The Role of the Black Women in the Black Liberation Movement and the Women's Movement and on to Transnational Feminism

"As the title states I will be discussing the role that Black women in the USA have played in two major social movements in this Century - the Black Liberation Movement and the Women's Movement. Their roles were critical and pertinent forces in both movements. Subsequently, I will discuss their vision regarding globalization and transnational feminism." (author's abstract

Design and Analysis of low coupling, high transmission optical wavelength Demultiplexer based on two dimensional photonic crystal

In this work, design and simulation of two dimensional photonic crystal with hexagonal lattice based wavelength division multiplexer is investigated. It is consists of high dielectric rods of GaAs with refractive index 3.375, surrounded by air. This device is ultra compact. The demultiplexing of wavelengths 1330nm and 1470nm is done, based on different output line defects with different radius by pitch ratio. The Discrete Fourier Transforms and power spectrum is obtained using OptiFDTD method and results are compared for various wavelengths

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Promotes RANK Expression on Human Monocytes

Elevated serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are associated with diminished bone density in women, beginning years before menopause and the decline in estradiol. We hypothesized that FSH promotes development of myeloid cells toward the bone-resorbing osteoclast phenotype. This was tested by isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nine healthy adults, incubating them in the presence of FSH at three different concentrations spanning the physiological range, and then measuring the expression of receptor activator for NF-κB (RANK, a surface marker for osteoclasts) on CD14+ cells by flow cytometry. In the absence of FSH, 3.3±0.5% of the cells expressed high levels of the receptor (RANKhigh). Increasing concentrations of FSH caused a biphasic dose-response, with a maximal (1.5-fold) increase in RANKhigh cells achieved with 50mIU/ml FSH (P=0.02). Cytokines that influence development of osteoclasts were also measured in culture supernatants: macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) concentrations were not significantly influenced by FSH, whereas RANK-ligand was undetectable. This study supports the concept that the elevated circulating concentrations of FSH during perimenopause may contribute to the increased rate of bone loss by promoting the development of osteoclast precursor cells

EFFECT OF NON-PERFORMING LOANS (NPLS), CAPITAL ADEQUACY (CA) AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CG) ON BANK STABILITY IN NIGERIA

The study examined the effect of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs), Capital Adequacy, Corporate Governance on Bank Stability in Nigeria from 2006-2021. Ten (10) commercial banks represent the sample size for this study. This study made use of secondary data obtained from annual reports and accounts of the Deposit Money Banks under study and NDIC annual report and accounts. The independent variables used are Non-performing loans ratio, capital adequacy ratio while corporate governance was further decomposed into Internal Control (INTC) and External Control (EXTC) and the dependent variable is bank stability measured by Z-score. Data were presented using descriptive statistics, multicollinearity test, validity test, panel unit root test, cointegration test, and correlation matrix. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data with the aid of E-Views version 9.0.  The result of this study revealed that Non-Performing Loans Ratio (NPLR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Internal Control (INTC)  has a positive and insignificant effect on Z-Score of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria while External Control (EXTC) has a negative and significant effect on Z-Score of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria  at 5% level of significance. The study conclude that non-performing loans, capital adequacy and corporate governance has a positive insignificant effect on bank stability in Nigeria. This study recommends that regulatory and supervisory authorities should monitor banks closely to ensure that banks comply with the corporate governance codes so as to achieve bank stability. Keywords: Non-Performing Loans, Capital Adequacy, Internal Control, External Control

Keluhan Muskuloskeletal pada Nelayan

Nelayan merupakan salah satu jenis pekerjaan yang berisiko mengalami penyakit akibat kerja dan/ atau kecelakaan kerja. Salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja yaitu adanya keluhan musculoskeletal/ musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menggambarkan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada nelayan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di Desa Kalasey 1 Kabupaten Miniahasa pada Agustus sampai Desember 2021. Sebanyak 36 nelayanan menjadiresponden dalam penelitian ini. Variabel yang diukur yaitu MSDs menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM). Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan usia paling banyak berumur 46-55 tahun (41,7%), berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan paling banyak berpendidikan SD sederajat (52,8%), berdasarkan masa kerja paling banyak telah bekerja 10 tahun ke atas (77,8%) dan berdasarkan keluhan musculoskeletal (MSDs) paling banyak keluhan sangat tinggi (47,2%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu para nelayan banyak mengalami keluhan yang sangat tinggi sehingga diperlukan upaya koreksi oleh nelayan dan petugas kesehatan

