Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials: A literature review

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact are defined as oral-cavity eruptions with an identifiable etiology, and are clinically and histologically similar to oral lichen planus. Within this group are found oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials (OLLC), the most common being those related to silver amalgam. Currently, it remains difficult to diagnose these lesions due to the clinical and histopathological similarity with oral lichen planus and other oral mucosa lesions of lichenoid characteristics. In the present paper, we carry out an updated review of the tests for, and the different characteristics of OLLC, which may aid the diagnosis. For this review, we made searches in the Pubmed® and Cochrane® databases. Among the literature we found several published papers, from which we have used review papers, case papers, cohort studies, case and control studies, and a meta-analysis study. After carrying out this review, we can conclude that the diagnosis of these lesions is still difficult and controversial. However, there are different aspects in the clinical presentation, pathological study and results obtained when replacing suspect materials, which, when taken together, may be useful when establishing the final diagnosis of OLLC

Lesiones liquenoides orales asociadas a metales presentes en una prótesis parcial removible tipo esquelético: a propósito de un caso

Las reacciones alérgicas de contacto intraoral se atribuyen con frecuencia a materiales de uso odontológico. Aunque se consideran poco frecuentes, existen muchas publicaciones de reacciones a materiales de restauración, sobre todo a la amalgama. En cambio, resulta muy difícil encontrar referencias en la literatura de este tipo de reacciones a metales presentes en aleaciones metálicas de prótesis dentales. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 60 años que presenta lesiones de tipo liquenoide en paladar duro y en reborde alveolar, todas las lesiones se hallaban bajo la base de la prótesis. Se realiza una biopsia incisional y el estudio histopatológico mostró cambios compatibles con liquen plano oral. Las pruebas epicutáneas mostraron una sensibilización a cloruro de cobalto, amonio hexacloroplatinato y cloruro de aluminio. Como medidas terapéuticas se recomendó retirar la prótesis y recambiar las obturaciones de amalgama, consiguiendo una mejoría considerable en las lesiones y la sintomatología que presentaba la paciente.Intraoral contact allergy reactions often attributed to dental materials. Although appear to be less frequent, there are many published papers of reactions to dental restorative materials, mercury amalgam being the most common. However, it is very difficult to find references in the literature about these reactions to metals presents in metal alloys of dental prosthesis. We report a clinical case of a 60 year-old woman with oral lichenoid lesions located in hard palate and alveolar ridge, all lesions were located under the base of the prosthesis. Incisional biopsy was made and the histopathological study revealed changes compatible with oral lichen planus. The epicutaneous test showed a sensitivity to chloride of cobalt, ammonium hexacloroplatinato and chloride of aluminium. Treatment consisted of the removal the prosthesis and amalgam fillings, obtaining a considerable improvement in lesions and symptoms of patient

Chemiluminescence as a screening method in oral cancer

El cáncer oral es un problema de salud con el que nos enfrentamos todos los días en nuestras consultas. Los dentistas formamos la primera línea de defensa ante una patología que no ha presentado una mejora de los índices de mortalidad y morbilidad en las últimas décadas. La principal arma con la que contamos es la del diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad, y esto es mucho más complicado de lo que parece. Para ayudar a los dentistas en la visualización de lesiones de precáncer o cáncer temprano han aparecido algunas técnicas o dispositivos de screening de cáncer oral basadas en la interacción de los tejidos orales con la luz. La técnica más extendida y estudiada es la basada en la quimioluminiscencia, intentaremos poner en claro algunos aspectos analizando los estudios que hay en la literatura actual.Oral cancer is a health problem with which we face every day in our consultations. Dentists form the first line of defense against a disease that has not produced an improvement in mortality and morbidity in recent decades. The main weapon with which we have is the early diagnosis of the disease, and this is much more complicated than it seems. To assist dentists in the visualization of pre-cancer lesions or early cancer have appeared some techniques and devices for oral cancer screening based on interaction of the oral tissues with light. The most widely used and studied technique is based on the chemiluminescence. Above it has been much talk and try to clarify some aspects of the studies that are analyzing the current literature

Evaluation of the anti-angiogenic potential of hydroxytyrosol derivatives

Angiogenesis, a process which allows the formation of new vessels from pre-existing ones, is an essential phenomenon for tumor survival since it allows cancer cells to obtain nutrients and oxygen. This explains the increasing interest showed by many groups of research and pharmaceutical companies to find compounds with potential to disrupt at least one of the steps within the angiogenic process. Hydroxytyrosol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanol) has been identified as the most important health-related phenolic compound of virgin olive oil because of its pleiotropic effects on multiple targets. In 2012, our group identified hydroxytyrosol as an anti-angiogenic compound able to inhibit several key steps in the angiogenic process. In the present study, the potential effects of six hydroxytyrosol derivatives are tested and compared with those exhibited by hydroxytyrosol by making use of several in vitro and in vivo assays. Results indicate that these are candidate new anti-angiogenic compounds with potential utility in anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic therapies.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech [Our experimental work is supported by grants BIO2014-56092-R (MINECO and FEDER) and P12-CTS-1507 (Andalusian Government and FEDER) and funds from group BIO-267 (Andalusian Government). The "CIBER de Enfermedades Raras" is an initiative from the ISCIII (Spain)]. This communication has the support of a travel grant

