Philanthrocapitalism and Hegemony in (Financing for) Development. The Philanthropic Discourse as a Neoliberal (Development Agenda) Artefact

Based on a critical analysis of the financing for development (FfD) model established by the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, this article shows how that FfD model is structurally neoliberal, contributing to the literature that views the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as a new phase of the Neoliberal Development Agenda (NDA), which has been consolidated as hegemonic within the international development (ID) field in recent decades. In this way, considering philanthrocapitalism as an ideological framework that proposes its own diagnoses and prognoses, we analyse various discourses of five philanthrocapitalist institutions (PIs) and two major international organisations in the arena of ID —the OECD (Paris Declaration on Aids and Effectiveness, and Accra Agenda for Action) and the UN (2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development)— to point how PIs legitimate themselves. This article shows how philanthrocapitalism has been constituted not only as a key element within the current model of FfD but also as a genuine neoliberal artefact; that is, a device designed to perfectly encapsulate the NDA apparatus and scrupulously fostered by the discourse of international agencies to contribute to the metaobjective of consolidating the neoliberal model as hegemonic in the ID arena

Evaluación sostenible de los Planes Directores de Quito. Periodo 1942-2012 = Sustainable urban evaluation of Quito´s Master Plans. Period 1942-2012

Resumen Ante el gran problema de expansión y las malas condiciones de vida de los barrios de la periferia de las ciudades latinoamericanas, una primera y rápida conclusión podría ser que no han existido criterios de sostenibilidad en el Planeamiento Urbanístico o Territorial que controlara éste problema. Sin embargo, en el caso de la ciudad de Quito (Ecuador), encontramos seis Planes de Ordenación desde 1942 al 2012, que una vez evaluados, a partir de los criterios de sostenibilidad establecidos por José Manuel Naredo y José Fariña en el Libro Blanco de la Sostenibilidad en el Planeamiento Urbanístico Español (2010), se concluye que los criterios de sostenibilidad han estado presentes y eran avanzados con respecto a otros planes reguladores latinoamericanos en este periodo. Quito ha mantenido interés por ser una ciudad planificada durante sus distintas etapas históricas de crecimiento, lamentablemente la realidad no es sostenible, radicándose el problema en una falta de gestión de los planes que no ha permitido su eficacia. Ahora es necesario que una nueva visión de la ciudad incorpore a la gestión urbana, el conocimiento de la capacidad de carga del territorio, la armonización con su paisaje, y el establecimiento de medidas preventivas frente a los riesgos naturales como nuevos retos en los Planes Directores futuros.Abstract: Given the great problem of expansion and poor living conditions of the neighborhoods on the outskirts of Latin American cities, a first quick conclusion could be that there were no sustainability criteria in the Urban and Territorial Planning to control this problem. However, in the case of the city of Quito (Ecuador), we find six Management Plans from 1942 to 2012, once evaluated, based on sustainability criteria established by J. M. Naredo and J. Fariña in the Sustainability White Paper in Spanish Urban Planning (2010), we concluded that the sustainability criteria have been present and were advanced compared to other Latin American Masters Plans in this period. Quito has maintained interest in being a planned city during its different historical stages of growth, unfortunately the reality is not sustainable, settling the problem on a lack of management plans has not allowed its effectiveness. Now it is necessary that a new vision of the city should incorporate urban management, knowledge of the capacity of the territory, harmonization with the landscape, and the establishment of preventive measures against natural risks and new challenges in the future Master Plans

La periferia espontánea en las ciudades intermedias latinoamericanas: perspectivas de solución desde la dimensión territorial-ambiental de la sostenibilidad

La investigación aborda el problema de la insostenibilidad de la periferia espontánea en las ciudades intermedias latinoamericanas, cuya informalidad ha determinado un crecimiento discontinuo, una baja densidad y el déficit de infraestructuras y dotaciones; a esto, se suman los riesgos futuros por desastres de origen natural asociados al cambio climático. En dicho contexto, el trabajo se plantea como objetivo central contribuir a solucionar este problema, a partir de una propuesta metodológica para el estudio de las periferias espontáneas de las ciudades latinoamericanas de escala intermedia, desde la perspectiva del desarrollo sostenible, poniendo énfasis en la dimensión física, ambiental y climática. Para ello, la investigación se organiza en tres partes: revisión y análisis de la información existente sobre la temática y consulta a expertos, para la determinación de criterios; la determinación de acciones prioritarias; y una propuesta de estructura que sustenta un sistema de indicadores. Los resultados del trabajo proponen una batería de treinta y nueve (39) indicadores referenciales, articulados en cuatro subsistemas relacionados con: la vulnerabilidad física-ambiental y climática, el eje ambiental, el desarrollo urbano y la cohesión social. Estos constituyen la principal conclusión del trabajo, el que, se espera, será útil para comenzar a tomar las primeras decisiones frente al problema de este tipo de periferias

Disentangling phase transitions and critical points in the proton-neutron interacting boson model by catastrophe theory