Utjecaj zdravstvenog obrazovanja u zajednici na upravljanje primarnom zdravstvenom zaštitom u nigerijskoj populaciji

Introduction: Primary health care (PHC) is based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods that are universally accessible to individuals and families in the community. Aim: To determine the impact of community-based health education (CBHED) in the implementation of the PHC program in Bauchi state, Nigeria. Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional survey research design. 20 development areas were studied and each of these wards had one PHC centre. The study consisted of two groups; a provider survey (health workers) and a household survey (community members). 317 questionnaires were administered, but only 312 were returned. A 25-item questionnaire had three sections: demographics, level of participation and acceptance. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21.0. A chi-squared test was used to determine the relationship between the levels of education and acceptance of community-based health education in primary health care at p < 0.05. Result: 136 (43.6%) were men, while 176 (56.4%) were women. The age distribution indicates that the majority of the study respondents were within the age range of 25‒41, n = 181 (58.0%). There was no relationship between the age of the study participants and their level of participation in CBHED in PHC (p < 0.005). There was no relationship between the source of information and participation in PHC (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a need to also extend the CBHED approach to other health-related services which would target community-level implementation.Uvod: Primarna zdravstvena zaštita (PHC) temelji se na praktičnim, znanstveno dokazanim i društveno prihvatljivim metodama koje su univerzalno dostupne pojedincima i obiteljima u zajednici. Cilj: Odrediti utjecaj zdravstvenog obrazovanja u zajednici (CBHED) u sklopu provedbe programa PHC-a u saveznoj državi Bauchi, Nigerija. Metodologija: Provedeno je transverzalno anketno istraživanje. Istraženo je 20 razvojnih područja, a u svakom od tih područja nalazi se jedan centar za PHC. Istraživanje se provodilo u dvije skupine: anketirani su pružatelji usluge (zdravstveni radnici) i domaćinstva (članovi zajednice). Podijeljeno je 317 upitnika, a vraćeno ih je 312. Upitnik se sastojao od 25 pitanja podijeljenih u tri dijela: demografski podaci, razina sudjelovanja i prihvaćanje. Podaci su analizirani uporabom programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, verzija 21.0. Hi-kvadrat test primijenjen je za određivanje povezanosti između razine obrazovanja i prihvaćanja zdravstvenog obrazovanja u zajednici u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti uz p < 0,05. Rezultati: Ispitano je 136 (43,6 %) muškaraca i 176 (56,4 %) žena. Većina ispitanika u dobnom je rasponu od 25 do 41 godine, n = 181 (58,0 %). Nema povezanosti između dobi sudionika istraživanja i njihove razine sudjelovanja u zdravstvenom obrazovanju u zajednici u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti (P < 0,005). Nema povezanosti između izvora informacija i sudjelovanja u PHCu (p < 0,05). Nema povezanosti između dobi sudionika istraživanja i njihove razine sudjelovanja u zdravstvenom obrazovanju u zajednici u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti. Zaključak: Potreban je prošireni pristup CBHED-a na druge zdravstvene usluge koji bi bio usmjeren na provedbu na razini zajednice

Radiographic Room Design and Layout for Radiation Protection in Some Radio-Diagnostic Facilities in Katsina State, Nigeria.

Background:&nbsp;The radiographic room design and layout of the radio-diagnostic facilities involved in this study were converted from existing structures without the input the various professionals who use these facilities. &nbsp; Objective:&nbsp;The aim of the study was to assess the measures for radiation protection installed in the building design and the layout of some radio-diagnostic facilities in Katsina state. &nbsp; Methodology:&nbsp;The room dimensions, distances between the operator booth and the radiation source and between the operator booth and the cheststand were measured. Lead lining on doors and room walls, warning signs, warning lights and the use of personnel monitoring devices were also carefully checked. &nbsp; Result:&nbsp;X-ray room dimensions were 20m2, 38.5m2 and 12.8m2 for x-ray unit A, B and C, respectively. The distance from the operator to tube was 3.4m, 3.8m and 3.1m while that of operator to chest stand was 3.2m, 4.5m and 3.1m for x-ray unit A,B and C respectively. There were warning signs and lights in all the units. &nbsp; Conclusion:&nbsp;The use of radiation accessories and warning lights were satisfactory. Meanwhile, in order to ensure optimization of radiation protection, the various professionals such as radiographers, radiologists and medical physicists should, alongside the architect and engineers, play their role in the building design and the room layout of radio-diagnostic facilities. &nbsp; &nbsp

