Intestinal Ostomy Complications and Care

The management of patients submitted to intestinal stomas (ileostomy or colostomy) and description of the routine care and main complications are the scope of the chapter. The impact of the stoma on patients’ daily life with a functional list of capabilities they can exert with security and illustrations of the commonest drawbacks are also discussed. A series of pictures showing the most commonly occurring complications depicted in the section Problems and complications help to a better understanding of the author’s intended message. Finally in the “References” topic, it was tried to cite society-based guidelines and review papers concerning ostomy care and complications

Laparoscopic hepatectomy with radiofrequency device

As ressecções hepáticas laparoscópicas vêm ganhando adeptos entre cirurgiões pois evidenciam recuperação rápida, menor permanência hospitalar e melhor resultado estético. A utilização do dispositivo laparoscópico de radiofreqüência foi pela primeira vez utilizada, com sucesso, no Brasil, para a ressecção de carcinoma hepatocelular no segmento VI, em dois pacientes cirróticos. Apesar do sangramento intraoperatório continuar sendo um grande desafio para o cirurgião durante ressecções hepáticas laparoscópicas, em ambos os casos, a exclusão vascular hepática foi dispensável e não houve necessidade de hemotransfusão. Os pacientes receberam alta hospitalar no quarto dia pós-operatório

Trabalho Docente no Contexto da Expansão Universitária

As reformas neoliberais promoveram transformações no ensino superior. Nesse contexto, diversas instituições aderiram ao Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI). Isto, contudo, se deu sem as contrapartidas necessárias. O propósito da investigação, assim, foi compreender os impedimentos ao poder de agir de docentes que atuavam em um campus estruturado a partir do REUNI. Adotou-se o referencial da Clínica da Atividade. Participaram do estudo três docentes, duas mulheres e um homem, que atuavam em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação. Em uma perspectiva histórico-desenvolvimentista, foram realizadas entrevistas a partir de imagens que representavam elementos do contexto laboral. Utilizou-se análise construtivo-interpretativa. Dentre os resultados, viu-se intensificação do trabalho promovida pela atuação em cursos de pós-graduação e por atividades invisibilizadas; desprofissionalização associada ao desempenho de atividades alheias ao fazer docente; estrutura física inadequada; carga de trabalho elevada; pressões para o cumprimento de prazos; uso do espaço doméstico para o trabalho; e invasão do tempo livre. Os achados podem nortear ações de promoção da saúde docente e dar balizas para a discussão sobre as melhorias dos contextos de trabalho

2 nd Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease, 2015

Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. It has considerable psychological, social, and economic impacts. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns. This document presents the evidence that resulted in the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease. The objective was to review and standardize strategies for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of Chagas disease in the country, based on the available scientific evidence. The consensus is based on the articulation and strategic contribution of renowned Brazilian experts with knowledge and experience on various aspects of the disease. It is the result of a close collaboration between the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine and the Ministry of Health. It is hoped that this document will strengthen the development of integrated actions against Chagas disease in the country, focusing on epidemiology, management, comprehensive care (including families and communities), communication, information, education, and research

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio