The Limited Effect of Graphic Elements in Video and Augmented Reality on Children’s Listening Comprehension

There is currently significant interest in the use of instructional strategies in learning environments thanks to the emergence of new multimedia systems that combine text, audio, graphics and video, such as augmented reality (AR). In this light, this study compares the effectiveness of AR and video for listening comprehension tasks. The sample consisted of thirty-two elementary school students with different reading comprehension. Firstly, the experience, instructions and objectives were introduced to all the students. Next, they were divided into two groups to perform activities—one group performed an activity involving watching an Educational Video Story of the Laika dog and her Space Journey available by mobile devices app Blue Planet Tales, while the other performed an activity involving the use of AR, whose contents of the same history were visualized by means of the app Augment Sales. Once the activities were completed participants answered a comprehension test. Results (p = 0.180) indicate there are no meaningful differences between the lesson format and test performance. But there are differences between the participants of the AR group according to their reading comprehension level. With respect to the time taken to perform the comprehension test, there is no significant difference between the two groups but there is a difference between participants with a high and low level of comprehension. To conclude SUS (System Usability Scale) questionnaire was used to establish the measure usability for the AR app on a smartphone. An average score of 77.5 out of 100 was obtained in this questionnaire, which indicates that the app has fairly good user-centered design

Epithelial Na+,K+-ATPase — A Sticky Pump

Na+,K+-ATPase is an ATP-powered ion pump that establishes concentration gradients for Na+ and K+ ions across the plasma membrane in all animal cells by pumping Na+ from the cytoplasm and K+ from the extracellular medium. This heterodimeric enzyme, a member of P-type ATPases, is composed of a catalytic α-subunit with ten transmembrane domains and a heavily glycosylated auxiliary β-subunit. The Na+,K+-ATPase is specifically inhibited by cardiotonic steroids like ouabain, which bind to the enzyme’s α-subunit from the extracellular side and thereby block the ion pumping cycle. Na+,K+-ATPAse generates ion gradients that establishes the driving force for the transepithelial transport of several solutes and nutrients. The effectiveness of this vectorial transport motivated by Na+,K+-ATPase depends on the integrity of epithelial junctions that are essential for the maintenance of the polarized localization of membrane transporters, including the lateral sodium pump. This chapter reviews the facts showing that, in addition to pumping ions, the Na+,K+-ATPase located at the cell borders functions as a cell adhesion molecule and discusses the role of the Na+,K+-ATPase β-subunit in establishing and maintaining cell–cell interactions. Furthermore, Na+,K+-ATPase is a multifunctional protein that, in addition to pumping ions asymmetrically and participating in cell–cell contacts, acts as specific receptor for the hormone ouabain and transduces extracellular signals. Thus, when bearing in mind with transporting epithelia phenotype, the importance of modulation of cell contacts by Na+,K+-ATPase can hardly be underestimated

Comparative analysis of reported physical activity from leisure centres’ members versus the general population in Spain

Objectives (1) To describe the physical activity (PA) levels of the members of a Spanish leisure centre operator according to age and gender; (2) to describe the differences in the three PA levels between the members of a Spanish leisure centre operator and the general Spanish population considering the PA Eurobarometer data according to their gender and age and (3) to explore the intensity origin of the PA either in Spanish members of leisure centres or the Spanish population considering their gender. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Participants Data from 16 Spanish leisure centres (n=3627) and from the 2017 Eurobarometer 472 for Spain (n=1002) were used for this research. Primary and secondary outcomes measures The PA levels were analysed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version, and respondents were grouped into physical inactivity (PIA), moderate-PA and high-PA. Moreover, gender (men or women) and age (18–29 years; 30–44 years; 45–59 years; 60–69 years; ≥70 years) were considered. Total metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week, as well as total MET-min/week for walking intensity, moderate intensity and vigorous intensity were recorded. Results Leisure centres showed a lower prevalence of PIA and a higher prevalence of high-PA than the general population (p<0.05). Women displayed a higher prevalence of PIA and lower prevalence of high-PA than men (p<0.05). The prevalence of PIA increases with age while the prevalence of high-PA decreases. Conclusion Leisure centres engage most of their members in regular PA, including women and older adults, and these members also perform a higher number of MET in vigorous PA, than the general population

The Influence of Perceived Parenting on Substance Initiation Among Mexican Children

Parents shape their children\u27s behaviors and impact their developmental trajectories. Despite this, few studies have examined the potential relationship between child reported parenting factors and lifetime substance use and use intentions. The current study examined the potential impact of parenting factors (i.e., positive parenting, supervision, parental illicit substance use, substance-specific communication) on early substance use and intentions among Latinx children. Data for the present study utilized a representative sample of Mexican children (n = 52,171; 5th and 6th grades) who participated in a national survey on substance use. Children reported their demographics, lifetime substance use/intentions, and perceived parenting characteristic and practices. Child reported parental (i.e., individual or both parents) illicit substance use was associated with the largest increases in risk for reporting lifetime use of all substances examined. Higher levels of positive parenting were consistently associated with reductions in risk for reporting intentions for and use of all substances examined. Parent-child substance specific communication was not significantly related to child reported lifetime use or use intentions, with the exception of a minor decrease in the odds of reporting lifetime inhalant use. Supervision was associated with small to modest increase in risk. Substance use prevention efforts targeting Latinx populations may benefit from promoting positive parenting and direct supervision during childhood. Targeted prevention efforts may be needed for Latinx children exposed to parental illicit substance use, as they may be especially at risk for early substance initiation

