Propuesta técnica de intervención en la conservación de sectores monumentales en el Complejo Arqueológico de Wari, provincia de Ayacucho - temporada 2018

El presente trabajo de tesis “Propuesta técnica de intervención en la conservación de sectores monumentales en el complejo arqueológico de Wari, región de Ayacucho – temporada 2018”, describe las labores realizadas desde el año 2015, sobre la documentación, su planeamiento e identificación de patologías en áreas con mayor urgencia y afectación, como parte de la propuesta técnica, para la puesta en valor de uno de los centros monumentales más representativos de nuestro país. El complejo arqueológico de Wari, cuna y capital del “primer imperio andino”, para recuperar su verdadera dimensión, rescatando algunos espacios ya intervenidos, para así tener una correcta lectura, de sus estructuras en cuanto a su historicidad, que puedan ser expuestos al público de manera correcta, recobrando su aspecto monumental, que tuvo esta ciudad prehispánica, en sus tiempos de esplendor. Esperamos que el presente trabajo de investigación, sirva de ayuda y/o referencia para el desarrollo de futuros proyectos en este campo, que ayuden a revalorar y poner en valor nuestros monumentos, utilizando herramientas de nuestra especialidad para fines de conservación, restauración, divulgación y promoción de nuestra cultura, plasmándose todo el conocimiento adquirido durante la formación universitaria de la Segunda Especialidad de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Muebles e Inmuebles, de acuerdo a un esquema formal, que pretendemos logre servir para futuras intervenciones, siguiendo una forma metodológica continua, más allá de personas que puedan estar al frente de los trabajos de intervención, logrando una unidad estética y una lectura pareja en su intervención

Bone mineral metabolism during gestation and its effects on maternal bone mass

La gestación y lactancia son periodos de alta demanda de calcio, para el crecimiento fetal y para la producción de leche materna. Durante la gestación, la madre transfiere al feto 25 a 30 g de calcio y durante la lactancia se secretan 200 a 240 mg de calcio diario en la leche materna. Durante la gestación, los mecanismos adaptativos más importantes son el incremento en la absorción de calcio y el incremento del recambio óseo materno; durante la lactancia, hay tendencia a conservar más calcio a nivel renal, pero la desmineralización temporal del esqueleto materno parece ser el mecanismo más importante. Los estudios que emplean absorciometría dual de rayos X (DXA) son escasos, por el riesgo de radiación materna y fetal; pero, con otras técnicas, como el ultrasonido cuantitativo, se ha descrito una pérdida de masa ósea durante la gestación predominantemente dependiente del hueso trabecular. Mediante marcadores bioquímicos del remodelamiento óseo se ha demostrado que los suplementos de calcio reducen la tasa de remodelamiento durante el embarazo y parecen tener efecto benéfico sobre la pérdida ósea materna. Estudios longitudinales que emplean ultrasonido cuantitativo también han encontrado una disminución de la pérdida ósea, entre las mujeres que recibieron aporte o suplemento adecuado de calcio durante la gestación.Pregnancy and lactation are periods of high calcium demand for skeletal growth and maternal milk production. Approximately 25-30 g of calcium are transferred to the fetus during pregnancy, and breast-feeding mothers secrete 200-240 mg/day of calcium in breast milk every day. During pregnancy, major physiologic adaptations include increased both calcium intestinal absorption and rate of maternal bone turnover; during lactation, there is a contribution of renal calcium conservation, but temporary maternal bone demineralization is the main mechanism to meet calcium requirements. Data on bone mineral density assessed by dual energy x-ray absortiometry (DXA) are sparse mainly due to concern about potential risk of radiation exposure to the fetus. Other radiation-free techniques like quantitative ultrasound have been used to assess maternal bone mass changes during pregnancy. Maternal bone loss mainly depending on trabecular areas during pregnancy has been described. Calcium supplements reduce maternal skeletal-bone turnover as evaluated by bone resorption markers during pregnancy and seem to have beneficial effects on maternal bone loss. Longitudinal studies with repeated measurements of quantitative ultrasound during pregnancy have found decrease in bone loss in pregnant women with adequate calcium intake or supplementation

Women's preferences for men's facial masculinity are strongest under favorable ecological conditions

The strength of sexual selection on secondary sexual traits varies depending on prevailing economic and ecological conditions. In humans, cross-cultural evidence suggests women's preferences for men's testosterone dependent masculine facial traits are stronger under conditions where health is compromised, male mortality rates are higher and economic development is higher. Here we use a sample of 4483 exclusively heterosexual women from 34 countries and employ mixed effects modelling to test how social, ecological and economic variables predict women's facial masculinity preferences. We report women's preferences for more masculine looking men are stronger in countries with higher sociosexuality and where national health indices and human development indices are higher, while no associations were found between preferences and indices of intra-sexual competition. Our results show that women's preferences for masculine faces are stronger under conditions where offspring survival is higher and economic conditions are more favorable

2023 International consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations: summary from the basic life support; advanced life support; pediatric life support; neonatal life support; education, implementation, and teams; and first aid task forces

