Carcass characteristics of lambs kept on ryegrass pasture managed at different sward heights

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características de carcaça, de cordeiros mantidos em pastagem de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) manejada em diferentes alturas (5, 10, 15 e 20 cm), sob lotação contínua com carga variável, no período de agosto a novembro de 1999. Utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, e as variáveis estudadas foram submetidas à análise de regressão. Os pesos de abate, carcaça quente, filé mignon, paleta e costela diferiram entre os tratamentos e foram inferiores no tratamento relativo à altura de manejo de 5 cm, quando comparados aos tratamentos de 10, 15 e 20 cm, que não diferiram entre si. Não houve diferença entre tratamentos para os pesos de pernil e de carré. O rendimento de carcaça variou entre 42,8±0,29 e 44,1±0,32%. Todas as variáveis apresentaram relação quadrática com os tratamentos. O ganho médio diário influenciou diretamente o peso de abate que, por sua vez, correlacionou fortemente com o rendimento e o peso da carcaça. Os resultados mostram que os melhores rendimentos dos cortes comerciais de cordeiros são obtidos quando a pastagem de azevém é manejada no intervalo entre 12 e 14 cm de altura.The objective of this work was to evaluate the carcass characteristics of lambs maintained on ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures managed with different heights (5, 10, 15 and 20 cm), under continuous variable stocking, from August to November 1999. A randomized block design with three replicates was used. The slaughter weight, hot carcass, fillet, palette and rib weights were different among treatments, and those related to the height 5 cm were lower than the ones of 10, 15 and 20 cm, which were not different among them. There were no differences for hind leg and rib loin. Carcass yield ranged from 42.8±0.29 and 44.1±0.32%. All variables showed a quadratic relationship to treatments. The daily liveweight gain determined directly the liveweight at slaughter, the latter being strongly correlated to carcass yield and weight. Better yield of lamb carcass cuts were obtained when ryegrass was managed between 12 and 14 cm height

Cross-sectional analysis of students and school workers reveals a high number of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections during school reopening in Brazilian cities

Brazil experienced one of the most prolonged periods of school closures, and reopening could have exposed students to high rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the infection status of students and school workers at the time of the reopening of schools located in Brazilian cities is unknown. Here we evaluated viral carriage by RT-PCR and seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgM and IgG) by immunochromatography in 2259 individuals (1139 students and 1120 school workers) from 28 schools in 28 Brazilian cities. We collected the samples within 30 days after public schools reopened and before the start of vaccination campaigns. Most students (n = 421) and school workers (n = 446) had active (qRT-PCR + IgM− IgG− or qRT-PCR + IgM + IgG−/+) SARS-CoV-2 infection. Regression analysis indicated a strong association between the infection status of students and school workers. Furthermore, while 45% (n = 515) of the students and 37% (n = 415) of the school workers were neither antigen nor antibody positive in laboratory tests, 16% of the participants (169 students and 193 school workers) were oligosymptomatic, including those reinfected. These individuals presented mild symptoms such as headache, sore throat, and cough. Notably, most of the individuals were asymptomatic (83.9%). These results indicate that many SARS-CoV-2 infections in Brazilian cities during school reopening were asymptomatic. Thus, our study highlights the need to promote a coordinated public health effort to guarantee a safe educational environment while avoiding exacerbating pre-existent social inequalities in Brazil, reducing social, mental, and economic losses for students, school workers, and their families