Crowdsourcing as an IT help tool to determine impact in the health sector

The aim of this research was to propose a solution which applies the Crowdsourcing concept as the use of Information Technology to determine the perception of a social environment, which can perform a raised topic by an entity. In this case, the perception of Ruben Cruz Velez hospital with respect to: What opinion would you give about the Hospital Prevention and Promotion program?, in order to evaluate throughout Crowdsourcing, the Monitoring and Control Inspection (IVC) mechanisms for the provision of health services and component effectiveness, processes and standards of the Mandatory Quality Assurance System and their impact on provision of health services to users in an accessible and equitable manner.It is important to highlight that the development of a web platform that allows citizen participation to evaluate the mechanisms of Inspection of Monitoring and Control (IVC) of the provision of health services, analyzing the effectiveness of corrective actions and their impact on The provision of services to users in an accessible and equitable manner. Undoubtedly, in order to understand the current development and situation of traditional medicine in diverse geographical and cultural contexts, the way it adapts to its environment, and the type of health care available, it is necessary to locate it in the context of the models Health care in which it is inserted. The analysis of the current situation of traditional health systems, seen as subsystems of the total system, serves as a starting point for a more detailed reflection of their dynamics in Colombia, so thanks to the development of the CROWDSOURCING methodology as a tool To understand the current situation will help us to make valuable decisions for the future of the health sector particularly the beneficiary entities

Manejo de la contaminación bacteriana en la propagación in vitro de yemas axilares de Colocasia esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’

The in vitro propagation of Colocasia esculenta is limited by the presence of microbial contaminants, especially bacteria. The objective of this work was to demonstrate that the inclusion of actions for the bacterial contamination management in the in vitro propagation of C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’, from field explants, can reduce losses. Two in vitro propagation protocols were used and the incidence of bacterial contaminants in the establishment and multiplication stages was compared. One protocol modified the other with actions for the management of bacterial contamination. In each one, 20 primary rhizomes were taken from which at least two axillary buds were extracted and from each one a line was established. The number of explants contaminated with bacteria per subculture was quantified. Bacterial contamination was observed in the culture medium below or around the explants, indicating the initial explant as the primary source of contamination. With the application of the modified protocol, the percentage of losses due to bacterial contamination in all subcultures evaluated was reduced. In the in vitro establishment it did not exceed 5%. The combination of actions for the management of bacterial contamination among which are the reduction of the size of the explant, the work by lines and the visual detection of contaminants prior to the subculture of the plant material reduces the presence of bacterial contaminants in the in vitro propagation of C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’. Keywords: contaminant detection, explant, taroLa propagación in vitro de Colocasia esculenta se limita por la presencia de contaminantes microbianos, especialmente bacterias. El objetivo de este trabajo fue demostrar que la inclusión de acciones para el manejo de la contaminación bacteriana en la propagación in vitro de C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’ a partir de explantes de campo, puede reducir las pérdidas. Se emplearon dos protocolos de propagación in vitro y se comparó la incidencia de contaminantes bacterianos en las fases de establecimiento y multiplicación. Un protocolo modificó al otro con acciones para el manejo de la contaminación bacteriana. En cada uno se partió de 20 rizomas primarios de los que se extrajeron al menos dos yemas axilares y de cada una se estableció una línea. Se cuantificó el número de explantes contaminados con bacterias por subcultivo. La contaminación bacteriana se observó en el medio de cultivo debajo de los explantes o alrededor de estos lo que indica al explante inicial como fuente primaria de contaminación. Con la aplicación del protocolo modificado se redujo el porcentaje de pérdidas por contaminación bacteriana en todos los subcultivos evaluados. En el establecimiento in vitro no rebasó el 5%. La combinación de acciones para el manejo de la contaminación bacteriana entre las que se encuentran la reducción del tamaño del explante, el trabajo por líneas y la detección visual de contaminantes previo al subcultivo del material vegetal reduce la presencia de contaminantes bacterianos en la propagación in vitro de C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’. Palabras clave: explante, detección contaminantes, malang

Propuesta alternativa para la inclusión de un criterio de igualación de riesgos en el cálculo del despacho de generación en el mercado de energía eléctrica colombiano

In Colombia, the calculation of the generation office is carried out in four stages. In each of them safety and reliability restrictions are added. One of the most important features of dispatch calculation is the inclusion of a risk equalization policy. The dispatch must be such that the expected relative rations in each of the sub-areas of the system are minimal and close to the arithmetic average. This article presents a linear optimization model that allows the generation dispatch to be calculated in a single stage and that includes this risk equalization policy.En Colombia, el cálculo del despacho de generación es realizado en cuatro etapas. En cada una de ellas se adicionan restricciones de seguridad y confiabilidad. Una de las características más importantes del cálculo del despacho es la inclusión de una política de igualación de riesgos. El despacho debe ser tal que los racionamientos relativos esperados en cada una de las sub-áreas del sistema, sean mínimos y cercanos al promedio aritmético. En este artículo se presenta un modelo de optimización lineal que permite calcular el despacho de generación en una sola etapa y que incluye esta política de igualación de riesgos