías/semántica, órdenes sencillas/atención y reconocimiento visual) de las cinco áreas analizadas[Abstract] In the absence of tools for quick and easy assessment of child language difficulties in the school context, in a previous paper was designed as a pilot test a record to assess oral language which included seven major areas. Areas involved were those that, when altered, could either directly or indirectly affect the occurrence of difficulties in child language development. This paper checks if the Observational Record Variables A ssociated with Developmental L anguage (ROL) was a valid and reliable tool for detecting language difficulties in early childhood education. For this, the sensitivity and specificity of the ROL to evaluate specific areas similar to those assessed by the For this, the sensitivity and specificity of ROL was determined assessing specific similar to those assessed by the Test of Oral L anguage N avarra Revised (PLON-R) areas. The assessment was performed at 98 children (54 boys and 44 girls) second cycle early childhood education. The results indicated that the ROL had a high sensitivity and specificity for three (phonology/form, categories/semantics, simply orders/ attention and visual recognition) of the five areas analyzed

Características de los comerciales de televisión que inciden en la elección de jugos naturales en niños de 8 a 10 años de estrato 5 y 6

La presente investigación fue realizada por estudiantes del programa de Comunicación Publicitaria, con el animo de identificar cuales son los procesos que motivan a los niños entre los 8 y 10 años de edad de estratos 5 y 6 a consumir jugos naturales; de igual forma determinar las características de los comerciales de televisión que inciden en la elección de estos productos. Se recurrió a información publicada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años acerca de la percepción y psicoanálisis de los niños con respecto a la identificación de marcas, reconocimiento de logos y aceptación de la publicidad televisiva como influencia de consumo. Se utilizaron técnicas de investigación mixta (cuantitativa y cualitativa) debido a la naturaleza del grupo objetivo; los resultados obtenidos fueron tabulados y analizados, permitiendo generar recomendaciones de orden metodológico, práctico y conceptual para aquellos estudiantes de Comunicación Publicitaria y carreras a fines que deseen realizar campañas o futuras investigaciones dirigidas a este grupo objetivoTesis (Publicista) -- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2004PregradoPublicist

Extracellular Protease ADAMTS1 Is Required at Early Stages of Human Uveal Melanoma Development by Inducing Stemness and Endothelial-Like Features on Tumor Cells

We would like to thank members of JCRM’s laboratory and GENYO’s support units for helping with animal handling, technical assistance, and further discussion. The results published here are in part based upon data generated by the TCGA Research Network (www.cancer.gov/tcga). This manuscript will be part of CPT PhD Thesis belonging to the Doctorate Program on Biomedicine, UGR, Spain.Extracellular matrix remodeling within the tumor microenvironment has been recognized as a relevant dynamic framework during tumor growth. However, research on proteases that trigger this remodeling keeps revealing a wide range of actions including both pro- and anti-tumorigenic. The extracellular protease ADAMTS1 exemplifies this dual role. In this work, we first confirmed a positive correlation of ADAMTS1 with endothelial-like phenotype of human melanoma cells together with the finding of associated signatures, including key genes such as endothelial CDH5. Using a CRISPR-Cas9 approach, we observed that the inhibition of ADAMTS1 in an aggressive uveal melanoma model compromised its endothelial-like properties, and more importantly, caused a robust blockade on the progression of tumor xenografts. Although vasculature emerged affected in ADAMTS1-deficient tumors, the most relevant action implied the downregulation of endothelial CDH5 in tumor cells, in association with stemness markers. Indeed, melanoma sphere assays also revealed a deficient commitment to form spheres in the absence of ADAMTS1, directly correlating with stemness markers and, remarkably, also with CDH5. Finally, taking advantage of advanced bioinformatics tools and available public data of uveal melanomas, we disclosed new prognosis factors, including endothelial elements and ADAMTS proteases. Our findings support the key role of ADAMTS proteases for uveal melanoma development since earlier stages, modulating the complex crosstalk between extracellular matrix and the induction of stemness and endothelial-like features. To our knowledge, this is the first report that supports the development of therapeutic targets on the extracellular matrix to overcome uveal melanoma.This research was supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and Instituto de Salud Carlos III from Spain, co-financed by FEDER (PI16/00345 to JCRM) and from Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (OH-0028-2018, PE-0225-2018)

