The Experience-Stretching Hypothesis: Past and Future Outstanding Experiences Impair Savoring

Les expériences extraordinaires diminuent-elles notre capacité à prendre du plaisir au quotidien ? Dans ce travail, nous montrons que la relation entre l'argent et les expériences de vie extraordinaires d'une part, et le bonheur d'autre part, est amoindrie par l'effet pervers que le luxe entraine: il diminue notre capacité à apprécier les plaisirs plus simples. Nous explorons également les mécanismes qui sous-tendent cet effet ainsi que les différences individuelles que le modère.Does experiencing the best life has to offer diminish our ability to savor simple joys? In this work, we showed that the relationship between money or outstanding life experiences and happiness is weakened by the deleterious consequences of luxury on savoring. We further explored the underlying mechanisms and the individual differences that moderate this effect

Personality and mental time travel: a differential approach to autonoetic consciousness.

Recent research on autonoetic consciousness indicates that the ability to remember the past and the ability to project oneself into the future are closely related. The purpose of the present study was to confirm this proposition by examining whether the relationship observed between personality and episodic memory could be extended to episodic future thinking and, more generally, to investigate the influence of personality traits on self-information processing in the past and in the future. Results show that Neuroticism and Harm Avoidance predict more negative past memories and future projections. Other personality dimensions exhibit a more limited influence on mental time travel (MTT). Therefore, our study provide an additional evidence to the idea that MTT into the past and into the future rely on a common set of processes by which past experiences are used to envision the future

Prosocial Bonuses Increase Employee Satisfaction and Team Performance

In three field studies, we explore the impact of providing employees and teammates with prosocial bonuses, a novel type ofbonus spent on others rather than on oneself. In Experiment 1, we show that prosocial bonuses in the form of donations tocharity lead to happier and more satisfied employees at an Australian bank. In Experiments 2a and 2b, we show thatprosocial bonuses in the form of expenditures on teammates lead to better performance in both sports teams in Canadaand pharmaceutical sales teams in Belgium. These results suggest that a minor adjustment to employee bonuses – shifting the focus from the self to others – can produce measurable benefits for employees and organizations

Emodiversity and the Emotional Ecosystem

Bridging psychological research exploring emotional complexity and research in the natural sciences on the measurement of biodiversity, we introduce—and demonstrate the benefits of—emodiversity: the variety and relative abundance of the emotions that humans experience. Two cross-sectional studies across more than 37,000 respondents demonstrate that emodiversity is an independent predictor of mental and physical health—such as decreased depression and doctor's visits—over and above mean levels of positive and negative emotion. These results remained robust after controlling for gender, age, and the five main dimensions of personality. Emodiversity is a practically important and previously unidentified metric for assessing the health of the human emotional ecosystem

Binding moral values gain importance in the presence of close others

A key function of morality is to regulate social behavior. Research suggests moral values may be divided into two types: binding values, which govern behavior in groups, and individualizing values, which promote personal rights and freedoms. Because people tend to mentally activate concepts in situations in which they may prove useful, the importance they afford moral values may vary according to whom they are with in the moment. In particular, because binding values help regulate communal behavior, people may afford these values more importance when in the presence of close (versus distant) others. Five studies test and support this hypothesis. First, we use a custom smartphone application to repeatedly record participants’ (n = 1166) current social context and the importance they afforded moral values. Results show people rate moral values as more important when in the presence of close others, and this effect is stronger for binding than individualizing values—an effect that replicates in a large preregistered online sample (n = 2016). A lab study (n = 390) and two preregistered online experiments (n = 580 and n = 752) provide convergent evidence that people afford binding, but not individualizing, values more importance when in the real or imagined presence of close others. Our results suggest people selectively activate different moral values according to the demands of the situation, and show how the mere presence of others can affect moral thinking

Emotions in Everyday Life

Data from the article: "Emotions in Everyday Life" DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.014545

Happiness Without a Financial Safety Net: Low Income Predicts Emotional Volatility

Decades of research suggest that money buys very little happiness. However, previous studies have relied on static measures assessing people’s well-being once or on average. We examine the “reel” of people’s emotional lives through over 1 million reports from 23,000 individuals whose happiness was tracked in real-time using a smartphone app. Results show that lower income is associated with increased happiness volatility—a relationship that replicates across multiple operationalizations of volatility, statistical models, and a sample of individuals from six developing countries (N > 25,000). An unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm further revealed that the greatest gap is between how frequent and intense the rich and the poor experience emotional downs, not ups. The happiness gap between the highest and lowest earners during episodes of intense unhappiness was 1.5 to 3 times the size of the gap in average happiness between these two groups. Finally, exploiting the exogeneity of monthly payments, we find that low-income people experience more moments and periods of anomalous happiness the last few days of the month, suggesting a causal relationship between income and happiness volatility