Beiträge zur Geschichte des Landkreises Regensburg 30

Marginalien von 14 Autoren; darin: Hecht, Otto: Die Altstraße Regensburg-Landshut (auf dem Gebiet des Landkreises ) (S.2); Hecht, Otto: Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung des Bäumel-Hofes in Obertraubling (S. 5); Böck, Emmi / Herzog, Hans / Doerfler, Heinrich: Drei Sagen bzw. Sagengestalten aus dem Regensburger Süden (S. 6); Motyka, Gustl: Mittelalterliches Geleit von Hemau nach Regensburg (S. 9); Strehler, Heinz: Haus Nr. 21 in Matting - eines der ältesten Häuser Bayerns (S. 10); Zink, Wendelin: Die Wasserburg Haidau vor 200 Jahren (S. 11); Färber, Konrad M.: Ein Augenblick europäischer Geschichte (S. 12); Fendl, Josef: Fünf Säcke Brot für Tegernheim (S. 14); Bäumel, Xaver: Ein Lehrer der "schlechtesten Schule im ganzen Königreich" (S. 18); Rösch, Georg: 600 Jahre Hofgeschichte Kleinkiefenholz (S. 22); Deininger, Leonhard: Mit 3,3 Millionen nachts unterwegs (S. 24); Zausinger, Ludwig: Ein Nachtrag zum Heimatbuch "Thalmassing" (S. 26); Forster, Fritz: Beim Korea-Wirt (S. 28); Fendl, Josef: Neutraubling - Choppertown (S. 20

No Association Between Vitamin D Status and Risk of Barrett's Esophagus or Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Epidemiology studies of circulating concentrations of 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) have produced conflicting results. We conducted a Mendelian randomization study to determine the associations between circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and risks of EAC and its precursor, Barrett's esophagus (BE). METHODS: We conducted a Mendelian randomization study using a 2-sample (summary data) approach. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs3755967, rs10741657, rs12785878, rs10745742, rs8018720, and rs17216707) associated with circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D were used as instrumental variables. We collected data from 6167 patients with BE, 4112 patients with EAC, and 17,159 individuals without BE or EAC (controls) participating in the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium, as well as studies from Bonn, Germany, and Cambridge and Oxford, United Kingdom. Analyses were performed separately for BE and EAC. RESULTS: Overall, we found no evidence for an association between genetically estimated 25(OH)D concentration and risk of BE or EAC. The odds ratio per 20 nmol/L increase in genetically estimated 25(OH)D concentration for BE risk estimated by combining the individual SNP association using inverse variance weighting was 1.21 (95% CI, 0.77-1.92; P = .41). The odds ratio for EAC risk, estimated by combining the individual SNP association using inverse variance weighting, was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.39-1.19; P = .18). CONCLUSIONS: In a Mendelian randomization study, we found that low genetically estimated 25(OH)D concentrations were not associated with risk of BE or EAC

Genome-wide association studies in oesophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's oesophagus: a large-scale meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Oesophageal adenocarcinoma represents one of the fastest rising cancers in high-income countries. Barrett's oesophagus is the premalignant precursor of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. However, only a few patients with Barrett's oesophagus develop adenocarcinoma, which complicates clinical management in the absence of valid predictors. Within an international consortium investigating the genetics of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, we aimed to identify novel genetic risk variants for the development of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We did a meta-analysis of all genome-wide association studies of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma available in PubMed up to Feb 29, 2016; all patients were of European ancestry and disease was confirmed histopathologically. All participants were from four separate studies within Europe, North America, and Australia and were genotyped on high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. Meta-analysis was done with a fixed-effects inverse variance-weighting approach and with a standard genome-wide significance threshold (p<5 × 10-8). We also did an association analysis after reweighting of loci with an approach that investigates annotation enrichment among genome-wide significant loci. Furthermore, the entire dataset was analysed with bioinformatics approaches-including functional annotation databases and gene-based and pathway-based methods-to identify pathophysiologically relevant cellular mechanisms. FINDINGS: Our sample comprised 6167 patients with Barrett's oesophagus and 4112 individuals with oesophageal adenocarcinoma, in addition to 17 159 representative controls from four genome-wide association studies in Europe, North America, and Australia. We identified eight new risk loci associated with either Barrett's oesophagus or oesophageal adenocarcinoma, within or near the genes CFTR (rs17451754; p=4·8 × 10-10), MSRA (rs17749155; p=5·2 × 10-10), LINC00208 and BLK (rs10108511; p=2·1 × 10-9), KHDRBS2 (rs62423175; p=3·0 × 10-9), TPPP and CEP72 (rs9918259; p=3·2 × 10-9), TMOD1 (rs7852462; p=1·5 × 10-8), SATB2 (rs139606545; p=2·0 × 10-8), and HTR3C and ABCC5 (rs9823696; p=1·6 × 10-8). The locus identified near HTR3C and ABCC5 (rs9823696) was associated specifically with oesophageal adenocarcinoma (p=1·6 × 10-8) and was independent of Barrett's oesophagus development (p=0·45). A ninth novel risk locus was identified within the gene LPA (rs12207195; posterior probability 0·925) after reweighting with significantly enriched annotations. The strongest disease pathways identified (p<10-6) belonged to muscle cell differentiation and to mesenchyme development and differentiation. INTERPRETATION: Our meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies doubled the number of known risk loci for Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma and revealed new insights into causes of these diseases. Furthermore, the specific association between oesophageal adenocarcinoma and the locus near HTR3C and ABCC5 might constitute a novel genetic marker for prediction of the transition from Barrett's oesophagus to oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Fine-mapping and functional studies of new risk loci could lead to identification of key molecules in the development of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, which might encourage development of advanced prevention and intervention strategies. FUNDING: US National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, Swedish Cancer Society, Medical Research Council UK, Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung, Wellcome Trust, Cancer Research UK, AstraZeneca UK, University Hospitals of Leicester, University of Oxford, Australian Research Council