We introduce the basic concepts of catastrophe theory needed to derive analytically the phase diagram of the proton-neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2). Previous studies [1-3] were based on numerical solutions. We here explain the whole IBM-2 phase diagram including the precise order of the phase transitions in terms of the cusp catastrophe. © 2014 The Authors.This work was partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Econom´ıa y Competitividad and the European regional development fund (FEDER) under Project Nos. FIS2011-28738-C02-01, FIS2011-28738-C02-02, FIS2012-34479, and by Junta de Andaluc´ıa under Project Nos. FQM160, P11-FQM-7632 and FQM318, as well as by Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (CPANCSD2007-00042).Peer Reviewe

Number conserving particle-hole RPA for superfluid nuclei

TheAuthor(s) - .Published by Elsevier B.V. "This is an open access article under the CCBY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Funded by SCOAP"We present a number conserving particle-hole RPA theory for collective excitations in the transition from normal to superfluid nuclei. The method derives from an RPA theory developed long ago in quantum chemistry using antisymmetric geminal powers, or equivalently number projected HFB states, as reference states. We show within a minimal model of pairing plus monopole interactions that the number conserving particle-hole RPA excitations evolve smoothly across the superfluid phase transition close to the exact results, contrary to particle-hole RPA in the normal phase and quasiparticle RPA in the superfluid phase that require a change of basis at the broken symmetry point. The new formalism can be applied in a straightforward manner to study particle-hole excitations on top of a number projected HFB state.Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía (Spain) FQM-160 and FQM-370Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6105/UGRMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and the ERDF under Projects No. FIS2015-63770-P, FIS2017-88410-P and PGC2018-094180-B-I00CEAFMC and Universidad de Huelva High Performance Computer (HPC@UHU) funded by FEDER/MINECO project UNHU-15CE-284

Number conserving particle-hole RPA for superfluid nuclei

TheAuthor(s) - .Published by Elsevier B.V. "This is an open access article under the CCBY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Funded by SCOAP"We present a number conserving particle-hole RPA theory for collective excitations in the transition from normal to superfluid nuclei. The method derives from an RPA theory developed long ago in quantum chemistry using antisymmetric geminal powers, or equivalently number projected HFB states, as reference states. We show within a minimal model of pairing plus monopole interactions that the number conserving particle-hole RPA excitations evolve smoothly across the superfluid phase transition close to the exact results, contrary to particle-hole RPA in the normal phase and quasiparticle RPA in the superfluid phase that require a change of basis at the broken symmetry point. The new formalism can be applied in a straightforward manner to study particle-hole excitations on top of a number projected HFB state.Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía (Spain) FQM-160 and FQM-370Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6105/UGRMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and the ERDF under Projects No. FIS2015-63770-P, FIS2017-88410-P and PGC2018-094180-B-I00CEAFMC and Universidad de Huelva High Performance Computer (HPC@UHU) funded by FEDER/MINECO project UNHU-15CE-284

The Post-Keynesian view on labour demand in micro- and macroeconomic fields

[EN] The aim of this paper is to present the main ideas that could form the core of the Post-Keynesian approach to the analysis of labour demand at both micro- and macroeconomic levels. Specifically, this paper first reviews the essential elements characterising the Post-Keynesian approach to microeconomic analysis of labour demand. To do this, the "traditional view" is first presented, associated with the concept of the firm characterised by the presence of fixed technical coefficients and capacity reserves, and then the essential features of an alternative and more innovative view are described, based on the concept of the firm that emanates from the competence-based theories of organisation. Subsequently, the core of the Post-Keynesian contributions at the macroeconomic level is presented, organising them into two sections: first, those contributions that break away from the "second classical postulate" and second, those that additionally steer away from the "first classical postulate". Finally, the paper summarizes the main ideas that could be the core of the post-Keynesian approach to the analysis of labour demand, both in micro- and macroeconomic fields.S

Connection between decoherence and excited state quantum phase transitions

In this work we explore the relationship between an excited state quantum phase transition (ESQPT) and the phenomenon of quantum decoherence. For this purpose, we study how the decoherence is affected by the presence of a continuous ESQPT in the environment. This one is modeled as a two level boson system described by a Lipkin Hamiltonian. We will show that the decoherence of the system is maximal when the environment undergoes a continuous ESQPT

Modos de Pensamiento en Economía: Pensamiento Único vs. Pensamiento en Dow

En este trabajo se presenta la Teoría de los Modos de Pensamiento desarrollada por Sheila Dow y se emplea la misma para realizar un recorrido por cuatro corrientes de pensamiento diferentes en Economía. En concreto, se pone de manifiesto como uno de los elementos diferenciales entre las mismas es de naturaleza metodológica: el hecho de que se sustentan en el empleo de un Modo de Pensamiento Babilónico/Estoico (MPB/E) o de un Modo de Pensamiento Cartesiano/Euclídeo (MPC/E). Esta diferencia metodológica permite entender una parte sustantiva del desencuentro existente entre las diferentes corrientes de pensamiento que cohabitan en Economía. De forma añadida, se demuestra la inexistencia de un “pensamiento único” en Economía y se constata la presencia de disensos fundamentales en el pensamiento económico actual.metodología económica, corriente principal, corrientes alternativas, pensamiento heterodoxo

Experimental obstructive cholestasis: the wound-like inflammatory liver response

Obstructive cholestasis causes hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of liver disease are multiple and linked. We propose grouping these mechanisms according to the three phenotypes mainly expressed in the interstitial space in order to integrate them