Organizational Architecture, Resilience, and Cyberattacks

This study develops a unique model of organizational resilience architecture with an emphasis on the ways in which organizations respond to cyber-attacks. The model elucidates the dynamics and approaches through which organizations mobilize and utilize expertise and resources to combat the effects of cyber-attackson normal business operations. Drawing on recent cases of cyber-attacks against organizations, the study identifies a host of strategic and tactical responses victims usedto aid recoveryand return to daily activities. The responses are grouped into three stages to demonstrate the steps that organizations can take to enhance their resilience: Stage 1 focuses on proactive environmental scanning and locating potential threatsand attacks, Stage 2 emphasizes neutralizing threats and attacks,and Stage 3 focuses on re-designing, upgrading and updating human, technological and financial resources. On this basis, the study sheds light on levels of organizational resilience and strategies for organizational design in withstanding cyber-attacks and security breaches. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed

Accessibility of Maternal Healthcare by Migrant Female Headporters in Accra

Accessibility to basic services such as healthcare across Socio-economic groups such as the migrant female head porters (kayayei) in the Greater Accra Region has remained an issue of concern, as public policy on health has not addressed the maternal health of the kayayei. This study was therefore done so as, to unveil the challenges that the kayayei encounter in the process of trying to seek maternal healthcare. Mixed methods were employed in the study in order to cross validate the information on the questionnaire and in-depth interviews. The research found that factors affecting accessibility of Maternal Health services by the Kayayei are geographical accessibility, financial accessibility, acceptability, constant shortage of medicines in the hospitals and many others. The results show that though there is general awareness, the above factors limited the maternal kayayei from accessing healthcare services. It was therefore suggested that government should increase the number of health facilities as well as strengthen the National Health Insurance Scheme so as to increase access to healthcare by this vulnerable and poor group of people. Keywords: Maternal Healthcare; Migrant female head porters; Accessibility; Living condition

HUBUNGAN ANTARA UKURAN TUBUH DAN SIKAP KERJA DENGAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL PADA PETANI PENGUPAS KELAPA DI KELURAHAN GUNUNG WOKA KECAMATAN LEMBEH UTARA KOTA BITUNG

Keluhan muskuloskeletal dirasakan mulai dari keluhan ringan sampai dengan keluhan berat yang dikarenakan bekerja secara berulang dalam waktu yang lama. Sikap kerja tidak alamiah seperti;pergerakan tangan terangkat, punggung terlalu membungkuk dan kepala terangkat dapat menyebabkan keluhan sistem muskuloskeletal.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara ukuran tubuh dan sikap kerja dengan keluhan MSDs. Dilakukan dengan penelitian survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pelaksanaan Penelitian di Kelurahan Gunung Woka Kecamatan Lembeh Utara Kota Bitung, dari bulan September sampai Desember 2019. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 68 responden. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map dan pengukuran menggunakan Metode The Rapid Entire Body Assessment, timbangan berat badan dan microtoise. dengan mengunakan uji korelasi spearman. Hasil uji statistik antara ukuran tubuh dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan dengan nilai p = 0,525 dan nilai r =0,097, dan ada hubungan antara sikap kerja dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal dengan nilai r = 0,388 dan  p = 0,008 yang memiliki hubungan keeratan searah dan lemah. Kata kunci: Keluhan Muskuloskeletal, Ukuran Tubuh, Sikap Kerja ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal complaints are felt ranging from minor complaints to serious complaints due to repeated work for a long time. Unnatural work attitudes such as; hand movements raised, back bent too much and head raised can cause complaints of the musculoskeletal system. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between body size and work attitude with MSDs complaints. Conducted by analytic survey research with a cross sectional approach. Research implementation in Gunung Woka Village, Lembeh Utara District, Bitung City, from September to December 2019. The research sample was 68 respondents. Collecting data through interviews using a Nordic Body Map questionnaire and measurement using The Rapid Entire Body Assessment Method, weight scales and microtoise. by using the Spearman correlation test. The results of statistical tests between body size and musculoskeletal complaints showed that there was no relationship with p = 0.525 and r = 0.097, and there was a relationship between work attitude and musculoskeletal complaints with a value of r = 0.388 and p = 0.008 which had a unidirectional and weak relationship. Keywords: Musculoskeletal Complaints, Body Size, Work Attitud