La leucoplasia oral. Su implicación como lesión precancerosa

La leucoplasia es definida actualmente en base a un concepto esencialmente clínico. En este sentido, se propone un diagnóstico provisional de leucoplasia basado en criterios clínicos y un diagnóstico definitivo para el que se requiere la eliminación de los factores etiológicos y, ante lesiones persistentes, el examen histopatológico. La consideración de la leucoplasia como lesión precancerosa proviene esencialmente de los estudios de seguimiento en los que se constata su transformación maligna. Pese a que el diagnóstico de displasia es esencialmente subjetivo y a la existencia de algún trabajo reciente que no encuentra relación entre ésta y la evolución posterior de las leucoplasias, la presencia de displasia epitelial en el examen histológico se considera actualmente como el indicador más importante de una mayor probabilidad de transformación maligna de la leucoplasia. Entre otros factores relacionados con un peor pronóstico se consideran el que se trate de una leucoplasia idiopática, las formas clínicas no homogéneas, la localización en cara ventrolateral de la lengua y suelo de boca y un tamaño mayor de 1 centímetro.The current definition of leukoplakia is based on an essentially clinical concept. Therefore, both a provisional diagnosis of leukoplakia based on clinical criteria and a definite diagnosis for which etiological factors need to be eliminated and, should there be persistent lesions, a histological examination is required, are accepted. Follow up studies in which a malignant transformation has been observed have resulted in leukoplakia being considered as a precancerous disorder. Despite the fact that the diagnosis of dysplasia is subjective and certain recent studies have not found any association between this and the development of leukoplakia, the presence of epithelial dysplasia in the histological examination is currently considered to be the most important indicator of a higher possibility of malignant transformation of the leukoplakia. Among other factors that may indicate a worse prognosis are: if the leukoplakia is idiopathic, if clinical forms are non-homogenous, if it is located on the ventrolateral side of the tongue and the floor of the mouth, and if it is over 1 cm. (0.40 inches) in size

Poblamiento prehistórico en el valle del Tajo (área de Alconétar): técnicas de análisis geo-espacial y primeros resultados

Trabajo presentado al VI Encuentro de Arqueología del Suroeste Peninsular, celebrado en Villafranca de los Barros (Badajoz) del 4 al 6 de octubre de 2012.-- et al.[ES]: El estudio integral del paisaje del área de Alconétar (Cáceres) ha permitido obtener nuevos datos sobre la dinámica de ocupación durante la Prehistoria reciente de sector. Prospecciones y sondeos realizados en tres sectores aledaños a las márgenes del Tajo han servido para trazar una imagen integral de la evolución del paisaje, en el que se incluye el poblamiento, manifestaciones megalíticas y arte rupestre. Dentro del proyecto, las técnicas de análisis geo-espacial y la fotografía aérea han jugado un papel muy relevante a la hora de analizar la información arqueológica.[EN]: The landscape analysis of Alconetar’s area (Cáceres province, Spain) has allowed us to obtain new data about the settlement dynamics during Late Prehistory in this region. The recently conducted surveys and test pits have been useful to trace explain the landscape evolution in three different areas close to Tagus River margins, which include settlements, megalithic burials and rock-art. In this framework, the techniques of spatial analysis and aerial photograph have played a significant role in order to interpret the archaeological record.Este trabajo recoge de forma sintética la información presentada en dos posters durante el Encuentro, ambos dentro del marco del proyecto “La formación de un paisaje de paso: el Vado de Alconétar” (PRI09C058). Los trabajos que se desarrollan actualmente se financian gracias al proyecto: “Técnicas de prospección arqueológicas aplicadas al estudio del Neolítico en el área centro-occidental de la Península Ibérica”. (HAR2011-29907-C03-02).Peer Reviewe

Uso de FAO-56 y cintilómetro para estimar la evapotranspiración de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L.) y sus componentes: evaporación del suelo y transpiración de la planta

