Cosine polynomials with few zeros

Abstract: In a celebrated paper, Borwein, Erdélyi, Ferguson and Lockhart constructed cosine polynomials of the form f A ( x ) = ∑ a ∈ A cos ( a x ) , with A ⊆ N , | A | = n and as few as n 5 / 6 + o ( 1 ) zeros in [ 0 , 2 π ] , thereby disproving an old conjecture of Littlewood. Here we give a sharp analysis of their constructions and, as a result, prove that there exist examples with as few as C ( n log n ) 2 / 3 zeros

Influence of Maritime Transport Development on Urban Development of Ports (The Case of Klaipėda)

<p>There is no break line dividing two different worlds of a port and city. It is a territory, sometimes wider, sometimes narrower. The development of a port, city and inbetween territories depends on the development of maritime transport whose needs are always growing. The only way to develop port and city structures and to achieve a certain urban quality is to look after territories of interfaces. Another task is to classify maritime transport and all installations using the port life cycle and to find possibilities of requalification in order to make territories more effective for the port and more open for the city. This framework should be adapted to Klaipėda seaport because the problem of the port and city separation is not solved here. The territories, provided for the port development, are going to make separation deeper. The development of maritime transport could be turned into share of the waterfront in the best way for the port as well as for the city.</p><p>Article in Lithuanian</p

The anthropological dimensions of the preparation of youth for marriage and family

Today, in the face of cultural challenges, dramatically decreased birth rate and the collapse of marriage and family institution, there is no doubt that preparation of youth for marriage and family (PYMF) is now, more than ever, necessary. The changes that have taken place in almost all modern societies demand that not only the family but also the school and Church be involved in this process. According to John Paul II (1981), this process includes three main stages: remote (mostly in the family), proximate (mostly at school) and immediate (immediately preceding the wedding). This chapter focuses on the proximate stage. In the Lithuanian system of Education, the PYMF is not a separate subject but is integrated mostly in moral education. In Lithuania, moral education is divided into the two subjects—Religion and Ethics. Students choose between ethics and religious education and almost half of the student population choose Catholic Religious Education (CRE) as an optional subject (Pranevičienė & Margevičiūtė, 2012). In CRE the concept of the family is based on the understanding that, the family, a natural society, exists prior to the State … is based on marriage, that intimate union of life in complementarity between a man and a woman … indissoluble bond of matrimony and is open to the transmission of life. (The Holy See, 1983, Preamble, B) Every component of the family as so described is today becoming a real challenge during the proximate stage of preparation of Catholic young people for marriage and family in schools. The ideology of ‘gender’ is the main cause of this because it ‘denies the difference and reciprocity in nature of a man and a woman and envisages a society without sexual differences, thereby eliminating the anthropological basis of the family’ (Pope Francis, 2016, par. 56). [...]Teologijos katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

IDEA OF COLLECTIVE GARDENING AND ITS MATERIALISATION IN LITHUANIA / KOLEKTYVINIO SODO IDĖJA IR JOS MATERIALIZACIJA LIETUVOJE

The idea of a collective garden and its effect to Lithuanian built environment is described in the article. Collective gardens in Soviet times became an area to compensate the suppressed need for private property and also it was the place for informal, even corrupt practices. After the shift towards new political system collective gardens are facing intense transformation and it continues to be the “grey zone” where informal practices flourish. The presumption made in the article is that the appearance of collective gardens in Lithuania was heavily influenced by the cultural and economic reality of the Soviet Union. These conditions were crucial for formation of specific living environment in which informal urbanism appears. Santrauka  Kolektyviniai sodai buvo terpė, kurioje jau sovietmečiu pasireiškė nuslopintas privačios nuosavybės poreikis. Pasikeitus politinei šalies santvarkai, pasikeitė miestų planavimo principai, tačiau kolektyviniai sodai išliko „pilkąja zona“ kurioje ir toliau reiškėsi netipiniai urbanizacijos procesai. Tekste keliama prielaida, kad šis reiškinys yra Sovietų Sąjungai būdingų kultūrinių, politinių ir socialinių procesų rezultatas, o šio eksperimento palikimas Lietuvoje suformavo specifinę gyvenamąją terpę, kurioje vyrauja neformalaus urbanizmo praktikos. Straipsnyje glaustai atskleidžiamos kolektyvinio sodo idėjos atsiradimo aplinkybės, šios idėjos santykis su realia projektavimo ir statybos praktika Lietuvoje, bei minėto proceso įtaka šių dienų gyvenamajai aplinkai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: kolektyviniai sodai, urbanistikos istorija, utopija, posovietinės miestų transformacijos, neformali ekonomika, neformalus urbanizmas, užmiesčio namas

Legislation of direct-to-consumer genetic testing in Europe: a fragmented regulatory landscape

Despite the increasing availability of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing, it is currently unclear how such services are regulated in Europe, due to the lack of EU or national legislation specifically addressing this issue. In this article, we provide an overview of laws that could potentially impact the regulation of DTC genetic testing in 26 European countries, namely Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Emphasis is placed on provisions relating to medical supervision, genetic counselling and informed consent. Our results indicate that currently there is a wide spectrum of laws regarding genetic testing in Europe. There are countries (e.g. France and Germany) which essentially ban DTC genetic testing, while in others (e.g. Luxembourg and Poland) DTC genetic testing may only be restricted by general laws, usually regarding health care services and patients' rights.status: publishe

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. DO WE HAVE A COMMON GOAL? / KRAŠTOVAIZDŽIO ARCHITEKTŪROS IR URBANISTIKOS SĄVEIKA – AR TURIME BENDRĄ TIKSLĄ

The article analyses the problem of the relationship and interaction between urban design and landscape architecture. This refers to the period of the modern city from the late nineteenth century to the present day. There are presented and discussed urbanization processes and examples of solutions with emphasis on problems arising from the relationship between a city and nature as well as those related to urban landscape and sustainability of urban landscaping in the twentieth century. Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojama urbanistikos ir kraštovaizdžio architektūros santykio ir sąveikos problema. Aprėpiamas moderniojo miesto laikotarpis – nuo XIX a. antrosios pusės iki nūdienos. Pateikiama XX a. urbanizacijos procesų ir sprendinių pavyzdžių, aptariama akcentuojant miesto santykio su gamta, želdynais, t. y. gyvo, tvaraus miesto kraštovaizdžio, formavimo problematiką. Raktiniai žodžiai: urbanistika, kraštovaizdžio architektūra, miestovaizdžio formavimas