Sistema de informacion para el apoyo de la funcion lubricacion

140 p.A lo largo de este trabajo, se ha llevado a cabo el análisis, diseño e implementación de un Sistema de Información para el Apoyo de la Función de lubricación, destinado a servir tomo apoyo a las actividades diarias de lubricación que se realizan en los equipos de la industria nacional. Esto cumple con la finalidad de aumentar la eficiencia en cuanto al manejo de la información y al control de las tareas de lubricación. Con el uso de sistemas de esta naturaleza, se consigue captar y generar los datos pertinentes a las operaciones de lubricación, es decir, los datos necesarios para la toma de decisiones. Por otra parte, se consigue procesar los datos de una forma rápida y económica, utilizando al máximo los recursos que hoy en día están al altante en el área de la informática. Con esto, es posible producir información adecuada, precisa y oportuna, según sean los requerimientos de los usuarios

Contrasting patterns of selection between MHC I and II across populations of Humboldt and Magellanic penguins

Indexación: Web of ScienceThe evolutionary and adaptive potential of populations or species facing an emerging infectious disease depends on their genetic diversity in genes, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In birds, MHC class I deals predominantly with intracellular infections (e.g., viruses) and MHC class II with extracellular infections (e.g., bacteria). Therefore, patterns of MHC I and II diversity may differ between species and across populations of species depending on the relative effect of local and global environmental selective pressures, genetic drift, and gene flow. We hypothesize that high gene flow among populations of Humboldt and Magellanic penguins limits local adaptation in MHC I and MHC II, and signatures of selection differ between markers, locations, and species. We evaluated the MHC I and II diversity using 454 next-generation sequencing of 100 Humboldt and 75 Magellanic penguins from seven different breeding colonies. Higher genetic diversity was observed in MHC I than MHC II for both species, explained by more than one MHC I loci identified. Large population sizes, high gene flow, and/or similar selection pressures maintain diversity but limit local adaptation in MHC I. A pattern of isolation by distance was observed for MHC II for Humboldt penguin suggesting local adaptation, mainly on the northernmost studied locality. Furthermore, trans species alleles were found due to a recent speciation for the genus or convergent evolution. High MHC I and MHC II gene diversity described is extremely advantageous for the long term survival of the species.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ece3.2502/epd

Phytase-producing Bacillus sp. inoculation increases phosphorus availability in cattle manure

Organic wastes rich in phosphorus (P) are considered an alternative to decrease the dependence on chemical P fertilization in crops and pastures. Microbial inoculants are being studied as a tool to increase plant P availability in organic wastes. In this study, we explore the effect of inoculation with Bacillus sp. MQH-19 (a native phytase-producing bacterium) on the release of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) in cattle manure with low available P but a high total P content. Bacteria inoculation resulted in a higher release of Pi (8% in NaHCÜ3 and 13% in NaOH-EDTA extracts) compared with that of uninoculated manure (0.7% in NaHCÜ3 and 0.1% in NaOH-EDTA extracts). However, a greater amount of Pi was released in inoculated manure supplemented with phytate (47% in NaHCÜ3 and 117% in NaOH-EDTA extracts) compared with that of uninoculated manure supplemented with phytate (30% in NaHCÜ3 and 15% in NaOH-EDTA extracts). In addition, the use of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) revealed that the bacterial community structure in manure was affected by inoculation and that the prevalence of Bacillus sp. MQH-19 decreased during incubation (6 days). This study demonstrates that Pi availability in cattle manure can be increased by phytase-producing bacteria inoculation. Phytase-producing bacteria inoculation might represent an attractive strategy to increase P availability in agricultural wastes, which are used as organic fertilizers in crops and pastures

Analyzing the Effect of Crowds on Passenger Behavior Inside Urban Trains through Laboratory Experiments—A Pilot Study

The objective is to study the distribution of passengers inside urban trains for different levels of crowding. The study is carried out through the observation of videos made by laboratory experiments in which a mock-up of a carriage represented the boarding and alighting process. The Fruin’s Level of Service (LOS) was adopted, but with a different approach, in which the train is divided into five zones (central hall, central aisle, side aisle, central seats and side seats). The experiments are based on the behavior of passengers in the London Underground; however, this study could be expanded to any conventional rail or LRT system. For the laboratory experiments, it is proposed to build a metro carriage and a corresponding platform section, and the scenarios will include different levels of crowding of passengers boarding and alighting to produce a variation in the density on the platform. According to the crowding level, the results allow obtaining the distribution and movements generated by passengers in the five zones for different instants of time during the process of boarding and alighting. It is observed that passengers are distributed according to safety and efficiency conditions. For example, passengers tried to avoid contact with each other unless it is inevitable. In relation to comfort, the seats of the carriage are always used even if there is a low level of crowding. If the crowding level increases, the boarding and alighting time go up. In addition, passengers will spend one or two seconds more if the “let’s get off before getting on the carriage” behavior is breached. This kind of experiment can be used in further research as a way to test “what-if” scenarios using this new method of discretization of the space inside the train, which cannot be tested in existing stations due to restrictions such as the weather, variability of the train frequency, current design of the trains, among others. New experiments are necessary for future research to include other types of passengers such as people with disabilities or reduced mobility