Estimar la evapotranspiración de los cultivos (ETc) es esencial para la planificación y manejo del agua en una zona agrícola, particularmente en las regiones áridas y semiáridas; la separación de ETc en la evaporación del suelo (E) y la transpiración de la planta (T) permitiría el uso de estrategias más eficientes de gestión del agua. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron estimar la evapotranspiración diaria de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L.) y sus componentes, utilizando los métodos FAO-56 con la aproximación del coeficiente dual de cultivo (Kc dual) y cintilómetro, así como, determinar los coeficientes de cultivo únicos (Kc) y basales (Kcb) para las diferentes etapas de desarrollo de sorgo. Los resultados demostraron que usar la aproximación del Kc dual permite una estimación razonable de ETc en comparación con los valores estimados utilizando el método del cintilómetro. La ETc estimada con ambos métodos fue 413.8 y 406.3 mm, respectivamente, lo que arrojó una sobreestimación del 1.8% para FAO-56. El error cuadrático medio (RMSE) entre ETc estimada fue 0.584 mm d-1 y el coeficiente de concordancia de Willmott (d) fue 0.91. La evaporación representa el 17.1% de ETc estimada con FAO-56 y el 21.6% con el método del cintilómetro; el RMSE entre los valores de E estimados con ambos métodos fue 0.397 mm d-1 y d = 0.94, mientras que, cuando se comparó T, el RMSE calculado fue 0.371 mm d-1 y d = 0.98. Los valores de Kc estimados con el método FAO-56 fueron 0.68, 1.06 y 0.4 para las etapas inicial, media y f inal del cultivo, mientras que con el cintilómetro los valores fueron 0.75, 0.94 y 0.41, respectivamente

Novel utility-scale photovoltaic plant electroluminescence maintenance technique by means of bidirectional power inverter controller

Producción CientíficaNowadays, photovoltaic (PV) silicon plants dominate the growth in renewable energies generation. Utility-scale photovoltaic plants (USPVPs) have increased exponentially in size and power in the last decade and, therefore, it is crucial to develop optimum maintenance techniques. One of the most promising maintenance techniques is the study of electroluminescence (EL) images as a complement of infrared thermography (IRT) analysis. However, its high cost has prevented its use regularly up to date. This paper proposes a maintenance methodology to perform on-site EL inspections as efficiently as possible. First, current USPVP characteristics and the requirements to apply EL on them are studied. Next, an increase over the automation level by means of adding automatic elements in the current PV plant design is studied. The new elements and their configuration are explained, and a control strategy for applying this technique on large photovoltaic plants is developed. With the aim of getting on-site EL images on a real plant, a PV inverter has been developed to validate the proposed methodology on a small-scale solar plant. Both the electrical parameters measured during the tests and the images taken have been analysed. Finally, the implementation cost of the solution has been calculated and optimised. The results conclude the technical viability to perform on-site EL inspections on PV plants without the need to measure and analyse the panel defects out of the PV installation.Ministerio de Industria, Economía y Competitividad (grant number RTC-2017-6712-3)Junta de Castilla y León (grant VA283P18

Strain Effects in Protonated Carbonyl Compounds. An Experimental and ab Initio Treatment of Acyclic Carboxamides and Ketones

Strain effects have been quantitatively evaluated for a set of 22 compounds including ketones (R2CO), carboxamides (RCONH2), and N,N-dimethylcarboxamides (RCONMe2), where R = Me, Et, i-Pr, t-Bu, 1-adamantyl (1-Ad), in their neutral and protonated forms. To this end, use was made of the gas-phase proton affinities and standard enthalpies of formation of these compounds in the gas phase, as determined by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT ICR) and thermochemical techniques, respectively. The structures of 1-AdCOMe and (1-Ad)2CO were determined by X-ray crystallography. Quantum-mechanical calculations, at levels ranging from AM1 to MP2/6-311+G(d,p)//6-31G(d), were performed on the various neutral and protonated species. Constrained space orbital variation (CSOV) calculations were carried out on selected protonated species to further assess the contributions of the various stabilizing factors. Taking neutral and protonated methyl ketones as references, we constructed isodesmic reactions that provided, seemingly for the first time, quantitative measures of strain in the protonated species. A combination of these data with the results of theoretical calculations (which also included several “computational experiments”) lead to a unified, conceptually satisfactory, quantitative description of these effects and their physical link to structural properties of the neutral and protonated species.This work was supported by grants PB 93-0289-C02 and PB-93-0142-C03-01 from the Spanish D.G.I.C.Y.T. Work by H.H. was supported by the Moroccan Ministry of Education and C.S.I.C

Nondestructive characterization of solar PV cells defects by means of electroluminescence, infrared thermography, I–V curves and visual tests: Experimental study and comparison

Photovoltaic (PV) modules are the core of every PV system, representing the power generation and their operation will affect the overall plant performance. It is one of the elements within a PV site with the higher failure appearance, being essential their proper operation to produce reliable, efficient and safety energy. Quantitative analysis and characterization of manufacturing, soldering and breaking PV defects is performed by a combination of electroluminescence (EL), infrared thermography (IRT), electrical current voltage (I-V) curves and visual inspection. Equivalent-circuit model characterization and microscope inspection are also performed as additional techniques when they contribute to the defects characterization. A 60-cells polycrystalline module has been ad hoc manufactured for this research, with different defective and non-defective cells. All cells are accessible from the backside of the module and the module includes similar kinds of defects in the same bypass string. This paper characterizes different defects of PV modules to control, mitigate or eliminate their influence and being able to do a quality assessment of a whole PV module, relating the individual cells performance with the combination of defective and non-defective cells within the module strings, with the objective of determining their interaction and mismatch effects, apart from their discrete performance.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Proyecto de Investigación ENE2017-89561-C4-3-R)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Proyecto de Investigación RTC-2017-6712-3