Confort térmico y ahorro energético en vivienda de Monterrey, Nuevo León

Este trabajo analiza cómo mejorar el confort térmico al interior de la vivienda de Monterrey, N.L., y reducir el consumo eléctrico de los equipos de climatización mediante un sistema conformado por el diseño arquitectónico y las tecnologías pasivas de la arquitectura vernácula norestense, las tecnologías activas y las energías renovables. En la actualidad las condiciones climáticas del noreste del país son extremas durante la temporada de verano como la invernal. Retomando estrategias de la arquitectura vernácula de la región y trayéndolas a la contemporaneidad, se busca cuales fomentan el confort térmico dentro de la vivienda y así lograr en paralelo un ahorro económico derivado del consumo de energía eléctrica de los equipos de climatización. Se analiza tanto la vivienda ya construida como la vivienda nueva. La metodología que se utiliza es la revisión documental, la entrevista semiestructurada y la observación directa para recopilar información pertinente. Posteriormente mediante el uso de simulaciones energéticas de edificios se analiza cual es el comportamiento de estas estrategias que puedan fomentar un mejor desempeño térmico de la vivienda. El consumo de energía eléctrica restante será suministrado por fuentes de energía limpia renovable. La propuesta generada busca la sustentabilidad ambiental, económica y social de la vivienda regiomontana.ITESO, A.C

A visual embedding for the unsupervised extraction of abstract semantics

Vector-space word representations obtained from neural network models have been shown to enable semantic operations based on vector arithmetic. In this paper, we explore the existence of similar information on vector representations of images. For that purpose we define a methodology to obtain large, sparse vector representations of image classes, and generate vectors through the state-of-the-art deep learning architecture GoogLeNet for 20 K images obtained from ImageNet. We first evaluate the resultant vector-space semantics through its correlation with WordNet distances, and find vector distances to be strongly correlated with linguistic semantics. We then explore the location of images within the vector space, finding elements close in WordNet to be clustered together, regardless of significant visual variances (e.g., 118 dog types). More surprisingly, we find that the space unsupervisedly separates complex classes without prior knowledge (e.g., living things). Afterwards, we consider vector arithmetics. Although we are unable to obtain meaningful results on this regard, we discuss the various problem we encountered, and how we consider to solve them. Finally, we discuss the impact of our research for cognitive systems, focusing on the role of the architecture being used.This work is partially supported by the Joint Study Agreement no. W156463 under the IBM/BSC Deep Learning Center agreement, by the Spanish Government through Programa Severo Ochoa (SEV-2015-0493), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology through TIN2015-65316-P project and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (contracts 2014-SGR-1051), and by the Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program of Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Some applications of quasi-velocities in optimal control

In this paper we study optimal control problems for nonholonomic systems defined on Lie algebroids by using quasi-velocities. We consider both kinematic, i.e. systems whose cost functional depends only on position and velocities, and dynamic optimal control problems, i.e. systems whose cost functional depends also on accelerations. The formulation of the problem directly at the level of Lie algebroids turns out to be the correct framework to explain in detail similar results appeared recently (Maruskin and Bloch, 2007). We also provide several examples to illustrate our construction.Comment: Revtex 4.1, 20 pages. To appear in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Modern Physic

Integration of occupational risk prevention courses in engineering degrees: Delphi study

Engineering syllabi often lack courses covering occupational risk prevention. In Spain, professional competences are awarded along with the completion of a university degree. This means that new graduates are certified in areas in which they have received little or no training, such as occupational risk prevention. However, the academic reforms established by the Bologna Process, which strives to homogenize university degrees throughout Europe, compels European universities to design new syllabi. The main goal of this paper is to define a framework for including occupational risk-prevention education in the new engineering syllabi. This exploratory research applied the Delphi methodology to a panel of 59 experts, using questionnaires assessed with a four-point Likert scale through two rounds. A website supported the information flow. According to the experts who participated in this study, education and training in occupational risk-prevention is essential for improving the safety culture within a company or workplace. The experts concurred that this subject should be a separate mandatory course in all engineering degree programs. The participants recommended that an optional course should be considered only if a mandatory course is not approved. It was also deemed desirable to integrate occupational risk prevention as a cross-field subject in other technological courses, even if the curriculum already includes some related courses. © 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.Cortés Díaz, JM.; Pellicer Armiñana, E.; Catalá Alís, J. (2012). Integration of occupational risk prevention courses in engineering degrees: Delphi study. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice. 138(1):31-36. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)EI.1943-5541.0000076S3136138

