The involvement of GSK3β for glycogen synthesis throughout the annual cycle of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Magallana gigas)

Crassostrea gigas is a frequently studied species in understanding physiological processes in bivalves. Similar to other animals, oysters store glucose in the body as glycogen. Glycogen is known to supply energy for germ cell development and maintenance. Glycogen is synthesized by glycogen synthase. GSK3β regulates glycogen synthase activity and plays an important role in glycogen synthesis. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of GSK3β on the annual cycle of oysters and the glycogen synthesis pathway and to investigate the energy pathway in comparison with seasonal variation. Oysters were sampled monthly for one year and were subjected to glycogen content, RT-PCR, FISH, and western blot analysis. The year-round glycogen content significantly differs only in the mantle edge during spring and summer of both sexes but not in labial palp, digestive gland, gonad, and adductor muscle. The expression of GSK3β mRNA level was highest in October for females and April for males. Both sexes had the lowest expression in July. In the adductor muscle, females and males showed the highest expression in April and the lowest in July and October. The pattern of GSK3β expression in gonads and adductor muscle was similarly confirmed through FISH. As a result of examining the signaling system, p-GSK3β (serine 9) increased. At the same time, glycogen synthase decreased in May when the condition index was the highest, p-GSK3β decreased in October and July when spawning occurred, and glycogen synthase increased. Overall, it is thought that p-GSK3β expression is high in C. gigas at ripe, which inhibits glycogen synthesis and is used as energy for growth and maturation. Glycogen synthesis occurs for energy storage during degeneration

Intervencion de la Defensoria del Pueblo y el derecho a la prestacion de salud publica en el Modulo Defensorial Satipo-2021

La presente tesis responde al problema de investigación que parte la siguiente interrogante: ¿De qué manera la intervención de la Defensoría del Pueblo influye en garantizar el Derecho a la Prestación de la Salud Publica en el Modulo Defensorial Satipo-2020? El objetivo general fue: Establecer de qué manera la intervención de la Defensoría del Pueblo influye en garantizar el Derecho a la Prestación de la Salud Publica en el Modulo Defensorial Satipo-2020; La Investigación se ubica dentro del método general deductivo – inductivo, tipo de investigación: Básico; en el Nivel: descriptivo - explicativo; diseño no experimental Transeccional, La población en estudio estuvo constituida por 55 por profesionales con conomientos especializados en derecho constitucional y concexo con el area materia de investigacion con una muestra de 20 profesionales, habiendo aplicado el tipo de muestreo probabilístico simple, para la recolección de información se utilizó, la técnica de la encuesta; el instrumento utilizado para la medición de las variables fue validados por 3 abogados expertos en derecho constitucional y conexos, quienes realizaron la evaluación correspondiente

LayoutDETR: Detection Transformer Is a Good Multimodal Layout Designer

Graphic layout designs play an essential role in visual communication. Yet handcrafting layout designs is skill-demanding, time-consuming, and non-scalable to batch production. Generative models emerge to make design automation scalable but it remains non-trivial to produce designs that comply with designers' multimodal desires, i.e., constrained by background images and driven by foreground content. We propose LayoutDETR that inherits the high quality and realism from generative modeling, while reformulating content-aware requirements as a detection problem: we learn to detect in a background image the reasonable locations, scales, and spatial relations for multimodal foreground elements in a layout. Our solution sets a new state-of-the-art performance for layout generation on public benchmarks and on our newly-curated ad banner dataset. We integrate our solution into a graphical system that facilitates user studies, and show that users prefer our designs over baselines by significant margins. Our code, models, dataset, graphical system, and demos are available at https://github.com/salesforce/LayoutDETR

Influence of participant and reviewer characteristics in application scores for a hematology research training program

The American Society of Hematology Clinical Research Training Institute (CRTI) is a clinical research training program with a competitive application process. The objectives were to compare application scores based on applicant and reviewer sex and underrepresented minority (URM) status. We included applications to CRTI from 2003 to 2019. The application scores were transformed into a scale from 0 to 100 (100 was the strongest). The factors considered were applicant and reviewer sex and URM status. We evaluated whether there was an interaction between the characteristics and time related to application scores. In total, 713 applicants and 2106 reviews were included. There was no significant difference in scores according to applicant sex. URM applicants had significantly worse scores than non-URM applicants (mean [standard error] 67.9 [1.56] vs 71.4 [0.63]; P = .0355). There were significant interactions between reviewer sex and time (P = .0030) and reviewer URM status and time (P = .0424); thus, results were stratified by time. For the 2 earlier time periods, male reviewers gave significantly worse scores than did female reviewers; this difference did not persist for the most recent time period. The URM reviewers did not give significantly different scores across time periods. URM applicants received significantly lower scores than non-URM applicants. The impact of reviewer sex and URM status changed over time. Although male reviewers gave lower scores in the early periods, this effect did not persist in the late period. Efforts are required to mitigate the impact of applicant URM status on application scores

Corner wetting in a far-from-equilibrium magnetic growth model

The irreversible growth of magnetic films is studied in three-dimensional confined geometries of size $L\times L\times M$, where $M\gg L$ is the growing direction. Competing surface magnetic fields, applied to opposite corners of the growing system, lead to the observation of a localization-delocalization (weakly rounded) transition of the interface between domains of up and down spins on the planes transverse to the growing direction. This effective transition is the precursor of a true far-from-equilibrium corner wetting transition that takes place in the thermodynamic limit. The phenomenon is characterized quantitatively by drawing a magnetic field-temperature phase diagram, firstly for a confined sample of finite size, and then by extrapolating results, obtained with samples of different size, to the thermodynamic limit. The results of this work are a nonequilibrium realization of analogous phenomena recently investigated in equilibrium systems, such as corner wetting transitions in the Ising model.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures. EPJ styl

Diseño de un mini acueducto por bombeo eléctrico y saneamiento básico rural en la comunidad Jocote Arriba del municipio de Condega, departamento de Estelí

En el estudio se propuso el diseño de un mini acueducto por bombeo eléctrico (MABE) el cual lleva el nombre de “Diseño de un mini acueducto por bombeo eléctrico y saneamiento básico rural en la comunidad Jocote arriba del municipio de Condega, departamento de Estelí” para poder dar solución a este problema y garantizar a los habitantes un servicio de agua potable constante, el sistema cuenta con una fuente de abastecimiento que es un pozo perforado con un rendimiento de 48 gpm suficiente para garantizar los consumos diarios, una línea de conducción de 806.68 metros, una red de distribución de 3230.77 metros y un tanque de almacenamiento de 18 metros cúbicos, la configuración del sistema es la siguiente; Fuente-Tanque-Red

Salesforce CausalAI Library: A Fast and Scalable Framework for Causal Analysis of Time Series and Tabular Data

We introduce the Salesforce CausalAI Library, an open-source library for causal analysis using observational data. It supports causal discovery and causal inference for tabular and time series data, of both discrete and continuous types. This library includes algorithms that handle linear and non-linear causal relationships between variables, and uses multi-processing for speed-up. We also include a data generator capable of generating synthetic data with specified structural equation model for both the aforementioned data formats and types, that helps users control the ground-truth causal process while investigating various algorithms. Finally, we provide a user interface (UI) that allows users to perform causal analysis on data without coding. The goal of this library is to provide a fast and flexible solution for a variety of problems in the domain of causality. This technical report describes the Salesforce CausalAI API along with its capabilities, the implementations of the supported algorithms, and experiments demonstrating their performance and speed. Our library is available at \url{https://github.com/salesforce/causalai}

Insights into the mechanism of coreactant electrochemiluminescence facilitating enhanced bioanalytical performance

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a powerful transduction technique with a leading role in the biosensing field due to its high sensitivity and low background signal. Although the intrinsic analytical strength of ECL depends critically on the overall efficiency of the mechanisms of its generation, studies aimed at enhancing the ECL signal have mostly focused on the investigation of materials, either luminophores or coreactants, while fundamental mechanistic studies are relatively scarce. Here, we discover an unexpected but highly efficient mechanistic path for ECL generation close to the electrode surface (signal enhancement, 128%) using an innovative combination of ECL imaging techniques and electrochemical mapping of radical generation. Our findings, which are also supported by quantum chemical calculations\ua0and spin trapping methods, led to the identification of a family of alternative branched amine coreactants, which raises the analytical strength of ECL well beyond that of present state-of-the-art immunoassays, thus creating potential ECL applications in ultrasensitive bioanalysis