Drosophila melanogaster Scramblases modulate synaptic transmission

Scramblases are a family of single-pass plasma membrane proteins, identified by their purported ability to scramble phospholipids across the two layers of plasma membrane isolated from platelets and red blood cells. However, their true in vivo role has yet to be elucidated. We report the generation and isolation of null mutants of two Scramblases identified in Drosophila melanogaster. We demonstrate that flies lacking either or both of these Scramblases are not compromised in vivo in processes requiring scrambling of phospholipids. Instead, we show that D. melanogaster lacking both Scramblases have more vesicles and display enhanced recruitment from a reserve pool of vesicles and increased neurotransmitter secretion at the larval neuromuscular synapses. These defects are corrected by the introduction of a genomic copy of the Scramb 1 gene. The lack of phenotypes related to failure of scrambling and the neurophysiological analysis lead us to propose that Scramblases play a modulatory role in the process of neurotransmission

The Challenge of Machine Learning in Space Weather Nowcasting and Forecasting

The numerous recent breakthroughs in machine learning (ML) make imperative to carefully ponder how the scientific community can benefit from a technology that, although not necessarily new, is today living its golden age. This Grand Challenge review paper is focused on the present and future role of machine learning in space weather. The purpose is twofold. On one hand, we will discuss previous works that use ML for space weather forecasting, focusing in particular on the few areas that have seen most activity: the forecasting of geomagnetic indices, of relativistic electrons at geosynchronous orbits, of solar flares occurrence, of coronal mass ejection propagation time, and of solar wind speed. On the other hand, this paper serves as a gentle introduction to the field of machine learning tailored to the space weather community and as a pointer to a number of open challenges that we believe the community should undertake in the next decade. The recurring themes throughout the review are the need to shift our forecasting paradigm to a probabilistic approach focused on the reliable assessment of uncertainties, and the combination of physics-based and machine learning approaches, known as gray-box.Comment: under revie

Aspergillus biomass production from sugarcane vinasse and its potential use for fish farm feed

Fish farming development faces several challenges, including the unavailability of good quality and affordable fish feeds. Thus, debate over fish farming is focused on fostering a shift from conventional feeds (fishmeal and soybean meal) to less expensive protein sources such as biomass of some fungal species. Elaborating new policies for improving the management of distillery effluents such as vinasse is relevant throughout the worldwide. Hence, recycling of vinasse for the manufacture of value-added fungal biomass could reduce production costs of fish feed and environmental impact of distillery effluents. In a previous study, it was demonstrated the tolerance of the fungus Aspergillus sp. V1 to high sugarcane vinasse concentrations. The goal of this study was to determine the bromatological composition of fungus biomass produced from vinasse to be used for fish feed formulations. A feed test with different proportions of lyophilized fungus was also performed, using the Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) as a model. Biomass produced from vinasse supplemented with 2 g/L urea at 30 °C for 96 h was harvested by pouring out the culture through a fine mesh stainless sieve and washed with distilled water, prior analyses. Total proteins of lyophilized biomass were determined by the Kjeldahl-Arnold-Gunning method using the universal factor of conversion to protein 6.25, total fat (or lipids) by the Soxhlet gravimetric method, crude fiber by the official method (OMA-Official Methods of Analysis), moisture by heating under reduced pressure, ash by weight difference after calcining the sample, and in carbohydrates indirect form: total carbohydrates = 100 – (Proteins + Total Fat + Moisture + Ash). For feed test, a chronic study (28 days) was carried out with different administrations of the lyophilized fungus (0%, 50% and 100%) compared to a commercial food (Shulet Carassius). As variables, parameters related to fish growth (body condition index, K) and enzymes related to oxidative stress (catalase and TBARS) were evaluated. Under the current assay conditions, biomass analysis revealed a protein content (44.0%), fat (3.9%), ash (5.2%), fiber (5.6%), moisture (5.2) and carbohydrate (37.0) within the standards recommended for fish diets. Regarding feed test, the results show a high survival (80%) in the fish fed with the lyophilized fungus compared to fishes feeding with commercial food (50%). Also, the statistical analyzes showed similarity between all the treatments in K index. However, the statistical analyzes revealed significant increases in the enzymes related to oxidative stress in the fishes where commercial food was administered (catalase value: 0.012; TBARS: 28.25) compared to those fed with lyophilized fungus (catalase value: 0.005 to 0.006; TBARS: 21.64 to 26.43). These results demonstrate that Aspergillus sp. V1 grown on vinasse may be used as an inexpensive fish feed ingredient, providing the benefits of a sustainable development across society.Fil: del Gobbo, Luciana Melisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Pérez Iglesias, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Jorquera, A.. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Cortes, Agostina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Villegas, Liliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Colin, Veronica Leticia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaXVIII Congreso Argentino de Microbiología GeneralLos CocosArgentinaSociedad Argentina de Microbiología Genera