Fast Recovery in Esthetic Body Contouring Surgery

Body contouring surgery is worldwide accepted as one of the most successful esthetic surgeries. Lipectomy, liposuction, and buttock fat infiltration are among the most frequent procedures realized, but also, they are not free of complications as any other surgery. A strategy to overcome these complications is to provide the patient with a good perioperative care, to improve every aspect of recovery. The areas to be improved are nutrition, immunology, pain and inflammation, hemodynamics, early mobilization, patient education and communication, and leadership to evaluate if it is correctly been done. The implementation of these fast recovery strategies is the best approach for our patients, with cost-efficiency optimization, a better experience, and a high overall satisfaction during the whole process. It constitutes a paradigm shift from the traditional steps around the well-being of the patient. If all the areas are covered and improved, the patient should have a fast recovery and a good experience of the surgery

Factores Socioeconómicos y Motivacionales que Afectan el Rendimiento Escolar de los Estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas Administrativas de la Unacar

At present, it is not well seen that the education of a country has high rates of failure, or a low level of school performance, as this has implications for the economy and growth of the country. For this reason, governments have increasingly invested in quality education, establishing educational policies and allocating resources to reduce the factors that prevent countries from reaching the expected educational quality. One of these factors is the low academic performance and to increase it, it is necessary to identify the factors that affect its occurrence. The present investigation seeks to identify the factors that affect the academic performance of the students of the Faculty of Economic Administrative Sciences of the Autonomous University of the Carmen, through a descriptive study, based on a qualitative analysis about the detection of the indicators that have greater impact on the student’s academic performance index. The results show that students who fail most, not only study, but also work, which prevents them from devoting more time to study. Another important factor is the lack of interest in the subject.En la actualidad, no es bien visto que la educación presente altos índices de reprobación, o un bajo nivel de desempeño escolar, ya que ello tiene implicaciones en la economía y crecimiento del país. Por esa razón los gobiernos deciden, cada vez más, invertir en educación de calidad, estableciendo las políticas educativas y destinando los recursos que permitan disminuir los factores que impiden alcanzar la calidad educativa esperada. Uno de esos factores es el bajo desempeño académico, y para combatirlo es necesario identificar los factores que inciden para que se produzca. La presente investigación está dirigida a identificar los factores que afectan el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas Administrativas de la Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, por medio de un estudio descriptivo, basado en un análisis cualitativo sobre la detección de los indicadores que reflejan mayor impacto en el índice de rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los estudiantes que reprueban, no solo estudian, sino que además trabajan, lo que les impide dedicar mayor tiempo al estudio. Otro factor importante es la falta de interés por la materia

Creación de un nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia

Depto. de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología AlimentariaFac. de FarmaciaFALSEsubmitte

Coinfections and differential diagnosis in immunocompetent patients with uveitis of infectious origin

Background: Making a definite diagnosis of infectious uveitis is a challenging task because many other infectious, and non-infectious uveitis, may have similar non-specific symptoms and overlapping clinical appearances. Co-infections in immunocompetent patients are not frequently proved with traditional serologic-diagnostic tools. Methods: Descriptive transversal study, in a Uveitis Service of an Ophthalmology Reference Center, in Bogotá, Colombia, from July 2014 to February 2016. Aqueous humor (AH) and/or vitreous fluid, blood and serum samples were collected from consecutive patients suspected of having infectious uveitis. The diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) was confirmed by the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient (GWC) and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differential diagnosis by PCR in AH was done for viral origin such as Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2), Varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results: In 66 Colombian patients with uveitis of presumed infectious origin: 22 (33.3%) were confirmed as OT, 16 (24.2%) as undetermined OT, five (7.5%) as co-infections and 23 (34.8%) as other uveitis. Toxoplasma coinfection with M. tuberculosis was identified in one case by PCR and in four cases with HSV by GWC. The initial clinical diagnosis changed, after laboratory examination, in 21 cases (31.8%). Conclusions: Clinical diagnosis can be changed by laboratory examination in a significant proportion of cases of uveitis. Diagnosis of OT should combine the use of PCR and GWC to reach the maximum of confirmation of cases. The use of multiple laboratory methods is necessary to identify co-infections and viral infections that can mimic OT in immunocompetent patients. © 2019 The Author(s)