Research Notes : Performance of F1 generation of soybean in relation to Colaspis sp. and Diabrotica speciosa

Resistance against the leaf beetles Colaspis sp. (C.occidentalis or near occidentalis according to Dr. R. White, Insect Identification and Beneficial Insect Introduction Institute, Beltsville, MD, USA) and Diabrotica speciosa (Gennar, 1824) were evaluated under greenhouse conditions, utilizing the resistant PI 227,687, two commercial susceptible varieties \u27Santa Rosa\u27 and \u27Parana\u27, and the two F1 between the PI and these commercial varieties. A free-choice type of test, with five replications, and artificial infestation of field-collected adults, was made and the percentage of leaf area eaten was visually estimated. Tables 1 and 2 show the percentage of leaf area eaten by C.occidentalis and D. speciosa

Alta incidência de Tomato chlorotic spot virus em jiló no estado de São Paulo

Em processament

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Rearing Frankliniella zucchini Nakahara & Monteiro (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L. ‘Caserta’) fruits

Frankliniella zucchini transmits zucchini lethal chlorosis virus, causal agent of lethal chlorosis of zucchini squash. The characteristics of relationship between this virus with its vector have not been studied, one of the reasons being the lack of a method for rearing the thrips for laboratory studies. This work proposes a system for the rearing of F. zucchini on fresh virus free zucchini ‘Caserta’ fruits, offering a practical and efficient alternative for the supply of a large number of insects for later study of virus/vector relationship. In addition, to aid in the identification of this species of thrips, the immature and adult forms obtained from the colony were described. Keywords: Insecta, Tospovirus, Thrips, ZLCV, Zucchini squas

Composição corporal de garrotes inteiros de três grupos genéticos nas fases de recria e terminação Body composition of young bulls of three genetic groups in the growing and finishing phases

Com os objetivos de avaliar a composição corporal e identificar características corporais mensuráveis capazes de estimar o tamanho relativo de componentes corporais, foram utilizados 36 garrotes inteiros, sendo 12 Nelore, 12 ½ Holandês x ½ Zebu e 12 ½ Caracu x ½ Zebu. Em cada grupo genético, havia seis animais de cada fase de produção: recria e terminação, com peso inicial próximo a 225 kg e 330 kg, respectivamente. Os animais foram mantidos em regime de confinamento até o abate, realizado de acordo com o peso: 310 a 340 kg PV para os animais na fase de recria e 420 a 470 kg PV para aqueles na fase de terminação. Foi fornecida a mesma dieta a todos os animais, com 50% da matéria seca à base de concentrado e 50% de silagem pré-seca de coastcross. Utilizou-se um fator geral de 0,8693 para conversão do peso vivo em peso de corpo vazio (obtido a partir dos dados de todos os animais do experimento). Animais provenientes de seleção para corte na categoria terminação apresentaram maiores rendimentos de carcaça (59,2%) que aqueles de origem leiteira (56,33%). Grupos genéticos de raças com aptidão leiteira mostraram tamanhos relativos de órgãos 9% maior, 21% menos tecido adiposo na carcaça, bem como maior participação da gordura interna no total de tecido adiposo corporal. Em razão das baixas correlações encontradas, não parece confiável estimar os tamanhos relativos dos componentes corporais estudados a partir das características corporais mensuráveis analisadas.<br>To evaluate the body composition, and to identify measurable body characteristics capable to estimate the relative size of body components, 36 young bulls (12 Nellore, 12 ½ Holstein x ½ Zebu, and 12 ½ Caracu x ½ Cebu) were used. In each genetic group, six animals of each production phase were used: growing animals with initial weight of 225 kg and the finishing ones with initial weight of 330 kg. The animals were maintained in confinement regime to reach 310 to 340 kg of weight for the growing animals and 420 to 470 kg of weight for the finishing ones. The same diet was fed to all the animals, with concentrate level of 50% in the dry matter and 50% of coastcross hay. A general factor of .8693 was adopted to conversion of live weight in empty body weight (obtained with the records of all the animals in the experiment). Animals from a beef selection origin, in finishing group, presented higher dressing percentage (59.2%) that those of milk selection origin (56.33%). Genetic groups originating from breeds with milk aptitude showed higher relative sizes of organs (9% more), 21% smaller total fatty tissue in carcass, as well as higher participation of internal fatty tissue in total fatty tissue. Despite of the low correlations, it is not reliable to estimate the relative sizes of the body components studied from the analyzed measurable body characteristics