Diretriz sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica – 2024

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of genetically caused heart muscle disease, characterized by the thickening of the ventricular walls. Diagnosis requires detection through imaging methods (Echocardiogram or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance) showing any segment of the left ventricular wall with a thickness > 15 mm, without any other probable cause. Genetic analysis allows the identification of mutations in genes encoding different structures of the sarcomere responsible for the development of HCM in about 60% of cases, enabling screening of family members and genetic counseling, as an important part of patient and family management. Several concepts about HCM have recently been reviewed, including its prevalence of 1 in 250 individuals, hence not a rare but rather underdiagnosed disease. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is the primary disorder responsible for symptoms, and its presence should be investigated in all cases. In those where resting echocardiogram or Valsalva maneuver does not detect significant intraventricular gradient (> 30 mmHg), they should undergo stress echocardiography to detect LVOT obstruction. Patients with limiting symptoms and severe LVOT obstruction, refractory to beta-blockers and verapamil, should receive septal reduction therapies or use new drugs inhibiting cardiac myosin. Finally, appropriately identified patients at increased risk of sudden death may receive prophylactic measure with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation.La miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) es una forma de enfermedad cardíaca de origen genético, caracterizada por el engrosamiento de las paredes ventriculares. El diagnóstico requiere la detección mediante métodos de imagen (Ecocardiograma o Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca) que muestren algún segmento de la pared ventricular izquierda con un grosor > 15 mm, sin otra causa probable. El análisis genético permite identificar mutaciones en genes que codifican diferentes estructuras del sarcómero responsables del desarrollo de la MCH en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos, lo que permite el tamizaje de familiares y el asesoramiento genético, como parte importante del manejo de pacientes y familiares. Varios conceptos sobre la MCH han sido revisados recientemente, incluida su prevalencia de 1 entre 250 individuos, por lo tanto, no es una enfermedad rara, sino subdiagnosticada. La gran mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. En los casos sintomáticos, la obstrucción del tracto de salida ventricular izquierdo (TSVI) es el trastorno principal responsable de los síntomas, y su presencia debe investigarse en todos los casos. En aquellos en los que el ecocardiograma en reposo o la maniobra de Valsalva no detecta un gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), deben someterse a ecocardiografía de esfuerzo para detectar la obstrucción del TSVI. Los pacientes con síntomas limitantes y obstrucción grave del TSVI, refractarios al uso de betabloqueantes y verapamilo, deben recibir terapias de reducción septal o usar nuevos medicamentos inhibidores de la miosina cardíaca. Finalmente, los pacientes adecuadamente identificados con un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita pueden recibir medidas profilácticas con el implante de un cardioversor-desfibrilador implantable (CDI).A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma forma de doença do músculo cardíaco de causa genética, caracterizada pela hipertrofia das paredes ventriculares. O diagnóstico requer detecção por métodos de imagem (Ecocardiograma ou Ressonância Magnética Cardíaca) de qualquer segmento da parede do ventrículo esquerdo com espessura > 15 mm, sem outra causa provável. A análise genética permite identificar mutações de genes codificantes de diferentes estruturas do sarcômero responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da CMH em cerca de 60% dos casos, permitindo o rastreio de familiares e aconselhamento genético, como parte importante do manejo dos pacientes e familiares. Vários conceitos sobre a CMH foram recentemente revistos, incluindo sua prevalência de 1 em 250 indivíduos, não sendo, portanto, uma doença rara, mas subdiagnosticada. A vasta maioria dos pacientes é assintomática. Naqueles sintomáticos, a obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (OTSVE) é o principal distúrbio responsável pelos sintomas, devendo-se investigar a sua presença em todos os casos. Naqueles em que o ecocardiograma em repouso ou com Manobra de Valsalva não detecta gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), devem ser submetidos à ecocardiografia com esforço físico para detecção da OTSVE.   Pacientes com sintomas limitantes e grave OTSVE, refratários ao uso de betabloqueadores e verapamil, devem receber terapias de redução septal ou uso de novas drogas inibidoras da miosina cardíaca. Por fim, os pacientes adequadamente identificados com risco aumentado de morta súbita podem receber medida profilática com implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI)

Gingival overgrowth in cyclosporine, tacrolimus, or sirolimus-based immunosuppressive regimens and the single nucleotide IL-6 (-174 G/C) gene polymorphism

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:53:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (Fapemig)Objective: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) may be involved in drug-induced gingival overgrowth (GO). The present study was conducted to assess the association between IL-6 (-174 G/C) gene polymorphism and GO in renal transplant recipients under cyclosporine (CsA), tacrolimus (Tcr), or sirolimus (Sir)-based regimens. Methods: Within an eligible population, 45 unrelated subjects were selected for each CsA, Tcr, and Sir group, totaling a sample of 135 subjects. GO was visually assessed and subjects were assigned as controls (non-responders) or cases (responders) in a post hoc definition. IL-6 gene polymorphism was assessed using the polymerase chain reaction amplification and digestion. The distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies in responders and non-responders were compared using the Chi-squared test. Results: The number of responders was 27 (60.0%), 13 (28.9%), and 7 (15.6%) in the CsA, Tcr, and Sir groups, respectively. No differences could be observed at frequencies of -174GG, -174CG, and -174CC genotypes when comparing responders to non-responders in the CsA, Tcr, and Sir groups. Similar to genotypes, allele frequencies showed no differences between responders and non-responders in all groups. Conclusions: No association between IL-6 (-174 G/C) gene polymorphism and gingival overgrowth was observed in renal transplant recipients under CsA, Tcr, or Sir-based immunosuppressive maintenance regimens. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.[Miranda Cota, Luis Otavio; Viana, Michelle Beatriz; Moreira, Paula Rocha; Gomez, Ricardo Santiago; Costa, Fernando Oliveira] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Dent Clin Oral Pathol & Oral Surg, Sch Dent, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil[Cortelli, Jose Roberto; Cortelli, Sheila Cavalca] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Dept Dent, Periodont Res Div, Sao Paulo, Brazi

Características de carcaça de cordeiros em pastagem de azevém manejada em diferentes alturas

The objective of this work was to evaluate the carcass characteristics of lambs maintained on ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures managed with different heights (5, 10, 15 and 20 cm), under continuous variable stocking, from August to November 1999. A randomized block design with three replicates was used. The slaughter weight, hot carcass, fillet, palette and rib weights were different among treatments, and those related to the height 5 cm were lower than the ones of 10, 15 and 20 cm, which were not different among them. There were no differences for hind leg and rib loin. Carcass yield ranged from 42.8 +/- 0.29 and 44.1 +/- 0.32%. All variables showed a quadratic relationship to treatments. The daily liveweight gain determined directly the liveweight at slaughter, the latter being strongly correlated to carcass yield and weight. Better yield of lamb carcass cuts were obtained when ryegrass was managed between 12 and 14 cm height