Tendinitis aquílea en el anciano

IntroducciónLas quinolonas son un grupo de agentes antibacterianos sintéticos relacionados estructuralmente con el ácido nalidíxico1. Atendiendo al espectro antibacteriano se clasifican en quinolonas no fluoradas o de primera generación (ácidos nalidíxicos, pipemídico y oxolínico), que tienen un espectro limitado y no alcanzan niveles sistémicos eficaces; fluoroquinolonas de segunda generación (ciprofloxacino, norfloxacino, ofloxacino y perfloxacino), con gran potencia frente a gramnegativos incluidas Pseudomonas, y fluoroquinolonas de tercera generación (levofloxacino y moxifloxacino), con actividad frente a microorganismos grampositivoso y gramnegativos y atípicos. Entre las precauciones que se deben tener en cuenta al prescribir este grupo terapéutico están el evitar la exposición solar prolongada por la fototoxicidad que ocasionan y restringir su uso en niños y adolescentes por la afección del cartílago de crecimiento2.Caso clínicoVarón de 74 años que acudió a nuestra consulta al presentar de forma brusca dificultad a la deambulación por dolor en el pie izquierdo de 48 h de evolución que posteriormente se hizo bilateral. No refería ningún sobreesfuerzo físico ni traumatismo directo y no mejoró tras la toma de antiinflamatorios. En la exploración física no se observaba deformidad, hematoma ni inflamación en ambos tobillos, y destacaba el dolor selectivo en ambos tendons aquíleos, así como la limitación de la flexión dorsal del pie. Al repasar la historia clínica se comprobó que se trataba de un paciente alérgico a las penicilinas y asmático en tratamiento habitual con una inhalación cada 12 h de salmeterol 50 μg/fluticasona 250 μg, y que en ocasiones había necesitado pautas de corticoides por vía oral. Había sido tratado hacía 4 días por una reagudización asmática leve secundaria a una bronquitis aguda, para cuyo tratamiento se aconsejó doblar la dosis de los broncodilatodores y añadir moxifloxacino 400mg/24 h/5 días. Ante la sospecha de una reacción adversa medicamentosa secambió la antibioterapia, y desde entonces el paciente notó una mejoría progresiva de su cuadro clínico. El hecho se notificó al Centro de Farmacovigilancia.Discusión y conclusionesLa tendinitis se considera un efecto adverso poco frecuente del grupo de las quinolonas que puede ocasionar rotura del tendón en el 31% de los casos. El tendón de Aquiles es el más afectado y hasta en un 50% de los casos la afección es bilateral3. La sintomatología aparece dentro de las primeras 2 semanas de tratamiento y cede espontáneamente al retirar la medicación, aunque hasta en un 11% de los pacientes puede persistir 2 meses después. Un número importante de pacientes suele ser anciano y/o recibe tratamiento con corticoides4

An Experiment to Test URL Features for Web Page Classification

Web page classification has been extensively researched, using different types of features that are extracted either from the page content, the page structure or from other pages that link to that page. Using features from the page itself implies having to download it before its classification. We present an experiment to proof that URL tokens contain information enough to extract features to classify web pages. A classifier based on these features is able to classify a web page without having to download it previously, avoiding unnecessary downloads.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2007-64119Junta de Andalucía P07-TIC-2602Junta de Andalucía P08- TIC-4100Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2010-09809-EMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2010-21744Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2008-04718-EMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2010-10811-EMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2010-09988-

Changes produced by the application of biostimulants on almond rootstocks properties during the nursery process

[EN] During the last ten years we have assisted to the consolidation of the almond crop that has remarkably increased its cultivation area causing a high demand for both plants and products related to growth stimulation. Accordingly, in the present work we aim to study the changes produced by the contribution of two biostimulants (humic and fulvic acids or aminoacids) on the properties of almond tree rootstocks. This kind of studies are of interest to the nursery cultivation industry where rapid growth of trees and good adaptation to their cultivation environment are required. Plants' radicular and vegetative systems responded differently according to the rootstock selection. The fastest and vigorous vegetative development was observed in GN rootstock whereas GF 677 showed the greatest number of main roots and RP-R of secondary roots. Differences on antioxidant activity and phenol content have also been found between rootstocks. All the tested samples were found to have a high antioxidant power and a high phenol content but GN stood out in this regard over the other rootstocks under study. The efficiency of the biostimulants applied has been verified. Both biostimulants promoted the development of the aerial part of the trees but biostimulant 2 did it to a greater extent. Biostimulant 1 was able to duplicate the number of main roots in RP-R and during the first year of study, biostimulant 2 originated an increase of the weight of the root system by 26.44% for RP-R, 16.93% for GF 677 and 48.00% for GN. In view of these results, synthetic chemical fertilizers can be at least partially replaced by biostimulants.Mondragón-Valero, A.; Malheiro, R.; Salazar Hernández, DM.; Pereira, JA.; López- Cortés, I. (2019). Changes produced by the application of biostimulants on almond rootstocks properties during the nursery process. Advances in Agriculture & Botanics (Online). 11(1):56-71. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/151095S567111

Performance of the reconstruction algorithms of the FIRST experiment pixel sensors vertex detector

Hadrontherapy treatments use charged particles (e.g. protons and carbon ions) to treat tumors. During a therapeutic treatment with carbon ions, the beam undergoes nuclear fragmentation processes giving rise to significant yields of secondary charged particles. An accurate prediction of these production rates is necessary to estimate precisely the dose deposited into the tumours and the surrounding healthy tissues. Nowadays, a limited set of double differential carbon fragmentation cross-section is available. Experimental data are necessary to benchmark Monte Carlo simulations for their use in hadrontherapy. The purpose of the FIRST experiment is to study nuclear fragmentation processes of ions with kinetic energy in the range from 100 to 1000 MeV/u. Tracks are reconstructed using information from a pixel silicon detector based on the CMOS technology. The performances achieved using this device for hadrontherapy purpose are discussed. For each reconstruction step (clustering, tracking and vertexing), different methods are implemented. The algorithm performances and the accuracy on reconstructed observables are evaluated on the basis of simulated and experimental data