Ureteroureterostomy in patients with duplex malformations: does a large diameter of the donor ureter affect the outcome?

Introduction Ureteroureterostomy is a commonly adopted, minimally invasive approach in the management of duplex anomalies requiring diversion, e.g., ectopic upper pole ureters. Objective The authors hypothesized that a large diameter of the donor ureter could affect the outcome of this procedure. Study design Forty-two patients from two centers were retrospectively reviewed. To compare patients with small (group 1) vs large donor ureters (group 2), they were split at the median of the sonographically measured diameter at the level of the future anastomosis (n = 20 = 1.2 cm, mean 1.75 cm; P = 1.2 cm is not factoring adversely into the occurrence of postoperative complications. Conclusion A donor ureter diameter >= 1.2 cm in ureteroureterostomy was not associated with a higher complication rate or worse outcome considering further fUTIs or reoperations. The postoperative reduction in hydronephrosis grade was more pronounced in patients with large donor ureters with disappearance of the preoperative significant difference between the two groups

Percutaneous autologous venous valve transplantation: short-term feasibility study in an ovine model

BACKGROUND: Limited experience with bioprosthetic venous valve percutaneously inserted into femoral veins in 15 patients has been promising in short-term results only to show disappointing long-term results. Percutaneous autogenous venous valve (PAVV) transplantation was explored in an ovine model as a possible alternative treatment. METHODS: PAVV consisted of a vein segment containing a valve that was attached to a stent template. The stent templates (n = 9) were designed and hand made in our research laboratory. They consist of two stainless steel square stents 13 or 15 mm in diameter to fit the ovine jugular veins (JV), which ranges from 10 to 15 mm in diameter. A valve-containing segment of JV was harvested and attached with sutures and barbs inside the stent template (n = 9). The valve devices were then manually folded and front loaded inside the 4 cm chamber of the 13F delivery sheath and delivered into the contralateral JV by femoral vein approach. Transplanted PAVVs were studied by immediate and 3 months venograms. Animals were euthanized at 3 months, and jugular veins harvested to perform angioscopic evaluations in vitro. RESULTS: PAVV transplantation was successful in all nine animals. Good valve function with no reflux was observed on immediate and 3 months venograms in eight valves. The transplanted maximal JV diameter ranged from 10.2 mm to 15.4 mm (mean 13.1 +/- 1.5 mm). Venoscopic examination revealed intact, flexible, nonthickened valve leaflets in eight specimens. One PAVV exhibited normal function of one leaflet only; the other cusp was accidentally cut during the transplantation procedure. All transplanted autologous valves were free of thrombus and incorporated into the vein wall of the host vessel. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that autogenous valve transplants remained patent and competent without long-term anticoagulation for up to 3 months. The percutaneous autogenous venous valve may provide in future minimally invasive treatment for patients with chronic deep venous insufficiency, but long-term studies need to be done to document its continued patency and function

Percutaneous technique for creation of tricuspid regurgitation in an ovine model

Experimental models of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) are needed to study the percutaneous placement of prosthetic atrioventricular valves. The purpose of this study was to develop an appropriate simple and reproducible percutaneous experimental model for creation of tricuspid regurgitation. Tricuspid regurgitation was successfully created through papillary muscle avulsion using a guide-wire loop in seven sheep with regurgitation documented on right ventricular angiograms and a significant increase in heart rate and right atrial pressures. Acute onset of tricuspid regurgitation was poorly tolerated in one animal that died. Autopsy examinations showed avulsion of one papillary muscle in four animals and two papillary muscles in three animals