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation engages in a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first aid science. Draft Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations are posted online throughout the year, and this annual summary provides more concise versions of the final Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations from all task forces for the year. Topics addressed by systematic reviews this year include resuscitation of cardiac arrest from drowning, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for adults and children, calcium during cardiac arrest, double sequential defibrillation, neuroprognostication after cardiac arrest for adults and children, maintaining normal temperature after preterm birth, heart rate monitoring methods for diagnostics in neonates, detection of exhaled carbon dioxide in neonates, family presence during resuscitation of adults, and a stepwise approach to resuscitation skills training. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces list priority knowledge gaps for further research. Additional topics are addressed with scoping reviews and evidence updates

Predicting the next pandemic: VACCELERATE ranking of the World Health Organization's Blueprint for Action to Prevent Epidemics

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO)'s Research and Development (R&D) Blueprint for Action to Prevent Epidemics, a plan of action, highlighted several infectious diseases as crucial targets for prevention. These infections were selected based on a thorough assessment of factors such as transmissibility, infectivity, severity, and evolutionary potential. In line with this blueprint, the VACCELERATE Site Network approached infectious disease experts to rank the diseases listed in the WHO R&D Blueprint according to their perceived risk of triggering a pandemic. VACCELERATE is an EU-funded collaborative European network of clinical trial sites, established to respond to emerging pandemics and enhance vaccine development capabilities. Methods: Between February and June 2023, a survey was conducted using an online form to collect data from members of the VACCELERATE Site Network and infectious disease experts worldwide. Participants were asked to rank various pathogens based on their perceived risk of causing a pandemic, including those listed in the WHO R&D Blueprint and additional pathogens. Results: A total of 187 responses were obtained from infectious disease experts representing 57 countries, with Germany, Spain, and Italy providing the highest number of replies. Influenza viruses received the highest rankings among the pathogens, with 79 % of participants including them in their top rankings. Disease X, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and Ebola virus were also ranked highly. Hantavirus, Lassa virus, Nipah virus, and henipavirus were among the bottom-ranked pathogens in terms of pandemic potential. Conclusion: Influenza, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and Ebola virus were found to be the most concerning pathogens with pandemic potential, characterised by transmissibility through respiratory droplets and a reported history of epidemic or pandemic outbreaks

Metabolismo mineral óseo durante la gestación y efectos sobre la masa ósea de la madre

La gestación y lactancia son periodos de alta demanda de calcio, para el crecimiento fetal y para la producción de leche materna. Durante la gestación, la madre transfiere al feto 25 a 30 g de calcio y durante la lactancia se secretan 200 a 240 mg de calcio diario en la leche materna. Durante la gestación, los mecanismos adaptativos más importantes son el incremento en la absorción de calcio y el incremento del recambio óseo materno; durante la lactancia, hay tendencia a conservar más calcio a nivel renal, pero la desmineralización temporal del esqueleto materno parece ser el mecanismo más importante. Los estudios que emplean absorciometría dual de rayos X (DXA) son escasos, por el riesgo de radiación materna y fetal; pero, con otras técnicas, como el ultrasonido cuantitativo, se ha descrito una pérdida de masa ósea durante la gestación predominantemente dependiente del hueso trabecular. Mediante marcadores bioquímicos del remodelamiento óseo se ha demostrado que los suplementos de calcio reducen la tasa de remodelamiento durante el embarazo y parecen tener efecto benéfico sobre la pérdida ósea materna. Estudios longitudinales que emplean ultrasonido cuantitativo también han encontrado una disminución de la pérdida ósea, entre las mujeres que recibieron aporte o suplemento adecuado de calcio durante la gestación

The translation of Coleridge's poetry and his influence on Twentieth-century Italian poetry

The reception of Coleridge’s poetry in Italy is a twentieth-century story with an interesting nineteenth-century prologue. The first relevant translations were those by Enrico Nencioni (in flat prose) and Emilio Teza (in lively rhyming verse). They were isolated episodes, followed by Mario Praz’s Poeti inglesi dell’Ottocento (1925), the first comprehensive anthology of its kind, which had a relevant impact on the Italian image of Coleridge. Mario Luzi brought out the first significant poetic translation of Coleridge’s masterpieces in 1949, a turning-point that made Coleridge a permanent presence in Italian culture. Luzi had a special interest in Coleridge’s philosophy of literature as part of the symbolist tradition. Beppe Fenoglio’s translation of The Ancient Mariner was part of a deep interest in English-language literature that he shared with other Piedmontese novelists, like Calvino and Primo Levi, who also interacted with Coleridge. Levi described himself after Auschwitz as an “ancient mariner” who felt obliged to tell his story to everyone. The title of his collection of poems, Ad ora incerta, is a phrase he found in Coleridge’s ballad. About a dozen new translations of Coleridge’s poetry have been published since 1970. Giovanni Giudici used a sort of accentual line based on northern models for his Ancient Mariner, whereas Franco Buffoni focussed on Coleridge’s fragments rather than the best-known poems. Umberto Fiori wrote the libretto for Luca Francesconi’s opera Ballata, an adaptation of the Ancient Mariner performed with success in Brussels in 2002. Such interest on the part of some significant poets shows that Coleridge remains a live presence in Italian culture