Co-designing a curriculum for a sober techno- and eco-responsible engineering: transition to a new professional identity for a sustainable world

In a finite world whose limits now seem obvious, future engineers are wondering what their profession will become tomorrow. To respond to this strong expectation, the PISTE2 curriculum was opened in September 2021: a full semester in the final year of engineering studies at Grenoble INP-UGA (France). The program was co-designed with the students and the different partners. The objectives are to enable the students to experiment a new posture and to offer them the tools needed to meet the challenges they will face in a world in transition. A systemic, interdisciplinary approach, considering planetary limits and environmental and societal impacts, structures the whole semester. This paper presents and argues the pedagogical design choices. With a view to continuous improvement, the strengths and areas for improvement are described

Influence du glissement sur l'écoulement d'un fluide viscoplastique autour d'une plaque plane

Cette étude expérimentale s'intéresse à l'influence du glissement sur l'écoulement non-inertiel d'un fluide viscoplastique autour d'une plaque plane se déplaçant à vitesse constante. La force de traînée subie par la plaque a été analysée en fonction de la vitesse et des conditions interfaciales : adhérence et glissement. Les champs cinématiques ont également été déterminés par une analyse PIV. Ces champs ont permis de caractériser l'influence de la vitesse et des conditions interfaciales sur les régions liquide et solide de l'écoulement. Les contraintes pariétales le long de la plaque et les vitesses de glissement issues de la PIV ont ensuite été comparées aux mesures rhéométriques

Dynamique d'une particule en suspension dans un fluide à seuil en écoulement dans un capillaire

Le travail présenté a pour objectif d'identifier les mécanismes qui gouvernent la dynamique d'une particule solide isolée dans un champ d'écoulement viscoplastique à inertie très faible. Les conditions expérimentales ont été précisément contrôlées notamment le glissement du fluide à l'interface. Les vitesses de translation et de rotation des particules ont été mesurées selon leur position dans la zone d'écoulement rigide en mouvement ou dans la zone cisaillée pariétale. Une modélisation de ce phénomène a été proposée

Intensification des transferts de chaleur par convection forcée en conduite de section carrée avec des ferrofluides

Cet article présente une investigation expérimentale de l'étude du transfert de chaleur au sein d'un ferrofluide en convection forcée à flux thermique imposé sous champ magnétique. Le régime d'écoulement étudié est essentiellement laminaire (250 < Re <830). La géométrie du canal de test est carrée, ce qui nous permet d'étudier l'influence de la direction du champ par rapport à celle du flux de chaleur. Les résultats obtenus nous montrent une meilleure intensification des transferts thermiques de plus de 80% dans le cas où le champ magnétique est perpendiculaire au flux de chaleur.</p

CELF proteins regulate CFTR pre-mRNA splicing: essential role of the divergent domain of ETR-3

Cystic fibrosis is a prominent genetic disease caused by mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Among the many disease-causing alterations are pre-mRNA splicing defects that can hamper mandatory exon inclusion. CFTR exon 9 splicing depends in part on a polymorphic UG(m)U(n) sequence at the end of intron 8, which can be bound by TDP-43, leading to partial exon 9 skipping. CELF proteins, like CUG-BP1 and ETR-3, can also bind UG repeats and regulate splicing. We show here that ETR-3, but not CUG-BP1, strongly stimulates exon 9 skipping, although both proteins bind efficiently to the same RNA motif as TDP-43 and with higher affinity. We further show that the skipping of this exon may be due to the functional antagonism between U2AF65 and ETR-3 binding onto the polymorphic U or UG stretch, respectively. Importantly, we demonstrate that the divergent domain of ETR-3 is critical for CFTR exon 9 skipping, as shown by deletion and domain-swapping experiments. We propose a model whereby several RNA-binding events account for the complex regulation of CFTR exon 9 inclusion, with strikingly distinct activities of ETR-3 and CUG-BP1, related to the structure of their divergent domain

A Cryptic Frizzled Module in Cell Surface Collagen 18 Inhibits Wnt/β−Catenin Signaling

Collagens contain cryptic polypeptide modules that regulate major cell functions, such as cell proliferation or death. Collagen XVIII (C18) exists as three amino terminal end variants with specific amino terminal polypeptide modules. We investigated the function of the variant 3 of C18 (V3C18) containing a frizzled module (FZC18), which carries structural identity with the extracellular cysteine-rich domain of the frizzled receptors. We show that V3C18 is a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, its topology being mediated by the FZC18 module. V3C18 mRNA was expressed at low levels in 21 normal adult human tissues. Its expression was up-regulated in fibrogenesis and in small well-differentiated liver tumors, but decreased in advanced human liver cancers. Low FZC18 immunostaining in liver cancer nodules correlated with markers of high Wnt/β−catenin activity. V3C18 (Mr = 170 kD) was proteolytically processed into a cell surface FZC18-containing 50 kD glycoprotein precursor that bound Wnt3a in vitro through FZC18 and suppressed Wnt3a-induced stabilization of β−catenin. Ectopic expression of either FZC18 (35 kD) or its 50 kD precursor inhibited Wnt/β−catenin signaling in colorectal and liver cancer cell lines, thus downregulating major cell cycle checkpoint gatekeepers cyclin D1 and c-myc and reducing tumor cell growth. By contrast, full-length V3C18 was unable to inhibit Wnt signaling. In summary, we identified a cell-surface signaling pathway whereby FZC18 inhibits Wnt/β−catenin signaling. The signal, encrypted within cell-surface C18, is released by enzymatic processing as an active frizzled cysteine-rich domain (CRD) that reduces cancer cell growth. Thus, extracellular matrix controls Wnt signaling through a collagen-embedded CRD behaving as a cell-surface sensor of proteolysis, conveying feedback cues to control cancer cell fate

Influence of slip on the flow of a yield stress fluid around a flat plate

Non UBCUnreviewedAuthor affiliation: Grenoble-INPOthe

Structuring of gelled suspensions flowing through a sudden three-dimensional expansion

International audienc

Drag and stability of objects in a yield stress fluid

International audienc

Drag of an isolated cylinder and interactions between two cylinders in yield stress fluids

International audienc